2021年职称英语考试卫生类A级试题及答案.docx

2021年度全国职称英语等级考试卫生类（A级）试题 第1部分：词汇选项（第115题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1.This was disaster on a cosmic scale.2.New secretaries came and went with monotonous regularith.A.amazingB.depressingC.predictableD.dull3.A person's wealth is often in inverse proportion to their happiness.A.eaualB.certainC.largeD.oppoite4.His professional career spanned 16 years.A.startedB.changedC.lastedD.moved5.The symptoms of the disease manifested themselves ten days later.A.easedB.improvedC.relievedD.appeared6.The group does not advocate the use of violence.A.limitB.supportC.regulateD.oppose7.She talt that she had done her good deed for the day.A.act B.homework C.jusuce D.model8.Some of the larget bieds can remain stationary in the air for several minutes.A.motionless B.sitent C.seated D.true9.There was an inclination to treat geography as aless imponant Subject.A.point B.resuit C.finding D.tendency10.His stomach felt hollw with fear.A.sincere B.respectful C.empty D.ternbieA.copy B.publish C.summarize D.funish12.That uniform makes the guards look absurd.A.serious B.beautiful C.impressive D.ridiculous13.The department deferred the decision for six months.A.put off B.arrived at C.abided by D.protested against14.The original experiment cannot be exactly duplicated.A.inventedB.reproducedC.designedD.reported15.The country was torn apart by strife.A.conflictB.povertyC.warD.econnmy参考答案: CDDCD BAADC DDABA第2部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.Feed Me BetterWhen British TV chef Jamie Oliver launched his Feed Me Better campaign in 2004 in schools in the Greenwich area of London with the aim of improving the diet of British schoolchildren, some people were skeptical about the impact it would have. Olivers highly-publicized television campaign to improve school lunches led to dramatic changes in the meals offered to pupils in the Greenwich schools. In order to achieve his aim Oliver needed to show schools how to swap(交换)cheap processed meals, which were high in saturated fat(饱和脂肪),salt, and sugar, for healthier options.Now, research at the institute for Social and Economic Research(ISER)has shown that Oliver s experiment did not only help pupils eat more healthily, it also resulted in them performing better at school in English and Science and in helping schools reduce their rates of absenteeism(缺勤). The ISER study, carried out by Michele Belont and Jonathan James, showed substantial positive effects, with the performance of 11-year-old pupils eating Olivers meals improving by up to 8% in Science and by as much as 6% in English. In addition, the number of children having authorized absences for sickness since 2004 showed a 14% decrease.16. The Feed Me Better campaign targeted a healthier diet at schoolchildren.A.Right B.Wrong c.Not mentioned17. Everyone believed the campaign should be successful.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned18. The ISER is an institute that does research on pupils performance in sport.A.Right B.Wrong c.Not mentioned19. The pupils in Greenwich said they liked the healthier meals.A.Right B.Wrong c.Not mentioned20. The number of pupils who asked for sick leave decreased.A.Right B.Wrong c.Not mentionedA.Right B.Wrong c.Not mentioned22. The healthier diet has helped schoolchildren improve academically.A.Right B.Wrong c.Not mentioned答案：ABBCA BA第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第2330题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第25段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。Aromatherapy(芳香疗法)4 However, while aromatherapy may have real effects that promote a sense of well-being, some traditional medicine practitioners remain doubtful about its powers. While research has confirmed that aromatherapy does have some positive short-term effects on most people, it also suggests that aromatherapy is not an actual science or medicine that should be used to treat illness. Furthermore, not all aromatherapy is considered beneficial to health. There are precautions which should be taken before having aromatherapy because some oils can have negative effects on people with certain medical conditions. The study of aromatherapy is relatively new and unexplored. More research needs to be conducted to make scientific conclusions about its use and effects.23. Paragraph 1_24. Paragraph 2_25. Paragraph 3_ 26. Paragraph 4_A. Doubts about the benefits aromatherapyB. Introduction to aromatherapyC. Personalized aromatherapy massageD. Different views about aromatherapyE. Aromatherapy and conventional medicineF. Current research into aromatherap 27. Aromatherapy is a mixture oil from parts of the plants to _.28. The sessions of aromatherapy massages are designed to _.29. Aromatherapy is believed to _ in various ways.30. The used and benefits of aromatherapy need to _.A. have healing effectsB. be used externallyC. be promotedD. help the disabledE. be further exploredF. suit different people参考答案：23-26：BCDA 27-30：AFBE第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文回答其后面的问题，为每题确定一个最佳答案。