仁爱英语八年级下册重点短语句型及语法(17)(8).pdf

1仁爱英语八年级下册重点单词短语及其语法仁爱英语八年级下册重点单词短语及其语法Unit 5Topic11.You look excitedangrydisappointedupsetfrightened.你看起来兴奋/生气/失望/烦躁/惊恐。2.感官系动词：look 看起来 smell 闻起来 taste 尝起来 sound 听起来 feel摸/感觉起来3.系表结构：系动词+形容词go madget wetget angry4.go to the movies=go to the cinema=watchsee a film 看电影5.one of+形容词最高级+可数的复数形式Its one of my favorite movies.6.preparefor 为做准备7.say thanks to sb.向某人致谢8.be popular with受欢迎9.be kind cruel to sb.对某人友好残忍10.a ticket to 的入场券11.set the table 摆放餐具12.seem+adj.n.to do sth.Its seems that 似乎13.We are moved by the moving story.前者修饰人，后者修饰物14.be proud of 为而自豪15.be pleased with 为而高兴16.be worried about 为而担心17.be excited about at sth.对感到兴奋18.be sorry for 为而抱歉19.be interested in sth.对感兴趣20.be grateful to sb.对感激21.be afraid of(doing)sth害怕（做）某事22.be strict with sb.be strict aboutin sth.对严格要求23.be angry withat sb.be angry atabout sth.对生气24.be nervous about 对感到紧张25.be tired of sth.=be bored with sth.对感到厌倦26.be surprised at sth.be surprised to do sth.对感到惊讶27.can（not）=be（not）able to(不)能will（not）be able to（其将来时）28.have a temperature fever 发烧29.ring sb.up=call sb.给某人打电话230.care for=take care of=look after 照顾31.on the way to 在去的路上32.feel lonelylive alone前者形容词修饰系动词，后者副词修饰动词33.because of+n.代词|名词短语because+句子34.on+具体描述的时间段35.fall into 掉入fall down 倒塌36.in the end=at last=finally 最后e into being 形成、成立于38.be full of=be filled with 充满了，被填满了39.make peace with 与某人和解Unit 5Topic 21.do well badly in在做得好不好2.have a talk with sb.与某人交谈3.at ones age 在某个年纪4.make friends with sb.与某人交朋友5.tell jokes 讲笑话6.fail the exam=not pass the exam 考试不及格7.some suggestions=some pieces of advice 一些建议(前者可数，后者不可数）8.happen to sb.sth.（事情）发生在身上happen to do sth.碰巧9.take part in activities10.with the help of sb.11.all the time 一直12.take a walk=go for a walk 散步Unit 5Topic 31.calm down 冷静2.at the end of the months 在月末3.smile at life 笑对人生4.learn by oneself=teach oneself 自学 learn sth.from sb.向某人学习5.get together with sb.与某人团聚 get along（well）with sb.与某人相处（融洽）6.put on a play 上演剧目7in a badgood mood 处于不好好的情绪8.in goodbad health 处于好不好的健康39.in goodbadhighlow spirits 处于不好好高低的情绪10.make+宾语+doadj.n.make her laughexcitedmonitor11.let sb.do sth.让做12.get bake to sth.回到某事上 13.a sense of 的感觉Unit 6Topic 11.go on a three-day visit 进行 3 天的参观a one-meter tall boy 一个 1 米高的男孩an eight-year-old girl 一个 8 岁的女孩2.find out 查明 3.make a decision=decide to do sth.做决定4.hard soft sleeper 硬软卧5.at the price of 60 yuan60 元的价格6.in badgood condition 条件糟糕|好7.arriveat+小地方/in+大地方=reach=get to 到达8.total cost 总花费9.book a room=make a room reservation 预定一个房间10.tellask sb.(not)to do sth.11.a room without a bathroom or air conditioning12.a standard room for one person13.work out the cost of the trip 计算 work out the problem 解决e up with an idea 提出15.each2（riverstreet）every3either(两者之一)both=2 all3(肯定)none3（否定）16.have a good rest 好好休息17.in the open air 在户外18.an exciting experience 经历、可数 have no experience 经验、不可数19.places of interest 名胜古迹20.look forward to(doing)sth.期望做某事Unit 6Topic 21.be busy(in)doing sth.忙于做某事2.on vacation 在3.help sb.(to)do sth.帮做4.make a plan 制定计划plan to do sth.计划做某事e along with sb.跟随某人6.at the foot top of 在的脚下顶上47.spread over an area of 40 km2覆盖 40 多平方米8.at the beginning of 在的开始9.by the way 顺便问一下10.take out 拿出来11.on both sides of 在的两边on eacheither side of 在的每一边（两者）12.tell good from bad 辨别好坏13.in 在里 on 在（相接）to 在（相邻）14.pullpush 拉推15.step on 踩16.in all directions 四面八方17.take photos 拍照片18.push ones way out 挤开、推进（道路）19.out of sight 看不见20.get onoff 上下车21.cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事 cant help to do sth 不能帮忙做某事22.shout at sb.to do sth 对大叫23.have fun doing sth.高兴地做某事24.make ones dream=come true 实现25.everywhere=here and there 到处26.make sure 确保27.two and a half hours=two hours and a half 两个半小时Unit 6Topic 31.a traffic accident 交通事故2.be badly hurt=hurtbadly 伤得很重3.be crazy about sth.