人教版英语八年级上册 Unit 2 How often do you exercise_ 知识点及练习题（无答案）.docx
Unit 2 How often do you exercise?教学目标 使学生掌握课本的单词，短语，能熟读课文。教学重难点 掌握重点语法：频度副词Section A一、【重点单词】1. housework n. _ 2. hardly adv. _ 3. once adv. _ 4. twice adv. _ 5. Internet n. _ 6. program n. _ 7. full adj. _ 8. swing n. /v._ 9. maybe adv. _ 10. least adv. / adj. _二、【重点短语】1. _ 去买东西 2. _在周末 3. _ 几乎从不 4. _ 每周一次 5._ 每月两次 6._ 一年三次7._去看电影 8. _有空 9. _每天 10. have dance and piano lessons_ 11. 熬夜；深夜不睡_12. _ 打网球 13._ 至少；不少于；起码 三、 【语法专项】 频度副词（一）频率大小usually/ sometimes/always/often等词在英文中被称为“频度副词”，是用来表示动作频率的，但程度上有别。常见频度副词按频率大小排列如下：always（100%）>usually（80%）>often（60%）>sometimes（40%）>seldom（20%）>hardly (10%)>never（0%）（二）位置频度副词在句中习惯上位于be动词、助动词等之后，行为动词之前。1. 在be动词之后。如：She is sometimes very busy. 。2. 在系动词、助动词或情态动词之后。如：I will never forget this lesson. He can hardly say a word. 3. 在实义动词之前。如：We often go there. She never eats junk food. sometimes也可放在句首、句中或句末，often也可放在句末（一般不放在句首）。如：Sometimes she writes to me. =She writes to me sometimes. She writes to me often. 如果有两个助动词，频度副词通常放在第一个助动词后面。如：She must sometimes would like some ice cream. （三）提问 对频度提问用“How often?” e.g: -How often do you exercise? - Never. 【语法专练】1) - Did you go to the cinema last night?- Oh, no. I go to the cinema. The tickets, you know, are too expensive. A. always B. hardly C. usually D. often2) My sister goes to bed early because she needs a lot of sleep every day. A. always B. sometimes C. hardly D. never3) -Ms. Lin is very popular with the students. -Yes. Her classes are lively and interesting. A. always B. sometimes C. hardly D. never4) We play sports on school days. You know, we dont have enough time. A. often B. usually C. hardly D. ever5) -How often do you go shopping? - ever. I dont like shopping at all. A. Usually B. Never C. Hardly D. Always6) -I dont know you take a bus to school. -Oh, I take a bus, but it is snowing today.A. hardly B. often C. sometimes D. usually【辨析】特殊疑问句中与how相关的疑问词组用法：词组 词义 用法 答语特征how long 询问时间多长 how often 询问动作的频率 how soon 询问时间多久（用于一般将来时） how far 询问距离多远 how many 询问可数名词数量 how much 询问不可数名词数量 询问价格 四、【知识点讲解】1. help with housework 帮助做家务 1) help with sth. 意为“帮助做某事”。My little brother often _ _ _ at home. 我弟弟经常在家帮助做家务。（翻译划线短语，注意时态。） 2) housework 为_名词（填可数或者不可数），意为“家务劳动；家务活”。My mother often does the housework on weekends. 2. -How often do you watch TV? 你多久看一次电视？-Twice a week. 每周两次。 1) how often 意为“多久一次，多长时间一次”，用来提问频率。 How often do you go shopping?-_? （汉译英）你多长时间运动一次？ - -Three times a week. 每周三次。 2) twice a week 意为“每周两次”。 I go there twice a week. 注意： 英语中的“一次”为once；“两次”为twice；“三次或三次以上”用“基数词 + times”。three times 三次；_ 五次； many times许多次3. Whats your favorite program? 你最喜欢的节目是什么？ Whats your favorite ? 意为“你最喜欢的。是什么？”，可与What do you like best? 互换。因此，此句还可转换为“What program do you like best?”。 Whats your favorite animal? = _? 你最喜爱的动物是什么？4. Hi, Claire, are you free next week? 嗨，克莱尔，你下周有空吗？ free形容词，意为“空闲的；有空的”，反义词为_。be free意为“有空；闲着”，相当于have time。 