2022年英语四六级翻译试题预测.docx

2022年英语四六级翻译试题预测六级翻译预测01 |皮影戏皮影戏(shadow play)是中国的一种民间艺术，拥有悠久的历史。皮影戏所需要的演员是用牛 皮做的皮影人形，由一个或几个人控制着，并用光将它们反射到幕布上。皮影戏在陕西和甘 肃地区最为流行，经常在庙会、婚礼和葬礼等场合演出。皮影戏是用来驱邪的，人们希望皮 影戏的演出能给他们带来好运。精致生动的皮影人形已经成为一种收藏品，深受外国人的喜 爱。参考译文Shadow play is a form of Chinese folk art with a long history. The actors or actresses in a shadow play are figures made of cow leather. Being controlled by one or several persons, these figures are reflected via a light on the screen. Shadow play is most popular in the area of Shaanxi and Gansu Provinces and often performed in the temple fairs, wedding ceremonies and funeral ceremonies, etc. With the purpose of driving out evil spirits, people wish that the performance of shadow play will bring them good fortune. Delicate and vivid shadow figures have become a kind of collection and are greatly loved by foreigners.翻译要点第1句可用并列结构译出(Shadow play is a. and has)，但不如把后半句拥有 处理 成后置定语，用介词短语with a long history表达来得简洁。第2句较长，可将其拆译成两个句子。在"皮影戏所需要的演员中，定语"所需要”可以省 略不译，译成The actors or actresses in ashadow play即可将意思表达清楚。“用牛皮做的可 译为过去分词短语made of，作figures的后置定语，使句子结构清晰简洁。在翻译由， 并时，需补充主语皮影人形。其中前半句可处理成方式状语，用现在分词短语的被动语 态来表达，译作Being controlled by；"用光"表方式,可译为via lighto在第3句中，“陕西和“甘肃宜补译性质Province(省)；“经常在等场合演出为无被动 标识词的被动句，应译为is performed in.,并可承前省略is。第4句中的“皮影戏是用来驱邪的可处理为原因状语，译作With the purpose of driving out evil spirits； 皮影戏的演出能给他们带来好运作希望“(wish)的宾语，可用that引导的宾语从 句来表达，译为 (that) the performance of shadow play will.。六级翻译预测02 |昆曲昆曲(Kunqu Opera)源于江苏昆山地区，至今已有600多年的历史，它是中国戏曲最古老的存 在形式之一。昆曲有一个完整的表演体系并且有自己独特的腔调。昆曲在明朝初期得到开展。 从16到18世纪，它一直主宰着中国戏曲。此外，昆曲还影响了许多其他的中国戏曲形式。 今天，昆曲依然在中国的一些大城市被进行表演，受到了许多人的喜爱。参考译文Kunqu Opera originated in the Kunshan region of Jiangsu. It is one of the oldest existing forms of Chinese operas with a history of more than 600 years. Kunqu Opera has a complete system of acting characterized by its own distinctive tunes. During the early Ming Dynasty, Kunqu Opera got developed and it dominated Chinese theatre from the 16th to the 18th century. In addition, Kunqu Opera has influenced many other Chinese theatre forms. Today, Kunqu Opera is still played in some major cities of China and enjoys a popularity among many people.翻译要点至今已有600多年的历史:“已有600多年的历史可译为with a history of more than 600 years,其中with ahistory of意表示“有的历史"，more than表示“多于，超过”。昆曲在明朝初期得到开展:"开展可译为develop,常用的短语有develop into,意为“开展成 为。明朝初期可译为theearly Ming Dynasty,而“明朝末期可译为the late MingDynastyo此外，昆曲还影响了许多其他的中国戏曲形式:"此外可译为in addition。"影响”可译为 influence, 也可译为 have the influence of。六级翻译预测03 |中医Chinese medicine中医(Traditional Chinese Medicine )有五千多年的历史，是中国古代劳动人民几千年来对抗疾 病的经验总结。中医将人体看成是气、形、神的统一体，以“望、闻(auscultationand olfaction)、 问、切为其独特的诊断过程。中医使用中药、针灸(acupuncture)以及许多其他治疗手段，使 人体到达阴阳调和。阴阳和五行是中医的理论基础。五行是自然界中的五种基本物质，即金、 木、水、火、土。