A recent poll for the charity Ramblers a quarter of adults walk for no more than an hour a week,but being active is known to reduce the risk of a number of cancers.This study, published in Cancer Epidemiology,Biomarkers&Prevention,followed 73.615 women out of 97,785 aged 50-74 who had been recruited by the American Cancer Society between 1992 and 1993,so it could monitor the incidence of cancer in the group.Baroness Delyth Morgan, chief executive of Breast Cancer Campaign,said:”This study adds further evidence that our lifestyle choices can play a part in influencing the risk of breast cancer and even small changes incorporate into our normal day-to-day activity can make a difference.”findings into action and identify other sustainable lifestyle changes that will help us prevent breast cancer.”31. All of the following factors relating to cancer risk were mentioned in the passage EXCEPT_ A. breathing exercise B. regular walking C. recreational activity D. lifestyle choices32. It can be inferred from Dr. Alpa Patels study that_. A. women have fewer chances of physical activity B. daily walking could cut the chance of breast cancer 33. Dr. Alpa Patel was_. A. head of the survey study B. chief editor of Cancer Epidemiology C. chair of the American Cancer Society D. chief executive of Breast Cancer Campaign 34. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. Most women take walking as their only recreational activity. B. The study aims to track the health conditions of its subjects. C. Walking was the only recreational acitivity for about half of the women D. Irregular walking increased the risk of breast cancer in post-menopausal women 35. The word “sustainable”in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to A. continuable B. affordable C. available D. persistent参考答案：ABAAA第二篇 In 2008, the total UK CO2 emissions were 533 million tones 27% (144 million tonnes ) of those emissions came from the energy used to heat, light, and power homes. Transport emissions caused by passenger cars, buses and motorcycles accounted for a further 16% (87 million tonnes ) of the UKs CO2 emissions. These figures show that a significant amount of CO2 results from ordinary citizens carbon footprint in their daily activities and lifestyle.36. What is the authors main aim?A. To explain the greenhouse effectB. To describe the effects of climate change in the UKC. To show how much CO2 is produced by ordinary peoples activitiesD. To illustrate how industrial activity create the greenhouse effect37. What is the authors opinion about the level of CO2 emissions in the UK?B. CO2 emissions may cause climate change in the futureD. The average citizen does not create much CO238. CO2 emissions from vehiclesA. are a more serious problem than energy shortageB. do not cause any problemsC. are high because the average household owns a carD. contribute considerably to greenhouse gases39. The results of climate change in the UK can be seen inA. cooler summersB. water supplyC. warmer wintersD. stronger winds40. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Ways of reducing the UKs CO2 emissionsB. UK citizens carbon footprintC. The effect of industry on climate change in the UKD. Changes in weather patterns in the UK参考答案：BCDCC 第三篇 First Sell-contained Heart ImplantedA patient on the brink of death has received the worlds first self-contained artificial hearta battery-powered device about the size of a softball that runs without the need for wires, tubes or hoses sticking out of the chest.The patient had been expected to die within a month without the operation, and doctors said they expected the artificial heart to extend the persons life by only a month. But the device is considered a major step toward improving the patients quality of life.The new pump, called AbioCor, is also a technological leap from the mechanical hearts used in the 1980s, which were attached by wires and tubes to bulky machinery outside the body. The most famous of those, the Jarvic-7, used air as a pumping device and was attached to an apparatus about the size of a washing machine.“I think its potentially a major step forward in the artificial heart development,” said Dr. David Faxon, president of the American heart Association. However, he said the dream of an implantable, permanent artificial heart is not yet a reality: “This is obviously an experimental device whose long-term success has to be demonstrated.”Only about half of the 4,200 Americans on a waiting list for donor hearts received them last year, and most of the rest died. Some doctors, including Robert Higgins, chairman of cardiology at the Medical College of Virginia in Richmond, said artificial hearts are unlikely to replace donor hears.