Ill be free next week. = Ill have time next week. 5. next week is quite full for me 我下周会相当忙。 full 形容词，此处意为“忙的”。 Her life was so full that she cant have time for hobbies. 6. How come? 为什么呢？ How come? 意为“为什么呢？怎么会呢？”，相当于Why? / Why is it? / For what reason or purpose? 用于询问某事为什么会发生，或为什么会有某种情况存在。可单独使用，也可接陈述语序的从句。 How come you didnt tell me about it? = Why didnt you tell me about it? How come Tom didnt come to the party? = Why didnt Tom come to the party? 7. Oh, I have to play tennis with my friends. 噢，我得跟我的朋友们打网球。 have to 意为“_”，其后接动词原形，进行各种句式转换时需借助于助动词。I have to do my homework now. We dont have to go to school on Sundays. have to不得不，必须着重客观需要有人称、数和时态的变化-Does your mother have to get up early? 你妈妈不得不早起吗？-Yes, she does. 是的，她是。must必须着重于主观上自己以为有义务、有必要没有人称和数的变化I must go now. 现在我必须走了。8. I go to the movies maybe once a month. 我大概每月去看一次电影。 1) go to the movies 意为“_”。I went to the movies last night. He goes to the movies twice a week. 2) maybe 副词，意为“或许；大概；可能”，常位于句首。Maybe he knows the way to the park. 或许他知道去公园的路。maybe副词，作状语，意为“或许；大概；可能”Maybe you are right. 也许你是对的。may be属于“情态动词 + be动词”结构，意为“可能是”You may be right. 你也许是对的。9. How often do they stay up late? 他们多久熬一次夜？ stay up late 意为“_”。 It is not a good habit to stay up late. 熬夜不是个好习惯。 下次不要再熬夜了。_.（汉译英） 【拓展】stay up之后常与late, long或all night搭配，表示更加丰富的语意。 You mustnt stay up long. Tom often stays up all night playing computer games. 10. He plays at least twice a week. 他至少每周踢两次球。 at least 意为“至少”。其反义短语为at most，意为“最多”。 There are _ _ 1,500 students in our school. 我们学校至少有1500名学生。 It will take me at least 20 minutes to get to school. 11. hardly ever 几乎从不 hardly ever相当于hardly, ever起强调作用。hardly副词，意为“几乎不/没有”，相当于almost not。本身具有否定意义，不能再使用其他否定词。 She hardly ever eats anything. 她几乎什么都没吃。 Theres hardly any food left. 几乎没有剩下食物。hardly副词，意为“几乎不”He hardly works. 他几乎不工作。hard作副词，意为“努力地”；作形容词，意为“硬的；困难的”He works hard. 他努力工作。This is a hard bed. 这是一张硬（板）床。There were some hard questions on the exam paper. 易混易错be good at, be good for ,be good with与be good to1. be good at 意为“_”，后面接名词、代词或动名词，同义词组为_。 Lucy is good at drawing, while Lily is good at singing. = Lucy does well in drawing, while Lily does well in singing. Lucy擅长画画，而Lily善于唱歌。 他擅长说英语。_.（汉译英）2. be good for 意为“_”，后面接表示人或物的名词，反义词组为_。 Eating more fruit is good for your health. 3.be good with 意为“_”后面接表示人的名词. Are you good with old people?4. be good to 意为“_”，后面一般接表示人的名词。 Our English teacher is very good to us. 我们的英语老师对我们很好。 She is good to old people. 她对老年人很友善。【习题】1) Watching TV too much your eyes. -Ill go to bed right away. A. is bad for B. is good for C. is bad of D. is good of2) Please drink some milk. Its good your health. A. to B. for C. at D. withSection B一、【重点单词】1. health n. _ 2. score n._ 3. result _ 4. percent n._ 5. online adv. _ 6. program n. _ 7. though conj._ 8. through prep. _ 9. mind n._v.意义 _10.body n. _ 11. least _ 12.together _13. die v. _ 14.writer n._ 15. hardly _ 16. magazine n. _ 17. however adv. _ 18. nothing pron._ 二、【重点短语】1.早点睡觉_ 2. 对.有好处_ 3.在某人的业余时间_ 4. 例如；像.这样 _ 5. 