参考译文Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has along history of more than 5,000 years. It is a summary of the experience of the working people over many centuries of struggle against diseases. TCM considers human body as a unity of QI, XING and SHEN. The diagnostic process of TCM distinguishes itself by "observation， auscultation and olfaction, inquiry and pulse diagnosis". TCM uses traditional Chinese medicine,acupuncture and many other treatment means to make human body be harmony between YIN and YANG. The concepts of YIN-YANG and WU XING laid atheoreticalfoundation for TCM. WU XING refers to five basic substances in the nature, that is, metal, wood, water, fire, and earth.翻译要点气、形、神的统一体:"气、形、神这种中文词汇在英文中鲜有恰当的词汇与之对应，翻译 成拼音即可;“统一体可译为unity望、闻、问、切:"望即"观察"，可译为observation广闻有“听的意思，也有“嗅的意思, 在中医里也是如此,原文里已经给出提示，译为auscultation and olfaction;"问即"询问，翻 译为 inquiry;"切指''诊脉，翻译为 pulse diagnosis阴阳调和:即阴阳平衡，可译为make YIN and YANG in equilibrium或者beharmony between YIN and YANG金:五行中的"金"不是"金子"，而是"金属之意，所以要翻译成metal,而不要译成gold六级翻译预测04 |丝绸之路丝绸之路(the Silk Road)是中国古代的一条商业贸易路线(trade route)。丝绸之路以古代中国的 政治、经济、文化中心一一古都长安为起点，一直延伸至中亚、北非和欧洲。它最初的作用 是出口中国生产的丝绸。随着时间的推移，丝绸之路逐渐变成了一条连接东西方的主要道路, 促进了东西方的经济文化交流。后来，有学者把所有沟通中西方的商路统称为丝绸之路。参考译文The Silk Road is a trade route in ancient China. It started from the ancient capital Chang'an that was the center of politics, economy and culture in ancient China, and stretched all the way to central Asia, North Africa, and Europe. Its original function was to export the silk produced in China. As time went by, the Silk Road gradually became the main road connecting the East and the West, promoting the economic and cultural exchanges between the two parties. Later, some experts call all the trade routes between China and the West "the Silk Road翻译要点.第2句较长，经分析可发现，“古代中国的政治、经济，文化中心为“古都长安的同位语， 这里可以处理成that引导的定语从句。翻译本句时，可先翻译主干(It started from,and stretched all the way to.),然后再插入定语从句和后半句的地点。1 .第3句中的定语"中国生产的用过去分饲短语producedin China来表达，作后置定语，简洁 地道。2 .第4句中的定语“连接东西方的用分词短语connectingthe East and the West来表达。促进 了 经济文化交流可译为 and promoted the economic and culturalexchanges,但用现在分词 短语promoting the economic来表达，能让句子结构更紧凑。原句中有两个“东西方，故把 后一个译为the twoparties,以防止重复。3 .最后一句中的“有学者 ”可译为存现句there are some experts.,但不如处理为some experts. 简洁。六级翻译预测05 |评书评书(storytelling)是一种中国传统口头讲说的表演形式，是我国劳动人民创造的一种口头(oral) 文学，在宋代开始流行。评书故事往往改编自历史事件、著名小说等。除了讲故事外，说书 人还会对人物作出评价，辨明是非。收音机和电视的普及，特别是电子媒介的开展为评书提 供了极大的生存空间。评书是一种很便利的娱乐形式，它给人们的生活带来了很多的消遣 (relaxation)和娱乐。Storytelling is a kind of traditional Chinese performance in the form of oral speaking and oral literature created by Chinese working people. It became popular in the Song Dynasty. Generally, its stories are adapted from historic events, famous novels and so on. Besides telling stories, the storyteller may also comment on the characters in the story and distinguish right from wrong. The popularity of radio and TV, especially the development of electronic media provides a great living space for storytelling. Storytelling is a convenient form of entertainment and it brings much relaxation and a lot of fun into our life.六级翻译预测06 |宫廷建筑在中国漫长的封建(feudal)历史进程中，拥有至高无上权力的帝王们为自己建造了普通群众可 望而不可即的宫廷楼宇，这些建筑表达了当时建筑技术的精髓。据史料记载，秦代的阿房宫、 汉代的未央宫以及唐代的大明宫都是宏大的建筑群，有宽阔的庭院以及宏伟的殿堂。目前仅 存的帝王宫殿是建于明清两代的北京紫禁城和沈阳故宫，它们代表了古代宫廷建筑技术和艺 术的顶峰。