中考专区 二轮专题初中定语从句讲练（无答案）.docx

初中定语从句专项练习在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 句中man 和 everything 是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。关系代词的用法: 1. that既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语)The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语)2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语)The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的电影很好看。(作宾语)3.who， whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom， 也可省略。例如：The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语)Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语)注意：(1)当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who， that， which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这英文小说。(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：This is the person whom you are looking for.这就是你要找的那个人。(3)that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远(4)关系词只能用that的情况：a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。b.被修饰的先行词为all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?c.先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that， 而不用which.例如：I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?f.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。(5)关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：a.先行词为that， those时，用which， 而不用that.例如：What's that which is under the desk?在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which， 而不用that.例如：Tom came back， which made us happy.汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。五、关系副词的用法(1)when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。(2)where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。3)why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。II. 关系副词引导的定语从句:关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。1) 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用。例如：I will never forget the day when I met her. 我将永远不会忘记我见到她的那一天Beijing is the place where(in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地。Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?这是他拒绝我们帮助的理由吗?2)that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。III.判断关系代词与关系副词方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永不会忘与你共事的日子。1. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady_ comes from Beijing.A. who   B. which   C. whom    D. whose(   ) 2. Whats the name of the program _. A. which are listening       B. you are listening toC. to that you are listening      D. that you are listening(   ) 3. The students were all interested _ you told them yesterday.A. in which   B. in that this   C. all that   D. in everything4. He was the only person in his office_ was invited.A. whom    B. whose  C. that  D. which5. This is the museum_ we visited last year. A. where   B. in which   C. which      D. in that6. Charlie told his mother all_ had happened. A. that    B. what       C. which      D. who(   ) 7. Do you know the student_?A. whom I often talk         B. with who I often talk C. I often talk with    D. that I often talk(   ) 8. I like the house_ windows face south. A. whose    B. whos       C. it's     D. its(   ) 9. Would you tell me where to get the dictionary _?A. what I need   B.I need    C. which I need it   D. that I need it10. The young woman_ I spoke just now is a young doctor.A. who  B. to whom    C. whom  D. that用关系代词填空：that 、which 、who、 whom 、whose1. This is the man _ wants to see you.2. The student _ answered the question is Zhang Hua.3. The man _ you went to see has come.4. The man _I met yesterday lent me some money.5. The woman _ you saw is our geography teacher.6. The runner _ you are asking about is over there.7. The person _ you should write to is Mr. Ball.8. The man _was passing by saw what happened.9. Here is the pen _ you lost the day before yesterday.10.These books _ you lent me were very useful.11.The storybook _ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.12.A clock is a machine _ tells people the time.13.This is shirt _I bought yesterday.14.A dictionary is a book _ gives the meaning to the word.15.The book _ is on the table is mine.16.The film _ they are talking about is very interesting.17.I will never forget the people and the places _ I have ever visited.18.Is there anyone _ family is in Beijing?19.Show me the boy _ mother is a well-known singer.20.The boy_ father is a teacher is good at English.