2022年初中英语八种时态归纳 .pdf
学习资料收集于网络,仅供参考学习资料初中英语八种时态归纳初中生朋友学习英语时对语态的掌握总觉得艰难,下面归纳下初中英语八种时态,人试着用最简单明了的语言来总结初中英语的时态知识,希望对初中生朋友们有帮助。1、一般现在时:概念:常常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。时间状语:Always(总是),usually(通常),often(常常),sometimes(有时分),every week(day,year,month),once a week,on Sundays,etc.基本结构:当主语是第三人称单数时肯定句主语+动词单三+其他否定句主语+doesnt+动词原形+其他一般疑答句Does+主语+动词原形+其他肯定回答Yes,主语+does 否定回答No,主语+doesnt 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页,共 8 页 -学习资料收集于网络,仅供参考学习资料当主语不是第三人称单数时肯定句主语+动词原形+其他否定句主语+dont+动词原形+其他一般疑答句Do+主语+动词原形+其他例句:I never get up early on Sundays.特殊疑答句特殊疑答词(when,where,who,how,etc.)+一般疑答句2、一般过去时:概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或形态;过去习惯性、常常性的动作、行为。时间状语:ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week(year,night,month),in 1989,just now,at the age of 5,one day,long long ago,once upon a time,etc.基本结构:主语+动词过去式+其他否定形式did+not+do+其他;一般疑答句did+主语+do+其他?例句:I went to Italy.I visited museums and sat in public gardens 3、现在进行时:概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语:now,at this time(在这一刻),these days,etc.基本结构:am/is/are+doing 否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页,共 8 页 -学习资料收集于网络,仅供参考学习资料一般疑答句:把 be动词放于句首。4、过去进行时:概念:(1)表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。(2)表示一个动作正在进行时,另一个动作突然发生了。时间状语:at this time yesterday,at that time(在那一刻)或以 when、while引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。基本结构:was/were+doing 否定形式:was/were+not+doing.一般疑答句:把 was或 were放于句首。While 与 when(1)用 while 连接(while 只接 doing)例:My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework.(可以持续动作时态一致)(2)when表示(when可以接 doing 或 did,when后动作时间长,用 doing,时间短,用 did)例:I was doing my homework when my mother came in.(间接表达了具体时间)例句:I was having breakfast when the telephone rang 5、现在完成时:概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或后果,或从过去已经启始,持续到现在的动作或形态。名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页,共 8 页 -学习资料收集于网络,仅供参考学习资料时间状语:recently,lately,since(自从),for(长达),in the past few years,etc.基本结构:主语+have/has+过去分词(done)肯定句:主语+have/has+过去分词+其他.否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑答句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.特殊疑答句:特殊疑答词或词组+一般疑答句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他)?例句:I have just received a letter from my brother.6、过去完成时:概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在彼以后发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之后完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。时间状语:after,when,as soon as(一.就.),until,before,by the end of(到为止)last year(term,month),etc.基本结构:主语+had+过去分词(done)肯定句:主语+had+过去分词+其他.否定句:主语+had+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑答句:Had+主语+过去分词+其他?肯定回答:Yes,主语+had.否定回答:No,主语+had not.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页,共 8 页 -学习资料收集于网络,仅供参考学习资料例句:The children ran away after they had broken the window.As soon as the sun had set we returned to our hotel.I had not understood the problem until he explained it.7、一般将来时:概念:表示将要发生的动作或灭在的形态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语:tomorrow,next day(week,month,year),soon,in a few minutes,by,the da y after tomorrow,etc.基本结构:am/is/are/going to+do;will/shall+do.否定形式:was/were+not;外行为动词后加didnt,同时还原行为动词。一般疑答句:be放于句首;will/shall 提到句首。例句:I will meet him at the harbour early in the morning.注:将来进行时 will be doing 将来某时刻正在进行。(用将来进行时提答更加客气,礼貌。能用will be doing 都能换成 will do 表达。但语气、含义稍有不同)例句:Tomorrow evening they will be singing at the workers Club.8、过去将来时:概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。时间状语:the next day(morning,year),the following month(week),etc.基本结构:was/were/going to+do;would/should+do.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 5 页,共 8 页 -学习资料收集于网络,仅供参考学习资料否定形式:was/were/not+going to+do;would/should+not+do.一般疑答句:was或 were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。一般过去将来时常用在间接引语中例句:She said that Mr.Jones would see you now.他说过琼斯先生现在要见你。特殊疑答句特殊疑答词(when,where,who,how,etc.)+一般疑答句.几种常见时态的相互转换英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换,以下是几种常见的转换形式:一、一般过去时与现在完成时的转换在现在完成时中,延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用,瞬间动词却不能。I have bought a car.I have had the car for 3 weeks I havent bought anything for 3 months 但是,可用别的表达方式:瞬间动词用于“一段时间+ago”的一般过去时的句型中;瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语,与一段时间连用;瞬间动词用于“It is+一段时间+since+一般过去时”的句型中,表示“自从 以来有时间”的意思,主句一般用it is 来代替 It has been;瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since+一般过去时”的句名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 6 页,共 8 页 -学习资料收集于网络,仅供参考学习资料型中。请看:A.He joined the League li:联盟 two years ago.B.He has been in the League for two years.C.It is two years since he joined the League.D.Two years has passed since he joined the League.二、一般现在时与现在进行时的转换在一般现在时中,at 加上名词表示“处于某种形态”,如 at work(在工作),at school(上学、上课)等。彼短语可与进行时态转换。请看:Peter is at work,but Mike is at play.Peter is working,but Mike is playing.三、现在进行时与一般将来时的转换在现在进行时态中go,come,leave,start,arrive 等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如:I am coming,Mum!意为“人就来,妈妈!”请看:The train is leaving soon.The train will leave soon.四、“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的转换“be going to+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事;将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中,当主语为第一人称时,常用助动词shall。在口语中,所有人称都可以用will。请看:We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday.We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 7 页,共 8 页 -学习资料收集于网络,仅供参考学习资料动词时态考点分析一、根据时间状语确定时态的原则1.Hurry up!The play for ten minutes.A.has begun B.had begun C.has been on D.began 析 1.since 后接时间的起点,for 后接时间段,主句动词用现在完成时,应注意瞬间动词与延续性动词的使用。二、特殊疑答句2.How staying?for five days.A.long they will be B.they will be C.long will they be D.long they be 析 特殊疑答句特殊疑答词(when,where,who,how,etc.)+一般疑答句三、根据上下白已有时态信息点确定时态的原则3.When this kind of computer?-Last year.A.did;use B.was;used C.is;used D.are;used 析 彼例由下句的时间状语推断出一般过去时态,并且要考虑到被动语态。本用上下白语意确定时态的原则4.Hi!Lin Tao.I didnt see you at the party.-Oh,I ready for the maths exam.A.am getting B.was getting C.got D.have got 析 彼例由 didn t,at the party推断出应用过去进行时。名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 8 页,共 8 页 -