In the long history of Chinese feudal society, the emperors, as the holders of supreme power, built palaces and other structures for themselves which the populace might aspire to but could never attain. The construction represents the essence of the architectural techniques at that time. Historical records describe the Epang Palace of the Qin Dynasty, the Weiyang Palace of the Han Dynasty and the Darning Palace of the Tang Dynasty as huge complexes with broad courtyards and magnificent halls. The only imperial palaces extant nowadays are the Forbidden City in Beijing and the Imperial Palace in Shenyang, which were built during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. They represent the best technical and artistic achievements of ancient imperial construction.六级翻译预测071塔克拉玛干沙漠塔克拉玛干沙漠(the Taklamakan Desert)是中国最大的沙漠，面积约为33万平方千米。塔克 拉玛干在维吾尔语(Uyghur language)里的意思是走得进，出不来，因此塔克拉玛干沙漠也 被称为死亡之海。这里沙丘(sand dune)遍布，受狂风影响，沙丘时常移动。据统计，这些 沙丘每年大约移动150米，严重影响了当地居民的生存。在过去的几十年里，当地政府一直 致力于植树造林，以减少沙尘暴的发生。The Taklamakan Desert is the largest desert in China and covers an area of about 330 000 square kilometers. In Uyghur language, Z/Taklamakan,/ means "you can go in, but you never come out”, so the desert is also called “the Sea of Death". Sand dunes spread all over the Taklamakan Desert. Affected by the fierce wind, these sand dunes are always moving. Statistics suggest that each year they move about 150 meters, which seriously threatens the survival of the local populace. In the past decades, the local government has been making great efforts to plant trees to reduce the occurrence of sandstorms.六级翻译预测08 |故宫故宫(the Imperial Palace),也称紫禁城，位于北京市中心，占地面积达72万平方米，是中国 也是世界现存规模最大、最完整的古代皇家建筑群(complex)。故宫于1406年开工兴建，耗时 14年建成，距今已有590多年的历史。明清两代共有24位皇帝曾在这里生活居住。故宫建 筑群极好地表达了中国古代建筑艺术的特点和风格，是中国乃至世界建筑史上当之无愧的经 典。Situated at the heart of Beijing, the Imperial Palace, or the Forbidden City which takes up an area of 720 000 square meters is the largest and most complete ancient imperial building complex existing in China as well as in the world. The Imperial Palace was started to be built in 1406 and completed 14 years later, having a history of more than 590 years. Twenty-four emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties had ever lived here. The building complex of the Forbidden City fully embodies the artistic features and styles of ancient Chinese architecture, and can be deservedly called a masterpiece in Chinese, even the world architectural history.六级翻译预测09 |红楼梦红楼梦(A Dream of Red Mansions)创作于18世纪，作者是曹雪芹。红楼梦是中国最 著名的小说之一，曾被改编成多部戏剧作品。自红楼梦问世以来，有数以亿计的读者阅 读过其汉语原文和各种译文。在中国，几乎每个人都读过或者知道红楼梦的故事。小说 描写了一个庞大封建家族的生活及其衰落的过程，从各个角度充分展示了当时中国的文化和 社会状况。A Dream of Red Mansions, written in the 18th century by Cao Xueqin, is one of the most famous novels in China and has been adapted for numerous operas. Since the publication of the novel, hundreds of millions of readers have read it, either its Chinese original or its translated versions in various languages. Almost every person in China has read, or at least knows the story. This novel describes the life and decline of a large feudal family and fully presents every aspect of the Chinese culture and society at that time.