跟不定式短语作宾语的介词.doc

跟不定式短语作宾语的介词 一般来讲，介词后不跟动词不定式短语作宾语；但about, besides, but, except, than等介词后有时可跟不定式短语作宾语。现举例说明如下：    1.about    about主要与be连用，后面作宾语的不定式短语要带to。如：    Joan was about to go to bed, when David called her up.    戴维打电话来时，琼正要上床睡觉。    They're about to start.他们马上要动身了。    He was about to say something more, then he changed his mind.    看他本来想再说些什么，后来改变了主意。    2.but    but后面作宾语的不定式短语一般要带 to。如：    He lives for nothing but to make money.他活着不为别的，就是为了赚钱。    She desires nothing but to further her studies a broad.她只想出国进修，别无其他愿望。    All the countries have no choice but to unite a gainst terrorism.    所有国家没有别的选择，只有联合起来对抗恐怖主义。    但句中的谓语动词是实义动词do/does/did/ done时，或在cannot/could not but, cannot/could not help but, cannot/could not choose but之后时，作宾语的不定式短语不带to。如：    "I thought you had planned to practice piano.""I did nothing but write letters all day."    “我原以为你准备练习钢琴了。”“我一天除了写信什么也没做。”    I cannot/could not but decline his offer.我不得不拒绝他的提议。    She could not help but cry when she saw her lost son.看见自己迷途的儿子时，她忍不住哭了。    We cannot choose but attend their wedding.我们只好参加他们的婚礼。    3.besides    besides主要用于口语中，因句中谓语多为实义动词do/does/did/done，故其后作宾语的不定式短语一般不带to。如：    What do you like to do besides swim?除了游泳你还喜欢什么？    Did he do anything besides his you?除了打你之外，他还有没有别的举动？    4.except    except后面作宾语的不定式短语一般要带 to。如：    He seldom comes except to look at my pictures。他除了看我的画外，很少来。    It had no effect except to make him angry.这只是使他生气，别无任何作用。    The windows were never opened except to air the room for a few minutes in the morning.    这些窗户除了早上通会儿风之外是从来不开的。    但句中的谓语动词是实义动词do/does/did/ done时，作宾语的不定式短语不带to。如：    Isn't there anything you can do except P1ay the computer?    莫非你除了玩电脑之外就没有别的可做吗？    I don't know what to do except consent to her re quest.    除了答应她的请求，我不知道该如何是好。    5.than    than后面作宾语的不定式短语一般要带 to。如：    Nothing pleased my mother more than to be told how good her dishes were。    使妈妈高兴的事莫过于夸她做的饭菜香。    To care for wisdom and truth and improvement of the soul is far better than to seek money and honour and reputation.    勤学好问、追求真理、修身洁行，这比追求金钱、贪图地位、争夺名声要好得多。    than前有do/does/did/done时，或在(would/ had)sooner.than,(would/had)rather.than后，不定式短语一般不带to。如：    We have nothing to do than test again.除了再试一遍之外，我们没有别的办法。    The hero would sooner be killed than turn against his country.    那位英雄宁愿被杀，也不肯背叛自己的祖国。    She would/had rather resign than work under the boss.    她宁可辞职也不愿在那个老板手下工作。    I prefer to go to the movies rather than see the beauty contest.    我宁可去看电影而不愿看选美比赛。