2022年人教版高一英语必修一unit知识点、练习含答案 .pdf

1 必修 1 Unit 3 Travel journal.词义搭配1transport Ato get a degree 2prefer Bto make sb.do sth.by giving them good reasons 3graduate Cthe way that you think or feel about something 4persuade Dtimetable 5schedule Edecide something 6Determine Fan unfavorable condition 7attitude Gto choose sth.rather than sth.else 8disadvantage Hcarrying goods from one place to another.短语填空ever since，be fond of，care about，give in，make up ones mind，change ones mind 1Nowadays more and more children _playing computer games.2At first she promised to attend my wedding，but later she_.3 He _nothing but money，not even his parents and friends.4It is always the husband who _first when a quarrel breaks out between the young couple.5Karen couldnt _whether to leave him or not.6She has worked as a nurse _3 years ago.句型背诵名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 30 页 -2 1It_was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.首先想到沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅游的是我的姐姐。2Although she didnt know the best way of getting to places，she insisted_that she organize the trip properly.虽然她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。3When I told her the_air_would_be_hard_to_breathe and it would be very cold，she said it would be an interesting experience.当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难，而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。4Once she has made_up_her_mind，nothing can change it.她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。5We were_surprised_to learn that half of the river is in China.得知一半的河流位于中国，我们很惊讶。1Which kind of transport do you prefer_to use：bus or train？(P17)你更喜欢哪种交通工具，公交车还是火车？(1)transport n.&vt.运输，运送I normally travel by public transport.我出门通常乘坐公共交通工具。A helicopter was used to transport the wounded.一架直升飞机被用来运送伤员。transport.(from.)to.把(从)运到transportation(美)transport(英)运输，交通工具名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 30 页 -3 It took all day to transport the furniture to the new apartment.把家具搬到新居用了整整一天。transport/traffic transport 作“交通”讲时，实指运输工具。traffic 作“交通”讲时，指街上的行人、车马，着重指数量的多少。故在“交通拥挤，交通事故”中，“交通”都用traffic一词。【教师备课资源】trans-为前缀，意为“进入另一处或状态”。例如：translate v翻译transplant v移植；移栽transfer v转移transform v把转换成；变换选词填空：transport，traffic My husband is using my car，so I have no means of _._is interrupted in many places.We ran out of gas right in the middle of the main street and blocked _.(2)prefer vt.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)；宁愿Of the two opinions，I prefer the former.这两种意见中我倾向于前一种。A/The majority of people seem to prefer TV to radio.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 30 页 -4 大部分人似乎喜欢看电视而不喜欢听收音机。prefer to do sth.喜欢做某事A to B 喜欢A而不喜欢 Bdoing A to doing B喜欢做 A而不喜欢做 Bto do A rather than do B宁愿做 A也不愿做 Bsb.to do sth.宁愿某人做某事宁愿某人做某事I prefer walking alone.我比较喜欢一个人溜达。I should prefer you to wait for me at the bus stop.我宁愿让你在那个汽车站等我。Would you prefer that I come on Monday instead of on Tuesday?你是喜欢让我星期一来而不是星期二来吗？I prefer to go to the movie theatre rather than watch MTV.比起 MTV，我较喜欢去电影院看电影。用括号内所给词的适当形式填空He prefers _(have)a car of his own.We prefer you _(finish)the work by yourself.Tom prefers to meet his friend at the station rather than _(wait)here.My husband prefers staying at home watching TV to _(go)shopping with me.I prefer that you _(keep)the secret for me.keep名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，共 30 页 -5 2disadvantage n 不利条件，不便之处Think about the advantages and disadvantages of each form of transport and fill in the following chart.(P17)考虑一下各种交通方式的有利和不利条件然后填入下列图表中。It is a disadvantage not to be able to drive a car.不会开汽车是不便的。It put him at a great disadvantage.这使他处于极其不利的地位。at a disadvantage处于不利地位under disadvantage在不利的情况下advantage n 优势，优点，好处take advantage of利用Sato was at a disadvantage.佐藤处于不利的地位。They labored under the disadvantage of not having enough money.他们苦于得不到足够的资金。The Chinese team enjoyed the height advantage.中国队占有身高优势。I mean to take advantage of it.我想好好利用它。完成句子众所周知，每一样东西既有优点又有缺点。