去看牙医 _ 6. 多于_ 7. 少于_ 8. old habits die hard_9._ = _ 帮助做家务 三、【知识点讲解】1. But my mother wants me to drink it. 但我妈妈想让我喝它。 want sb. to do sth. 意为“_”。 She wants me to bring her some pens. I want my mother to drink some water. 2. She says its good for my health. 她说它（牛奶）对我的健康有好处。 1) health 不可数名词，意为“健康”；其形容词形式为_，意为“健康的”。副词形式为_，意为“健康地”。固定短语：_ _ = keep in good health，意为“保持健康”。Fresh air and exercise are good for the health. We should eat more vegetables to keep in good health. 3. Here are the results. 这是（调查）结果。 本句是here开头的倒装句。该句的主语为the results，here为表示地点的副词。 Here is your book. 这是你的书。4. And twenty percent do not exercise at all! 并且20%的学生根本不锻炼！ not at all 意为“一点儿也不”；根本不”。 I dont know about it at all. He didnt do his homework at all yesterday. 【拓展】 not at all 意为“没关系，别客气”，用来回答道歉或表示感谢的话。 (1)- -Im sorry Im late. 对不起，我迟到了。 -Oh, not at all, do come in. 奥，没关系，请进来。 (2) -Thank you very much. 多谢你了。 -Not at all. 不客气。5. The answers to our questions about watching television were also interesting. 对我们提出的有关看电视的问题的回答也颇有意思。 1) the answers to questions 为固定搭配，意为“.问题的答案/回答”。名词answer之后常接介词to，表示“.的答案”。类似的短语还有：the key to the door 门上的钥匙；the solution to the problem 这个问题的解决方式 Can you find out the answers to the questions? Your answers to this question is right. 2) interesting令人感兴趣的，有趣的可用作表语，主语常是事物；也可作定语interested感兴趣的常用于be / become interested in 结构，主语常是人 故事书 is interesting. sb. is interested in 故事书E.g : 这本故事书很有趣。_（汉译英）The girl is_ in the storybook. 这个女孩对这本故事书感兴趣。6. Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular. 尽管很多学生喜欢看运动类节目，但游戏类节目是最受欢迎的。 1) although 作连词，意为“虽然；尽管”，相当于though。用来引导让步状语从句。Although my grandpa is old, he looks very strong and healthy. Although it rained, the boys still played outside. = It rained, but the boys still played outside. 【练习题】 he was very tired, he continued working in his office. A. Since B. Although C. As soon as D. Because 2) the most popular 是popular的最高级形式，意为“_”。Who is the most popular TV star? 7. Its good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. 上网或看游戏类节目是很好的放松方式，但我们认为放松的最好方式是通过锻炼。 1) by doing sth. 意为“通过做某事”。by介词，意为“通过，靠”，此处表示方法、手段，其后可接名词、代词或动名词形式。He had to do all the work by hand. Mr. Green makes a living by teaching. 格林先生以教书为生。 【拓展】by + 交通工具（by后不加冠词），意为“乘 / 驾 / 坐。”。 She went to Qingdao by plane. 2) through 介词，意为“以；凭借；通过”。 He got the job through his friend. 8. Exercise such as playing sports is fun, and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together. 比如进行体育活动这种锻炼是有趣的，当你们一起运动时你可以和朋友、家人一起度过时光。1) such as 意为“例如；像.一样”，多用来列举同类人或事中的几个例子，such as之前一般用逗号和其他部分隔开，后面直接加名词性短语。There are many big cities in China, such as Beijing and Shanghai. 2) spend 及物动词，在此意为“度过”，还可表示“花费（时间、金钱等）”。 Come and spend the weekend with us. 来和我们一起过周末吧。9. Jane is a 16-year-old high school student in the United States. 简是一名16岁的美国中学生。 句中16-year-old为复合形容词，意为“16岁的”，复合形容词有两个特点：一是数词、名词和形容词之间要用连字符连接，二是数词后的名词用_形式。（单数，复数？） Li Bo is a 10-year-old boy. = Li Bo is a boy of 10 years old. 10. She usually watches TV for more than two hours a day 她通常每天看两个多小时的电视。 