高二暑假英语阅读专练（七）.docx

高二暑假英语阅读专练（七）AEverywhere man is altering the balance of natureHe is facilitating the spread of plants and animals into new regions, sometimes deliberately, sometimes unconsciouslyHe is covering huge areas with new kinds of plants, or with houses, factories, slag-heaps and other products of his civilizationHe exterminates some species on a large scale, but favors the multiplication of othersIn brief, he has done more in five thousand years to alter the biological aspect of the planet than has nature in five million  Many of these changes which he has brought about have had unforeseen consequencesWho would have thought that the throwing away of a piece of Canadian waterweed would have caused half the waterways of Britain to be blocked for a decade, or that the provision of pot cacti for lonely settlers wives would have led to Eastern Australian being overrun with forests of Prickly Pear? Who would have prophesied that the cutting down of forests on the Adriatic coasts, or in parts of Central Africa, could have reduced the land to a semi desert, with the very soil washed away from the bare rock? Who would have thought that improved communications would have changed history by the spreading of disease-sleeping sickness into East Africa, measles into Oceania, very possibly malaria into ancient Greece? These are spectacular examples; but examples on a smaller scale are everywhere to be foundWe make a nature sanctuary for rare birds, prescribing absolute security for all species; and we may find that some common and hardy kind of bird multiplies beyond measure and ousts the rare kinds in which we were particularly interestedWe see, owing to some little change brought about by civilization, the starling spread over the English country-side in hordesWe improve the yielding capacities of our cattle; and find that now they exhaust the pastures which sufficed for less exigent stock1The following examples except _ reflect man altering the balance of nature Aman is covering huge areas with new kinds of plants Bman is facilitating the spread of animals into new regions Cman is killing some species on a large scale Dman is getting to know the importance of keeping the balance of nature2What had a piece of Canadian waterweed cause?  AEastern Australian was overrun with forests BHalf the waterways of Britain blocked for a decade CIn parts of central Africa, the land reduced to a semi desert DDisease-sleeping has been caused3What have spread diseases?  ADisease-sleeping sickness       BMeasles CImproved communications      DMalaria4We make a nature sanctuary for rare birds but _.Asome common and hardy kind of bird multiplies    Brare kinds multiplyCall bird multiply                              Dno bird multiply5The main idea of the passage is _ Athat man is deliberately destroying the balance of natureBthat man has foreseen the consequences of altering the balance old natureCthat improved communications have changed historyDthat man is altering the balance of nature BThe way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, pain free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment （预担的义务）, self - improvement.Ask a bachelor（单身汉） why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole nights sleep or a three - day vacation. I dont know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.6According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because _ .A. he is reluctant to take on family responsibilitiesB. he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains singleC. he finds more fun in dating than in marriageD. he fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and excitement7Raising children, in the authors opinion is _ . A. a moral duty                           B. a thankless job C. a rewarding task                        D. a source of inevitable pain8From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems from _ . A. hatred B. misunderstanding C. prejudice D. ignorance9To understand what true happiness is one must _ .A. have as much fun as possible during ones lifetimeB. make every effort to liberate oneself from painC. put up with pain under all circumstancesD. be able to distinguish happiness from fun10What is the author trying to tell us? A. Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain B. One must know how to attain happiness. C. It is important to make commitments.    D. It is pain that leads to happiness.CSo long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that“ reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”.Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also public activity. It can be seen and observed.Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny.If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable ,what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest（探索）for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children. ”When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of leaning to read by reading.11The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that _.A. it is one of the most difficult school coursesB. students spend endless hours in readingC. reading tasks are assigned with little guidanceD. too much time is spent in teaching about reading12The teaching of reading will be successful if _.A. teachers can improve conditions at school for the studentsB. teachers can enable students to develop their own way of readingC. teachers can devise the most efficient system for readingD. teachers can make their teaching activities observable 13The underlined word“ scrutiny” most probably means“_”.A. inquiry B. observationC. control D. suspicion 14According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when _.A. children become highly motivatedB. teacher and learner roles are interchangeableC. teaching helps children in the search for knowledgeD. reading enriches childrens experience15The main idea of the passage is that _.A. teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to readB. teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possibleC. reading ability is something acquired rather than taughtD. reading is more complicated that generally believed完成后请自行核对答案：1-5  DBCAD 6-10 ACBDA  11-15  DBBAC