我们应该充分利用它的优点来尽量避免它的不利方面。As we all know，everything has _and _.We should _its _to try our best to avoid its_.3ever since从以后Ever since middle school，my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 5 页，共 30 页 -6 taking a great bike trip.(P18)从中学起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想着进行一次伟大的自行车之旅。此处 since 为介词。Ever since then，he comes out only at night.从那以后，他只在夜间出来。He has been working away without a rest ever since breakfast.他从吃早饭之后，就一直在不停地干。ever since常见用法：作介词，后接表示时间的名词，常与现在完成时或现在完成进行时连用。作副词，单独使用，在句中作时间状语，常与现在完成时或现在完成进行时连用。作连词，引导时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。Ive been so sorry ever since.从那以后我一直感到内疚。Her father has been down-and-out ever since the factory closed.自从工厂关闭后，她的父亲一直贫困潦倒，灰心丧志。ever since要与现在完成时连用，有时候根据语境还可用现在完成进行时，也可将 ever 省略只用 since(可用作连词和副词)。与 ever since 类似的时间状语还有so far，up till now，by now，recently，lately，since last month，in/for the past一段时间，since.ago等。完成句子从那时起，我每天都练习打篮球。_，I have practised playing basketball.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 6 页，共 30 页 -7 自从我们在学校认识以来我们一直是朋友。Weve been friends_.4persuade vt.说服，劝说Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one.(P18)两年前她买了一辆很贵的山地车，然后她说服我也买了一辆。He tried to persuade her but failed.他试图说服她，但是没有成功。No matter how hard we tried to persuade him，he wouldnt listen.无论我们如何努力去说服他，他也不听。persuadesb.to do sth.sb.into doing sth.说服某人做某事sb.not to do sth.说服某人不要做某事sb.of sth.sb.that 从句使某人相信某事Ill persuade him to join our club.我将劝他加入我们的俱乐部。How did you persuade your father into lending us the money？你是如何说服你父亲借给我们钱的？They couldnt persuade him of their sincerity.他们无法使他相信他们的诚意。名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 7 页，共 30 页 -8【提示】persuade 意为“说服，劝服”，advise“劝说，(不一定)说服”。【对接高考】(2012全国卷)If she doesnt want to go，nothing you can say will_her.Apersuade Bpromise Cinvite Dsupport 完成句子不要被说服买你并不需要的东西。Dont let yourself _buy things you dont really want.我们最终使本相信这个决定是明智的。We finally_Ben _the wisdom of this decision.5graduate vi.毕业 n.大学毕业生After graduating from college，we finally got the chance to take a bike trip.(P18)大学毕业后，我们终于有了骑自行车旅行的机会。He was a graduate of the University of Hawaii.他是夏威夷大学的毕业生。We shall graduate in less than a year.我们用不了一年就要毕业了。graduate from.毕业于(学校)graduate in.毕业于(专业)graduation n毕业；毕业典礼What university did you graduate from?名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 8 页，共 30 页 -9 你从哪所大学毕业的？介词填空Only thirty students graduated _Chinese last year.He is a dance learner who will graduate _school in two years.6schedule n时间表；进度表vt.为安排时间；将列入计划(或时间表)Now she is planning our schedule for the trip.(P18)现在她正在为我们的旅行制订计划。All these activities gave him a full schedule，but somehow he managed.所有这些活动使他一天忙到晚，但他还是顶下来了。George always falls behind his schedule.乔治老是不能按时完成计划。ahead of schedule提前on schedule 按时间表，准时be scheduled for预定为be scheduled to do sth.预定做某事The first part of the project was completed two months ahead of schedule.第一期工程提前两个月完工。He is scheduled to leave for London next Monday.他预定下星期一动身去伦敦。完成句子新桥提前两年落成。The new bridge has been finished two years_.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 9 页，共 30 页 -10 面试时间安排在明天早上10 点。The interview _10：00 am.tomorrow.7Although she didnt know the best way of getting to places，she insisted that she organize the trip properly.(P18)虽然她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。主句中谓语动词insist意为“坚持要求；坚决主张”，后接宾语从句，宾语从句要求用虚拟语气，省略了should。I insist that you take immediate action to put this right.我坚决要求你立刻采取行动把事情处理好。insist表达“坚持一种说法、看法或事实”时，宾语从句则不用虚拟语气。insist还可用作不及物动词，意为“坚持；坚决主张意见等”，其后常接介词 on/upon。If you insist on leaving now，please go ahead.你一定要走，那就请便吧。I insist that he is correct.我认定他是正确的。用所给动词的适当形式填空The teacher insisted that his students _(finish)their homework alone.He insisted that he_(do)nothing wrong.She insisted on your _(say)“sorry”to her in public.8care about关心，忧虑，惦念，在乎Of course she hadnt；my sister doesnt care about details.(P18)名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 10 页，共 30 页 -11 当然，她并没有看过；我姐姐是不在意细节问题的。He doesnt care about his clothes.