中考词汇复习专练.doc

词汇重点、难点、考点一、重点是：(1)常见的构词法1)合成词：合成词是由两个或两个以上的词构成一个新的词。如：blackboard(黑板)，newspaper(报纸)，afternoon(下午) ,pencil-box(铅笔盒)。2)派生词：派生词是由词根加派生词缀构成的词，词根是派生词的基础，同一词根加不同的派生词缀可以表示不同的意义，还可以表示不同的词的词性。动词变名词：后缀erdrive(驾驶)driver(驾驶员)teach(教)teacher(教师) read(阅读)reader(读者) 后缀orinvent(发明)inventor(发明家) visit(访问)visitor(访问者) 后缀tioninvent(发明)invention(发明) operate(手术)-operation(手术)名词变形容词：后缀y wind(风)windy(刮风的) sun(太阳)sunny(晴朗的) 后缀fulhelp(帮助)helpful(有帮助的) care(小心)careful(小心的) 后缀lyfriend(朋友)friendly(友好的)形容词变名词：+后缀nessgood(好的)goodness(善良，美德) kind(和善的)kindness(和善)形容词变副词：后缀lybad(坏的)badly(糟糕地) quick(快的)quickly(迅速地)改变词义：前缀unhappy(高兴的)unhappy(不高兴的) usual(平常的)unusual(不平常的)转化词：转化词是指由一种词类转用作另一种词类的词。例如：hand(n .)手， hand(v .)传递， dry(adj .)干燥的， dry(v .) 烘干说明初中总复习中，词汇的复习十分重要。掌握单词和词组的用法是学好语言的前提之一。没有一定的词汇量，不掌握词语的基本用法，就失去了英语知识复习的基础，也就更谈不上灵活运用和综合分析能力了。(2)词形变化英语词汇的词形变化除了前面讲的词根派生词缀构成的派生词的变化外，还存在有一些单词词尾的屈折变化，它们是：1)表示名词复数的词形变化。例如：handhands(手)picturepictures(图片) knifeknives(小刀)citycities(城市)2)表示形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的词形变化。例如：cheapcheapercheapest(便宜的) latelaterlatest(迟来的，迟来地) earlyearlierearliest(早的、早地)3)表示动词一般现在时第三人称单数的词形变化。例如：cleancleans(打扫)catchcatches(按住) carrycarries(携带)4)表示动词过去时和-ed分词的词形变化。例如：catchcatched(捉住)carrycarried(搬运)closeclosea(关闭)stopstopped(阻止)5)表示动词-ing分词的词形变化。例如：walkwalking(走)makemaking(做)sitsitting(坐)二、难点是：如何运用词或词组。三、考点是：(1)单词拼写。(2)词形变化。(3)对词语的理解运用和相似词语的辨析。有关词汇的考题在中考中有10分左右。一根据句意和所给中文，写出正确形式的英文单词1.I live with my family in a _ house. （木头的）2.Is Kates room very _? （整洁） 3.You should keep _ in the library. （安静）4.There are two _ books in our library. (千)5.There are _ (百万)of people in this _ （镇）. 6.I have a cat. _ name is Mimi. (它的) 7.When I _, I will call you. (到达)8.September is the _ month of a year. (nine) 9.The sea looks beautiful in a _ day. (sun)10.Go _ the bridge and youll find the hospital. (穿过)11.Im her best friend, so she often _ her happiness with me. (分享)12._ people in our city live in tall buildings. (mostly)13.How many _ are there at the reataurant? (wait)14.Simon cant speak Japanese, _. （也） 15.All of the books are on these _. (shelf)16.What present shall we give Sandy for her _ birthday? (twenty)17.Its too cold and _. We cant go out. (rain)18.There is _ (little) air _ (pollute) in Yangzhou now.19.There are some _ (west) restaurant in this city.20.This kind of milk tastes really _. (极好的)二适当形式填空1. She asked the librarian_(polite), “Is reading_(help)?”2. When he got home, he found his key _(miss). 3. What was _(bad), she lost five more books.4. The sick man is getting _(ill) than yesterday.5. We all wish to do the work better with_(little) time and _(few) people.6. His mother is _(friend) than I think. 7. Im sorry, I cant tell you the _(true). Its a secret.8. Its about fifteen _(minute) walk from my home to school.9Our English teacher often makes his lessons _(live) and interesting.10. Jim says that he will improve _(he).11. Its such an _(interest) film that all of us are _(interest) in it.12. Teachers Day comes at the b_ of the new term.13. I was ill yesterday. (bad) 14. In Book III , the _(twenty) lesson is the most difficult.15. Of all the students he is_(good) at English.16. Edison was a great . During his life he had many .(invent)17. There are lots of _(colour) clothes in the market.18. I think traveling by train is _(enjoy) than traveling by car.19. The house caught a fire. The wounded man was carried to . (safe)20. You must drive as _(safe) as possible 三根据短文内容和首字母的提示，把所缺单词填写在短文后面的横线上。Many students often c 70 about school. They might feel they have too m 71 work to do sometimes, or think the rules are too s 72 . We must learn how to change these “problems” into “challenges”. Education is an important part of our d 73 . As young adults, it is our d 74 to try our best to deal with each challenge in our education with the h 75 of our teachers.70. c 71. m 72. s 73. d 74. d 75. h Some western countries insist that China is one of the worlds biggest greenhouse gas emitters （温室气体排放者）. But in fact our government has taken actions a 1 to struggle with climate change.Firstly, the public are educated to p 2 more attention to the environment. As the government expects, the people have reached a very h3 level of knowing low-carbon economy（低碳经济）. I 4 you watch TV, listen to the radio or read newspapers, youll find low-carbon lifestyle has become a fashion. Secondly, developing renewable energy is another action. The government is b 5 many wind farms and solar power stations in the deserts. Of course, w 6 a long time, China will continue using the coal. At the same time, the government has been making l 7 to punish those people who dare to destroy the environment. Besides, some s 8 have suggested that greening the deserts is more important than developing new forms of energy. Their l 9 research shows that 80% of the CO2 in the atmosphere comes from land use.As we know, China hasnt a 10 a balance between the green lifestyle and the economic growth, but we are on the way. Well take more actions to reduce the greenhouse gas emission.1_2_3_4_5_ 6_ 7_ 8_ 9_ 10_ 【答案】46 actively47 pay48 high49 If50 building51 within 52 laws 53 scientists54 latest 55 achieved