六级翻译预测10 I本草纲目本草纲目(The Compendium of Materia Medica)是明代(the Ming Dynasty)著名的医学家 李时珍所著。这部著作近乎200万字，记载药物(medical substance) 1892种。除了中草药(Chinese herhal medicine),该书也包含了动物和矿物质作为药物的记载。本草纲目堪称 中医史上最完整的医书，对各种药物的名称、气味、形态等都做了详尽的介绍。它被翻译成 20多种语言并在全世界广为流传。即便现在，人们还常常将它用作医学参考书。The Compendium of Materia Medica is written by Li Shizhen, a famous medical scientist in the Ming Dynasty. With almost 2million Chinese characters, the book lists 1,892 kinds of medical substances. Besides Chinese herbal medicines, it includes animals and minerals used as medicinal substances. The Compendium of Materia Medica is regarded as the most complete medical book in the history of traditional Chinese medicine. Detailed introductions of all the medical substances are given in the book, including name, smell, appearance, etc. It has been translated into more than 20languages and spreads all over the world. Even now it is still often used as a reference book in medicine.六级翻译预测111团购团购是一种新型的购物方式，顾名思义就是指很多人一起购买同一产品，旨在加大与卖方的 谈判能力以获得优惠的购买价格。随着中国电子商务的繁荣和开展，网络团购在中国网民中 流行起来，已经成为团购的主要形式。它方便、快捷、价格低、不受地域限制。目前中国的 很多网站都在尝试做团购，并迅速开展起来，如聚划算(Juhuasuan) 糯米团(Nuomituan) 等。据了解，网络团购的主要群体是中国大中城市的年轻人。Group buying is a new shopping mode which,as its name implies, means a large group of people buying the same product. It aims at enhancing buyers negotiation power with sellers to get a favorableprice. With the prosperity and development of Chinese e-commerce, online group buying is popular among Chinese Internet users and has become the main form of group buying. It is convenient, fast, low in price and unrestrained by regions.Currently many websites in China are trying to launch group buying service and flourish quickly, such as Juhuasuan, Nuomituan. It is known that the majority of online group buyers are young people in large and medium-sized cities in China.六级翻译预测12 |毛笔毛笔(Chinese brush)是一种源于中国的传统书写工具，与墨、纸、砚(ink stone)并称为“文房四 宝。毛笔有着悠久的历史，相传为秦始皇的大将蒙恬所创。毛笔笔尖最初用兔毛，后来也用 羊、狼、鸡、鼠等动物毛，笔管用竹或其他材料制成。在古代，毛笔不仅是一种基本的书写 工具，还被广泛用于书法(calligraphy)和绘画创作。几千年来，它为创造中华民族光辉灿烂的 文化做出了卓越的贡献。Chinese brush is a traditional writing instrument originating from China. Ink stick, paper, ink stone and Chinese brush are known as "Four Treasures of the Study,z.Chinese brush has a long history. Legend has it that the brush was invented by Meng Tian, a general under the First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty. Originally, the head of the brush was made from rabbit hairs, and later also from the hairs of goats, wolves, chickens, mice and other animals. The shaft is made of bamboo or other materials. In ancient times, Chinese brush was not only an essential writing tool, it was also widely used in calligraphy and painting. For thousands of years, it has made outstanding contributions to the creation of the effulgent Chinese culture.