“A donor heart in a good transplant can last 15 to 30 years,” he said. “Its going to be hard to replace that with a machine.”41. The first two paragraphs tell that the sell-contained artificial heartA. had brought the patient to the brink of deathB. did not need to get power from outside the bodyC. was made of titanium and pumpD. was invented by two surgeons from the University of Louisville 42. According to the report, patient who received the first self-contained heartA. was said to be in a good condition the next day after operationB. could not afford a donor heartC. died two months after the heart implantationD. was reluctant to release his or her personal information 43. We can learn from Paragraph 4 that the Jarvic-7 isA. the most expensive mechanical heartB. a mechanical heart used in the 1980sC. as advanced as AbioCorD. replacing AbioCo44. According to Dr . David Faxon, the self-contained heart isA. a milestone in the artificial heart developmentB. still in the experimental stageC. an implantable, permanent artificial heartD. unavailable to all those Americans waiting for donor hearts45. It can be inferred from the passage that donor heartsA. will be replaced by self-contained artificial hearts sooner or laterB. are more popular and cheaper than self-contained artificial heartsC. saved the lives of about 2,100 Americans the year before the reportD. can help patients survive less than 15 years if they are in good transplant参考答案：CABB A第5部分：补全短文（第4650题，每题2分，共10分）下面的短文有5处空白；短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。Wrongly Convicted Man and His Accuser Tell Their Story A. Jennifer Thompson decided to meet Cotton and apologize to him personally.B. Many criminals are sent to prison on the basis of accurate testimony by eyewithnesses.C. I cannot begin to imagine what would have happened had my mistaken identification occurred in a capital caseD. Another trial was held.E. Thompson was shocked and devastated.F. During the attack, she made an effort to memorize eveery detail of his face, looking for scars, tattoos(纹身)，or other identifying marks.参考答案：FBEAC第6部分：完形填空（第5165题，每题1分，共15分）下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。More about Alzheimer's DiseaseScientists have developed skin tests that may be used in the future to identify people with Alzheimer's disease1 and may ultimately allow physicians to predict who (51) is at risk of getting this neurological disorder.' The only current means of diagnosing (52) the disease in a living patient is a long and expensive series of tests that eliminate every other cause of dementia.“ Since Alois Alzheimer described the disease (53) nearly a century ago，people have been trying to find a way to accurately (54) diagnose it in its early stages，” said Patricia Grady，acting director of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke in Bethesda, Maryland. "This discovery, if confirmed (55), could prove a big step forward in our efforts to deal with and understand the disease. ”Alzheimer's is the single greatest cause (56) of mental deterioration in older people, affecting between 2. 5 million and 4 million people in the United States alone (57). The devastating disorder gradually destroys memory and the ability to function，and eventually causes death. There is currently no known treatment (58) for the disease.Researches discovered (59) that the skin cells of Alzheimer' s patients have defects that interfere with their ability to regulate the flow of potassium in and out of the cells. The fact that the cell defects are present in the skin suggests that Alzheimer's results (60) from physiological changes throughout the body，and that dementia may be the first noticeable effect (61) of these changes as the defects affect the cells in the brain, scientists said.The flow of potassium is especially critical in cells responsible for memory formation. The scientists also found two other defects that affect the cells' supply of calcium, another critical (62) element.One test developed by researches calls for (63) growing skin cells in a laboratory culture and then testing them with an electrical detector to determine if the microscopic tunnels that govern (64) the flow of potassium are open. Open potassium channels create a unique electrical signature.A spokesman for the Alzheimer's Association said that if the validity of the diagnostic test can be proven it would be an important development (65), but cautioned that othe