他不在乎衣着。And it makes me feel good that you care about us.你关心我们大家这使我太高兴了。care for照管，关心，喜爱，想要care to do sth.愿意做某事，想要做某事take care注意，当心take care of照顾；负责with care当心；仔细地I wonder whether they will care for us.我想知道他们是否喜欢我们。He had other people to take care of besides me.除我之外，他还要照顾别人。The box of eggs was marked“With Care”这个鸡蛋盒标上了“小心”字样。介词填空Jim cares_nobody but himself.The old man doesnt care _the songs on the radio.The only thing that he cares _is money.Who will care _the old woman?The children are taken care _in the nursery.9She gave me a determined lookthe kind that said she would not change_her_mind.(P18)她给了我一个坚定的眼神这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 11 页，共 30 页 -12(1)determined adj.坚决的；有决心的Im determined to succeed.我决心要获得成功。Is she a very determined woman?她是一位意志很坚定的女性吗？determinesth.决定to do sth.决心做某事表动作on sth.决定做某事疑问词 to do sth.决定从句决定be determined to do sth.决定做某事We determine to fulfill the task ahead of time.我们决定提前完成任务。The exam results could determine your career.考试成绩可能会决定你的前途。Tomorrow she shall determine whether to go abroad or not.明天她必须决定是否出国。The _look on his face showed that he had enough confidence in himself.Asurprised Bpuzzled Cexcited Ddetermined (2)change ones mind改变主意(决定、看法)I soon realized that I could not make him change his mind.我很快意识到我无法使他改变想法。名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 12 页，共 30 页 -13 make up ones mind下决心，决定keep.in mind记住fix ones mind upon把注意力集中在I cant make up my mind whether to come or not.我拿不定主意是否要来。It is not easy to keep in mind what you have told me.记住你告诉我的话并不容易。完成句子毕业后他们决心到农村安家落户。After graduation，they_to go and settle in the countryside.你问我的时候，我正打算改变主意。Im just going to _when you ask.要记住，在你这个年纪喝酒是违法的。_drinking alcohol at your age is illegal.10When I told her the air would_be_hard_to_breathe and it would be very cold，she said it would be an interesting experience.(P18)当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难，而且天气会很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。the air would be hard to breathe是“主语 be形容词不定式”结构，其中 the air是 breathe 的逻辑宾语，不定式作状语修饰形容词。常用于此结构中的形容词有：difficult，hard，easy，comfortable，pleasant，interesting，exciting等。名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 13 页，共 30 页 -14 A man so difficult to please must be hard to work with.一个如此难以取悦的人一定很难与之共事。The box seemed heavy to carry.那个箱子好像提起来很重。【提示】在此结构中，不定式不能用被动语态而要用主动语态；若不定式中的动词是不及物动词，需有与之搭配的介词。【对接高考】(2012辽宁高考)This machine is very easy _.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.Aoperating Bto be operating Coperated D to operate 完成句子这把椅子坐上去很舒服。The chair is very comfortable_.这个问题在两小时内不容易解决。The problem is not easy_in two hours.【答案】to sit onto solve11Once she has made up her mind，nothing can change it.(P18)她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。once 在该句中是连词，引导条件状语从句，意为“一旦；一就”。Once you have taken the examination，you will be able to relax.你一旦考完试就可以轻松一下。Once(it is)found，any mistake must be corrected.一旦发现任何错误就必须加以改正。Once(it is)gone，perhaps you will never get it back.一旦失去什么，也许你再也找不回来。名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 14 页，共 30 页 -15【对接高考】(2010北京高考)_they decide which college to go to，students should research the admission procedures.AAs B While CUntil DOnce 完成句子一旦你做出承诺，你就应该兑现它。_，you should carry it out.你一到达那儿，就要给我打电话。_，youll call me.12give in投降；屈服；让步(与 to 连用)；呈交，交上Finally，I had to give in.(P18)最后，我只好让步了。Bloggs was at last forced to give in.布罗格斯终于被迫投降。Please give in your examination papers now.现在请交上试卷。give away 赠送；泄露；出卖give off放出；散发出(液体、气体、气味、热量、能量、光、声音等)give out分发；用完，消耗尽，筋疲力尽give up放弃，戒掉；停止；认输；把送交给give way to给让路；对让步名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 15 页，共 30 页 -16 Dont give away my secret.不要泄露我的秘密。The apples give off a very sweet smell.这些苹果散发出非常香甜的味儿。Our food supply at last gave out.我们的食物终于用完了。At no time should you give up studying.在任何时候你都不应该放弃读书。介、副词填空He gave _large amounts of money to the people in need.I have given _expecting him to change.After a month their food supplies gave _.He will soon give _because he cant win the game.13attitude n态度；看法An attitude is what a person thinks about something.