热衷于 be crazy about sb.迷恋、爱上.4.cause air pollution 造成空气污染5.get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事used to do sth.过去常常做某事6.in public 在公共场合7.die（动）dead（形）death（名）死8.slow down 减速 speed up 加速9.the opposite direction 相反的方向10.avoid doing sth.避免做某事11.run into 撞12.rush to 冲向513.careful-careless 细心-粗心 carefully-carelessly14.get a fine 罚款15.in danger 处于危险中 out of danger 脱离危险16.instead of doing sth 而不是17.use sth for(doing)sth=use sth to do sth 用做18.in trouble 处于麻烦中Im sorry to trouble you.不好意思打扰你了。19.leadtoled（过去式）20.ride into 跻身于21.in ones life 在某人一生中22.go on doing sthgo on with sth.继续23.fromto=fromtill 从到24.once again 再一次25.beak the record 打破记录set a new record 设立一个新纪录26.deal with the problems 处理这些问题27.warn sb.(not)to do sth.警告、提醒某人（不）做某事Unit 7Topic 11.know about 了解，知道情况2.hear of 听说过3.be born 出生于4.haveholda food festival5.raise money筹钱6.on the Internet 在网上7.cheer sb.up 使振作（高兴）起来8.western culture 西方文化9.keepget in touch with 与某人保持取得联系10.fried ricenoodles 炒饭炒面11.get sth.about sb.获得关于某人的信息12.would like to do=d like to do=want to do 想做某事13.turn to=ask sb.for help 向某人求助14.think about 思考，考虑think over 考虑think of 认为15.imagine(sb.)doing sth.Sb.imagine(that)+句子17.have(has)a sweet tooth=enjoy eating sweet food 喜欢吃甜食18.whats worse 更糟糕的是whats more 更有甚者however 然而619.形、副+enoughEg:goodwell enoughenough+名词 Eg:enough timefood20.India-IndianItaly-ItalianGreece-GreekAmerica-AmericanRussia-Russian Japan-JapaneseBritain-BritishCanada-CanadianAsia-AsianEurope-EuropeanAfrica-AfricanAustralia-AustralianChina-Chinese(前者国名，后者.国的）21.decide(not)to do sth.decide on sth.决定22.overon the phone=by phone 通过电话23.send out 发送 send for sb.请某人来 send off 送行send sth.to sb.发送某物给某人24.food festival 美食节25.invite to=invite sb.sb to do sth 邀请26.work at sth.致力于、努力做27.in order(not)to do sth.in order that=so that+句子为了28.enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事29.win（动）won（过去式）winner（名）win a match 赢得比赛beat sba team 打败某人一个队30.supply sth.to sb.提供某物给某人supply sb.with sth.提供某人某物31.success（名）successful（形）successfully（副）succeed（动）succeed in doing sth.成功做某事Unit 7Topic 21.try to do sth.尽力做某事try doing sth.试试做某事2.cook（煮或厨师）cooker（厨具）3.boiled water 开水（完成、被动）boiling water 正在沸腾的水（进行、主动）4.cut sth.up 将某物切碎 cutinto pieces 切片5.at once=immediately=right now 立即6.add to 添加在上addto将加在add up 加起来add up to 总计为7.firstsecondnextthenafterthatfinally首先、其次、再次、然后、之后、最后8.mind(ones)doing介意（某人）做某事9.well-better-best（副）good-better-best（形）hard-harder-hardest(形副)710.Help yourself to sth.,单人Help yourselves to sth.,多人11.for the first time 第一次12.table manners 餐桌礼仪a friendly manner 友好的态度13.had better(not)do sth.=d better(not)do sth.最好（不）做14.at the table 就餐 at table 在桌旁15.beginstart with 以开始 end with 以结束16.eat sth.up 吃完 ate（过去式）17.drink to sb.sth.为祝酒Lets drink to her health.18.point at sb.with sth.用某物指着某人19.remember to do sth.记得要做某事remember doing sth.记得做过某事20.finish doing sth.完成做某事21.around all overacrossthroughout the world 全世界22.different eating habits 不同的饮食习惯23.be far away from 远离23.be different from 反义词 the same as不同于24.pick up 捡起、接某人25.main course 主菜two courses两道菜两个课程26.in the southern part of Chinain the south of China 在中国南部27.easternsouthernwesternnortherncentral 东南西北中（形）Unit 7Topic 31.on sale 减价出售for sale 待售2.kind-hearted 好心的hard-working 努力工作学习3.in fact 事实上in short=in a word 简言之4.wish sb.succeed 祝某人成功.wish（sb.）to do sth.希望（某人）做5.order a meal 订餐order sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事6.e-mail sth.to sb.（动）send an e-mail to sb.（名）发 e-mail 给by e-mail（名）7.have a balanced diet 有个均衡的饮食8.beworth（doing）sth.值得（做）某事9.Its said that据说10.not onlybut also不但而且There be 句型eitheror 或者或 者8就近一致原则（bothand除外）Unit 8Topic 11.so that+句子如此.以至于 so+adj.