高考英语二轮复习：定语从句 介词 关系代词关系副词：whenwhere（素材）.docx

2022届新高考英语语法二轮复习基础微专题定语从句（四）介词+关系代词，关系副词：when, where一、 带介词的定语从句 1. 固定词组，介词置于后，关系代词使用灵活. This is the hair clip (whom / who/ that) she is looking after.类似的固定词组：look after, turn off, take care of, make up2. 非固定词组，介词位置灵活，关系代词使用严格 The woman (whom/ who/ that) I spoke to is a classmate of mine.The girl to whom I spoke is a friend of . 3. 介词词组（关系代词远离先行词） In front of, on top of ,at the foot of, with the help of, as a result of. We stand outside a building in front of which stands a library.We arrived at a hill, on top of which stood a tower. 4. 代词/数词+of +关系代词 He has written many books,  most of which are for children. =He has written many books, of which most are in Chinese. We have many students, two of whom have won prizes of international competitions. 5. 介词+whose 修饰后面的名词： He is the very man in whose pocket I found my lost money. 二、 关系副词的用法 比较下面的几组句子： a. I will never forget the day.b. I first met you on the seashore on the day .合并成一个定语从句： I will never forget the day on which I first met you on the seashore. 先行词在定语从句中，做状语： 介词on + 先行词 （介词短语在句子中做状语） = I will never forget the day when I first met you on the seashore.when 在定语从句中，做时间状语 易错题型例句：I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in that school.  定语从句中，spent 缺少宾语。 a. This is the hospital.b. My mother works in the hospital. 合并成一个定语从句：This is the hospital in which my mother works .= This is the hospital where my mother works.where 在定语从句中，做状语。 易错例句：This is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday. 先行词 the hospital , 是动词visited 的宾语 .小结：1. when”、“where”和“介词 + which”，介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从   句中的动词。 例如：Do you still remember the day on which we first met in Nantong? ( on which=when) This is the room in which we lived last year. ( in which=where) 2. 有时定语从句中介词短语和动词有意义紧密的修饰关系，尤其在非限制性定  语从句中，常使用“介词 + which”结构，而不使用关系副词。 例如： My mother works in a factory, in front of which there is a small river. At night the soldiers got to a small hill, at the foot of which stood a farmhouse. 3. 关系副词“when”、“where”既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。  例如： I will always remember the day when I first visited the Great Wall.He came to Shanghai in 1980, when he was only 12. I dont know the exact spot where they will meet.Mr Wang will fly to Beijing, where he will stay for three months. 4. 有时关系副词“when”、“where”引导的限制性定语从句和先行词有间隔的  现象，是为了平衡句子的语法需要。 Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace? The days are gone forever when the Chinese people used “foreign oil.”. 复习：表原因的名词the reason + why + 定语从句why只用于the reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。 例句： That is the reason why I did the job.This was the reason why we raised the temperature.  总结： When（时间）at/ in/during+which Where（地点）= at/ in/ +which Why（原因）= for + which 例句：a. Hell always remember the day on which his father returned from America. =Hell always remember the day when his father returned from America. b.The factory in which his father works is the largest one in this city.= The factory where his father works is the largest one in this city. c.I dont know the reason for which he was absent today. =I dont know the reason why he was absent today.