(P19)态度是一个人对某件事情的想法。Let us examine our attitude towards peace itself.我们先来检讨我们对和平的态度。He has a positive attitude towards life.他对生活持有积极的态度。attitude to/towards sb./sth.对的看法/态度They adopt a strong attitude towards this matter.他们对这件事采取强硬态度。As you get older，your_towards the matter will change.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 16 页，共 30 页 -17 Apoint Bidea Cattitude Dsight 1boil vi.&vt.(液体)沸腾；(水)开，煮沸，烧开This was even more exciting to see than the rapids where the water seemed to boil.(P20)这比看到仿佛沸腾了的急流更加令人激动。Water boils at 100 degrees centigrade.水在 100摄氏度沸腾。We were advised to boil the water before drinking it.有人建议我们把水烧开再喝。boiling/boiled boiling 形容词，表示“沸腾的”。boiling point沸点。boiled 形容词，表示“煮过的，煮熟的”。boiled eggs煮熟的鸡蛋。选词填空：boiling，boiled Dont touch the _water，and it will burn you.The _water is cold now.Perhaps it has frozen.2A determined person always tries to finish the job，no_matter_how_hard_it_is.(P20)不管困难有多大，一个有决心的人总是尽力完成工作。本句中的 no matter how hard it is是让步状语从句，意为“不管它有多难”。名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 17 页，共 30 页 -18 No matter what you do，you must do it well.不管做什么，你都得做好。No matter where you work，you can always find time to study.无论你在哪里工作，你都能找到时间学习。no matter是连词，意为“不管；无论”，它需要和what/who/which/when/whose/where/how等特殊疑问词一起引导让步状语从句。句子的语序为：no matter how/what，etc.adj./adv.主语谓语部分。no matter how/when/where/what/who/whom/which引导状语从句时可以相应的转换成 however，whenever，wherever，whatever，whoever，whomever，whichever。She has the window open，no matter how/however cold it is outside.不管外面多冷她都开着窗户。No matter when/Whenever you decide to go，I would keep you company.无论你决定何时去，我都会陪着你。【对接高考】(2012湖南高考)_ hard you try，it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.AHowever BWhatever CWhichever D Whenever 完成句子Ill be your true friend，_(无论发生什么)_(无论何时我探望他)，he is busy with his research work.观察下列句子，体会现在进行时的用法。名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 18 页，共 30 页 -19 We are waiting for you now.Now she is planning our schedule for the trip.She is learning to swim recently.Where are we going?Wh en are we leaving and when are we coming back?自我总结 1现在进行时表示此刻正在进行的动作。如：句_。2现在进行时还可表示现阶段正在进行而说话时不一定正在进行的动作。如：句_。3现在进行时有时可以表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作，这种现在进行时比较生动，给人一种期待感。如：句_。现在进行时表将来一、现在进行时的含义现在进行时表示将来主要用于表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作或事件。这种用法给人一种期待感，常表示最近或较近的将来。二、用现在进行时表示将来的动词1表示位置转移的动词，如arrive，come，get(to)，leave，return，start，travel，take off，fly，see off等。A law to help those in need is starting.一项旨在帮助困难群众的法律就要启动。(进行时表示将来)When is the speaker arriving？演讲者何时到来？(进行时表示将来)2表示趋向性的动词，如do，buy，meet，have，play，spend 等，此时句中一般要有表示将来的时间状语。We are playing basketball after class.下课后我们要打篮球。(计划将要发生)They are spending their next summer holiday in Guilin.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 19 页，共 30 页 -20 下个暑假他们要在桂林度过。(计划将要发生)三、其他几种将来时态的表达形式1shall/will do表示单纯的将来。will do还表示临时打算做某事。Mr.Wang is ill in hospital.王先生生病住院了。Oh，Ill go and visit him tomorrow.哦，我明天要去看他。2be going to do表示现在的打算、意图；也可表示预料在最近的将来会发生的事。I am going to be a doctor.我即将成为一名医生。3beto do 表示预定、按计划或安排将发生，也可表示将来必定发生，或表示命令等。Tell her that she is not to be back late.告诉她不要回来晚了。4一般现在时表示将来可用于按规定(时间表、计划表、日程表等)将要发生的动作；也可用在表示时间、条件或让步的状语从句中。The bus leaves at 6：00.汽车将在六点离开。5be about to do“刚要，正要”，常用在be about to do.when.句型中，意思是“正要做，这时”。I was about to lock the door when the telephone rang.我正要锁门，这时电话响了。.单项填空1The mid-term exam _，and everyone is trying hard to study.Awas coming Bcame 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 20 页，共 30 页 -21 Chas come D is coming 2Please call the station to make sure when the earliest train _.Aleave B left Cleaves D is leaving 3I _my work.Please wait for me for a while，and then lets go home together.Ajust finish Bam just finishing Chave just finished Djust finished 4What about going to see the final competition tonight?Why not？And I _my new friend with me.Aam taking Bhave taken 5(2011福建高考)Ladies and gentlemen，ple