+a(n)+n.+that=such+a(n)+adj.+n.+that2.so that+句子=in order to+V为了3.tooto do sth=notenough to do sth 太.而不能4.be made offromin(of 为看得见的材料，from 为看不见的，in 为物品制造地)5.花费：人+payfor人+spend+时间钱 on sth.in(doing)sth.物+cost+钱It+takes sb+时间 to do sth6.on birthdayson special daysat Christmasat noonin winterin the daytimein the old days7.dress 连衣裙着装8.catch ones eye 惹人注目9.as well as除之外（还有）except 除了.外（不再有）10.as well=too 也，置句末，否定用 either11.protect sb.sth.from sth.保护不受的伤害12.more than 不仅仅，比更多13.do exercise（不可数）do eye exercises（可数）14.as the saying goes 俗话说Unit 8Topic 21.make sth.for sb.=make sb.sth.给某人做某物2.look adj.on sb.穿在某人身上看起来3.allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事4.at work 在工作时5.make a survey about sth.做关于的调查6.carry out special tasks 执行特殊任务7.keepstop sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事stop to do sth.停下去做某事 stop doing sth.停下手中的事8.put ontake off穿上脱下9.on every occasion 在每个场合910.in our lives 在我们生活中 in the daily life 在日常生活中11.Its+adj.+that=Its+adj.+(for sb.)to do sth.做某事怎么样12.try on 试穿 13.according to根据14.advise sb.to do sth.=give sb.some advice on sth.建议某人做15.somesomeand others 一些一些另一些16.hide-hid 躲藏17.be suitable for sb.sth.适用于be suitable to do sth.适宜、得体做18.dress correctly 穿衣得体19.at the airport 在机场20.falling ceilings 天花板Unit 8Topic 31.There is going to be=There will be 某地将有2.model the clothes 展示服装3.in the middlecenter of 在中间 4.a traditional dress 一条传统的裙子5.in the world of在的领域6.stand for 代表7.another 3 models=3 moreother models8.as for sb.sth.至于某人|某物9.get ones name 得名于10.designas把设计成11.either of 两者中的任何一个，谓语为单数12.in the 1920s 20 世纪 20 年代13.become known toas=be famous tofor被某人所熟知|作为被人所熟知14.choice(名)choose（动）chose（过去式）选择15.widely known=well-known被所熟知16.at one time 曾经in the past 在过去17.out of style 过时in style 时髦18.outside a clothing store=out of a clothing store 在服装店外二、重点语法知识复习（一）动词不定式1、动词不定式的基本形式：to+动词原形，有时可以不用 to，这里的 to 是不定式符号，本身无词义，动词不定式的否定形式是 not+(to+)动词原形。2、动词不定式的句法功能：101)作主语动词不定式作主语时，常常用 it 作形式主语，而将真正的主语（动词不定式）放在后面。其结构为：It+be+adj.+(+forof sb.)+动词不定式。例句：（背过）To learn English well is useful.=It is useful to learn English well.It is important for us（保护环境）。It is not easy for us（学好英语）。注意：在 kind,good,nice,clever 等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用 for而用 of.It is clever of you to do like that.It is very kind of you to help me.2)做表语My work is to clean the room everyday.My job is to take care of the little babies.3)作宾语I like to play basketball.注意：一些谓语动词后只能用动词不定式作宾语，常见的这类词表示打算或者希望，例如：would like,want,wish,hope,decide,plan,except 等。I would like to see a film this evening.I hope to become a teacher in the future.在 find,think 等词语后，常用 it 作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语（动词不定式）放到句末。I find to learn English well is easy.=I find it easy to learn English well.I find（学好英语很难）。I dont think（独立完成作业很困难）。4)作宾语补足语不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主动关系。tell,ask,allow,get,encourage 等动词后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。Lucy asked me to turn down the radio.My mother encourages me to learn Japanese.5)作定语不定式作定语应放在被修饰词后面。There is nothing to worry about.11He was the best man to do the job.6)作状语动词不定式作状语，最常考的是作目的状语。Im sorry to trouble you.（表原因）I went to the library to study English.（表目的）To find a book in the library,enter a key word into the computer.（表目的）注意：动词不定式常和疑问词 what,which,when,where,how 连用，相当于一个宾语从句。The teacher is telling the students what to do.He didnt know where to go.（二）状语从句1、时间状语从句:常用 when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,assoon as 等连词来引导。It was raining hard（rain hard 下大雨）when got to school yesterday.He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.After he finished middle school,he went to work in a factory.