1) for 介词，表示“持续某段时间”。Every day, we have sports for one hour at school. 每天我们在学校进行一个小时的体育活动。 2) more than 意为“_”，与over同义。I live in Shanghai for more than ten years. 综合练习一 单项选择（ ）1. - _ do you exercise? - Hardly ever. A. How many times B .How often C .When D. How （ ）2. Jane_ stay up late because she didnt finished his homework. A. had to B .must C .should D .must to （ ）3.Tom studies _. He _plays with his friends. A. hard; hard B. hardly; hardly C. hard; hardly D. hardly; hard （ ）4. How often do you drink milk? - I dont like it, so I _drink it. A .always B .usually C. hardly ever D. often （ ）5. - Can I help you, boy? -Yes. There is_ wrong with my bike.A. something B .anything C. everything D. nothing（ ）6. - Steve, _do you play basketball after school? -Twice a week . It can keep me healthy. A. how far B. how soon C. how long D. how often（ ）7. Most of the young people enjoy _Jay Chous songs. A. sing B. sang C. singing D. to sing（ ）8. Zhou Feng has learned English for many years, but he can _understand the English speakers.A. hardly B. certainly C. always D. almost（ ）9. She _know the answer, but Im not sure. A. maybe B. may be C. may D. must（ ）10.There are a few _but little _in the cupboard. A. apples; coffee B. coffee; apples C. apple; coffees D. apple, coffee（ ）11. My dad _ a teacher when I grow up . A. wants me to B .wants me to be C. wants me D. wanted 二.完形填空(每小题1分，共10分)A lot of students are having all kinds of sports on the sports field. A football game is going on right now 1_Class 3 and Class 4. We don't know which team will 2_. Look at those people over there! Some students of Class 1 are practicing the 3_ jump. One of them is the best high jumper in the school. He practices hard every day. Many people think he will 4._the school record (纪录) at the sports meet next spring. Not far away from them, some girls are preparing for a race. They 5_have a 600meter race in ten minutes. Now on the corner of the field, you can see another group (群) of students. Their teacher is telling them 6_to throw discus (铁饼)In schools，7_ students love sports now. Sports help people to keep 8_. They also help people to live happily. And 9_ doing sports on the sports field, many people will 10_good friends, too. Do you think so?（ ）1. A.in B. of C. from D.between（ ）2. A.fall B. winning C. win D. falling （ ）3. A.longer B. far C. high D. tall（ ）4. A. break B. turn C. leave D. name（ ）5. A.were B. going to C. were going to D. will （ ）6. A.what B. how C. which D. that （ ）7. A.much and much B. most and most C. many and many D. more and more （ ）8. A.health B. tired C. healthy D. healthily（ ）9.A.in B. after C. before D. of（ ）10.A.become B. becomes C. became D. has become 三阅读理解A Are you looking for something fun and would you like to help others in your spare time? Then join us to be a volunteer（志愿者）! We're a non-profit organization(非盈利性组织). We have volunteer jobs of all ages. Anyone