六级翻译预测13 |婚姻中国人称结婚为终身大事，因为中国人的家族观念很重，认为齐家是治国的根本。中国古人 不断告诉读书人，要想替国家做事，必须先把家庭治理好。中国人不仅把婚姻看成一男一女 的结合，还把它当作社会的基础，是很庄重的事，一点也不能马虎。旧式的中国婚姻，并不 是自己选择对象，而是由家长做主，还需要媒人的介绍。到了现代，婚姻由自己做主，但是 仍要征求家长同意。Chinese people define marriage as a lifelong event, because they have a strong family ideal, with the belief that running a good family is the foundation for running the country. Chinese ancients kept warning scholars that they should run their families well before they could work for the country. Therefore, Chinese people regard marriage not only as the union of a man and a woman, but also as the foundation of society, which should be treated with solemnity and without the least rashness, in old Chinese marriage arrangements, one didn't choose his or her spouse, who was instead arranged by the parents with the help of matchmakers. In modern times, one chooses his or her own marriage partner, but still with the assent of the parents.六级翻译预测14 |壮族壮族(the Zhuang ethnic minority)是中国人口最多的少数民族，约有1900万人。超过90%的壮 族人居住在广西，其余分布在云南、广东、贵州和湖南等南方省份。壮族人有自己的语言。壮语主要分为南北两大方言。由于南方地区气候温和，雨量(rainfall)充足，壮族的主要农产品 是热带和亚热带(subtropical)作物，如水稻和玉米。大多数壮族人的日常食物与汉族的并无多 大差异。With a population of about 19 million, the Zhuang ethnic minority is the largest minority group in China. Over 90 percent of the Zhuang people live in Guangxi while the rest is distributed in southern provinces in China like Yunnan, Guangdong, Guizhou and Hunan. The Zhuang people has its own language which is mainly divided into southern dialect and northern one. The Zhuang people's agricultural products are tropical and subtropical crops such as rice and corn due to the mild climate and abundant rainfall in southern China. The daily food of most Zhuang people is of little difference from that of Han people.六级翻译预测15 |李白李白是唐朝(theTang Dynasty)的著名诗人。他和他的朋友杜甫是唐代中期中国诗歌繁盛时期最 杰出的两位人物。他一生四处游历，写下了大约1000首诗篇。这些诗堪称是赞美友情、享受 大自然和饮酒作乐的模板。他的诗浪漫、豪迈，想象力丰富。作为一个浪漫主义天才，李白 把中国的传统诗歌形式推向了一个新的离度，对后世的诗歌产生了深远的影响。Li Bai was a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty. He and his friend Du Fu were the two most prominent figures in the flourishing of Chinese poetry in the mid-Tang Dynasty. He traveled around the country in his lifetime, composing about 1,000 pieces of poems which were models for celebrating the friendship, appreciating the nature and the joys of drinking wine. His poems are romantic with heroic style and rich imagination. As a romantic genius, Li Bai took traditional poetic forms to a new height and exerted a far-reaching influence on the poems of the future generation.六级翻译预测16 |烟花很多人将烟花(fireworks)和节庆联系起来。放烟花是中国庆祝新年重要的一局部。在中国传统 文化中，烟花被用以驱赶邪恶的鬼魂。烟花在中国的开展历史悠久，其创造可以追溯到2000 年前。传说有个厨师在烹饪的偶然弄出了有趣的火花，通过数代中国人的努力，最终把烟花 开展了起来。如今，由于燃放烟花污染环境，环保烟花的研究和研发已经展开。Many people associate fireworks with festivals and celebrations. Fireworks are an important part of Chinese New Year celebration. In traditional Chinese culture, fireworks are used to drive away evil spirits. The development of fireworks in China is a lo