注意：在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：Ill ring you up as soon as I get to New York.I will tell him everything when he comes back.He wont believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.2、条件状语从句(1)条件状语从句通常由 if,unless 引导。例如：What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?Dont leave the building unless I tell you to.(2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：Ill help you with your English if am free tomorrow.He wont be late unless he is ill.(3)“祈使句+and(or)+陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：Hurry up,or youll be late.=If you dont hurry up,youll be late.Study hard and you will pass the exam.=If you study hard,you will pass theexam.3.原因状语从句12原因状语从句通常由 because,since,as 引导。例如：He didnt come to school because he was ill.As it is raining,we shall not（不得；不应该）go the zoo.Since you cant answer the question,Ill ask someone else.3、目的状语从句(1)目的状语从句通常由 so that,in order that（为了，以便）引导。例如：We started early so that we could catch the first train.He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.We used the computer in order that we might save time.(2)so that 既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词 can,could,may,might 等。2)从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如：Speak clearly so that they may understand you.(目的状语从句)Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest.(结果状语从句)4、结果状语从句结果状语从句由 sothat,suchthat,so that 引导。例如：He is so poor that he cant buy a bike for his son.She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.My pencil fell under the desk,so that I couldnt see it.注意：在由 so.that 引导的结果状语从句中，so 是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是:“.so+形容词（副词）+that+从句”。例如：He was so glad that he couldnt say a word.The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever（几乎不，从来不）see her.在由 suchthat 引导的结果状语从句中，such 是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词 a 或 an。例如：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.（天花板）注意：如果名词前由 many,much,little,few 等词修饰时，只能用 so,不用such。例如：Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.5、让步状语从句(1)让步状语从句通常由 although,though 等连词引导。例如：Though he is young,he knows a lot.13Although I am tired,I must go on working.(2)although(though)不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说：Though it was raining hard,but he still went out.应该说：Though it was raining hard,he still went out.或 It was raining hard,but he still went out.（三）宾语从句:是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1.由 that 引导的宾语从句。that 只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：He said(that)he wanted to stay at home.She doesnt know(that)she is seriously ill.I am sure(that)he will succeed.2.由连接代词 who,whom,whose,what,which 和连接副词 when,where,why,how 引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Do you know who(whom)they are waiting foe?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I dont know why the train is late.3.由 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句。if 和whether 在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：I want to know if(whether)he lives there.He asked me whether(if)I could help him.注意：if 和 Whether 的区别1）由 连词 if、whether 引导的表示“是否”的宾语从句。Whether,if在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether 和 if 可以替换。例：I dont know if/whether he will come tomorrow.The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment.2）、下面几种情况只能用 whether和不定式连(whether to do sth.)用作宾语时不用 if 引导.例：Whether to go there hasnt been decided.They asked me whether to go shopping.宾语从句中有 or not 时不用 if 引导.例：I dont know whether the star will come or not.14在介词后面的宾语从句中不用 if 引导例：Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：I hear(that)physics isnt easy.I think(that)you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when well have the meeting.