牛津版（深圳 广州）英语九下 Unit 4 Natural disasters 第3课时（Grammar语法）导学案（无答案）.doc

第3课时 Grammar语法课堂语法精讲(一)it作代词的用法it作代词时，除了作人称代词之外，还有以下用法：1.it用来指除人以外的一切生物和事物，可指时间、距离、天气、温度、度量等。What's the weather like today?今天天气怎么样？It's sunny.很晴朗。2.it可用来代替指示代词this和that。What's this/that?这/那是什么？It's an apple.是苹果。3.it指婴儿或不明身份的人。Is it a boy or a girl?是男孩还是女孩？(二)it作形式主语 当不定式、动名词、从句等用作主语时，为了避免头重脚轻，通常在句首使用形式主语it，而把真正的主语放在句子末尾。其常用的句型有： 1. It takes (+sb.)+some time+to do sth.意为“做某事花了(某人)多少时间”。 It will take half an hour to walk there.步行到那里需要半个小时。2.it is+adj.(for/of sb.)+to do sth. 如果形容词是描述事物的，如difficult，easy，important等，用for；如果形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的，如kind，clever，nice等，则用of。 It's important for us to work hard.努力工作对我们来说很重要。 It is very kind of you to lend me the book.你把书借给我实在太好了。 3.It is+adj./n.+that从句，其中that从句是真正的主语。 It's a pity that he hasn't passed the exam.他没通过考试真遗憾。 4.It+系动词(seem, appear)+从句，意为“似乎/看起来”。 It seems that he knows everything.他好像什么都知道。(三)it作形式宾语 当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语it，而将真正的宾语移至句末，其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(或从句)”。其常用的句型有： 1.sb. thinks/finds/believes+it+adj.(+for sb.)+ to do sth.意为“某人认为/发现/相信做某事(对某人来说)是的”。 He found it easy to work out the Maths problem.他发现算出这道数学题很容易。2.sb. thinks/finds/believes+it+adj.+that从句，意为“某人认为/发现/相信”。I think it necessary that everyone should do something to protect the environment. 我认为大家都有必要为保护环境出一份力。 3.sb. thinks/finds/believes+it+n.+to do sth.意为“某人认为/发现/相信”。I think it my duty to help him.我认为自己有责任帮助他。课堂精练.按照句子结构的语法性，在空格处填入一个适当的词1. _ is not easy to ask her to stop.2. _ was on Sunday, an American friend of mine came to see me.3. _ is a very long way from here to Shenzhen Bookstore.4. I found _ hard to go to sleep.5. _ took me a week to finish reading the book.用合适的代词填空1. _ is raining heavily outside.2. This is not my dictionary. _ is Lily's.3. _ is 7 o'clock. Let's go to school.4. _ is necessary for us to exercise every day. 5. How far is _ from here to the cinema?6. _ seems that she is happier than before.阅读填空 请阅读全文，并从下列方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。A. If you have a bad immune system, you can be infected more easily.B. Avoid close contact with people in the outside.C. Take your temperature each day for 14 days.D. If you want to go out, you should wear a hat.E. It can protect you and others from getting infected.F. As normal people, here's what you should do to play your part.Recently, COVID-19 has spread quickly all over the world. In order to deal with the outbreak, the Chinese government has taken some strong action. Thousands of doctors and nurses have also fought at the front. 1._Stay at home. Don't go out unless you don't have anything to eat. If you come back home from other cities, especially Wuhan, Hubei Province, tell the community and stay at home alone. 2._ If you have a fever or cough, then go to hospital at once!Wear masks outdoors. Wearing a mask is one of the most effective ways. 3._ A mask is also needed to prevent you from spreading germs (细菌) to others. Avoid going to crowded places such as hospitals, railway stations and airports. But if transport or movement is necessary, do wear a mask. Wash your hands frequently and properly. Wash your hands with soap and running water thoroughly (彻底地) for at least 15 seconds. Especially after you come back from the outside.Exercise regularly. This is one of the most important ways to help you stay away from infection (感染). 4._ So have some exercise to make your immune system (免疫系统) stronger.5._ If possible, you can always be two metres away from another person.If we do these, we believe we will definitely hug the warm spring!课后巩固 请完成作业本相关练习