高考英语二轮专题复习2018年高考英语语法填空真题讲解课件18张PPT.pptx

高考语法填空高考语法填空阅读阅读下面短文，在空白下面短文，在空白处处填填入入 1个个适适当当的的单词单词或括或括号内号内单词单词的正确形式的正确形式。（每小。（每小题题1.5分，分，满满分分15分）分）2018年全年全国国卷卷1 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal,runners live three years 1 (long)than non-runners.You dont have to run fast or for long 2 (see)the benefit.You may drink,smoke,be overweight and still reduce your risk of 3 (die)early by running.While running regularly cant make you live forever,the review says it 4 (be)more effective at lengthening life 5 walking,cycling or swimming.Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 6 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 7 (cause).试题展示试题展示 The best exercise is one that you enjoy andwill do.But otherwise its probably running.To avoid knee pain,you can run on soft surfaces,do exercises to 8 (strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes.Running is cheap,easy and its always 9 (energy).If you are time poor,you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports,so perhaps we should all give 10 a try.试题展示试题展示Part 1命题立意命题立意语法填空一般篇章短小，语法填空一般篇章短小，200200词左右。共词左右。共1010空，总分空，总分1515分。设空多样，考察全面。词分。设空多样，考察全面。词汇的考察主要涉及汇的考察主要涉及动词，名词，形容词和动词，名词，形容词和副词副词，冠词冠词,介词，连词介词，连词,代词代词。涉及的语。涉及的语法主要包括非谓语动词，定语从句，状语法主要包括非谓语动词，定语从句，状语从句，并列句，名词性从句，形容词和副从句，并列句，名词性从句，形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。填空类型分有提词的比较级和最高级等。填空类型分有提示词和无提示词，一般有提示词设题示词和无提示词，一般有提示词设题7 7空左空左右。右。Part 2学生的能力水平要求学生的能力水平要求20182018年语法填空是一篇讲述跑步益处的说年语法填空是一篇讲述跑步益处的说明文，明文，各语法知识点覆盖全面，难度适中。各语法知识点覆盖全面，难度适中。通过提示词和无提示词两种方式考察学生通过提示词和无提示词两种方式考察学生对实词和虚词的掌握。对实词和虚词的掌握。重点考察学生对重点考察学生对单单词的拼写词的拼写，语法的运用语法的运用，语篇的综合理解语篇的综合理解等能力，对学生的英语基本素养有一定的等能力，对学生的英语基本素养有一定的要求。要求。体裁体裁 有提示词有提示词说说明文明文形容形容词词 非非谓语动词谓语动词 时态时态 名名词词 词词性性转换转换 试题分析试题分析61.形容形容词比较词比较级级62,to do(不定式不定式)63,doing(动词动词-ing)64,一般现一般现在时在时67,名词复名词复数数68,名词变动名词变动词词69,名词变名词变形容词形容词Part 3 体裁体裁 无提示词无提示词说说明文明文 介介词词 关关系代系代词词 代代词词 试题分析试题分析70.it65.than 66.that 冠词冠词阅读阅读下面短文，在空白下面短文，在空白处处填填入入 1个个适适当当的的单词单词或括或括号内号内单词单词的正确形式的正确形式。（每小。（每小题题1.5分，分，满满分分15分）分）2018年全年全国国卷卷1 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal,runners live three years (long)than non-runners.You dont have to run fast or for long (see)the benefit.You may drink,smoke,be overweight and still reduce your risk of (die)early by running.While running regularly cant make you live forever,the review says it _(be)more effective at lengthening life_ walking,cycling or swimming.Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all (cause).试题展示试题展示longerto seedyingisthanthatcauses The best exercise is one that you enjoy andwill do.But otherwise its probably running.To avoid knee pain,you can run on soft surfaces,do exercises to (strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes.Running is cheap,easy and its always _ (energy).If you are time poor,you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports,so perhaps we should all give a try.试题展示试题展示strengthenenergeticit1.According to a review of evidence in a medical journal,runners live three years (long)than non-runners.第1题，考察形容考察形容词词的比的比较级较级。通通过过分析分析空空格之后的格之后的than可以知道括可以知道括号号中的形容中的形容词词需要需要变为变为比比较级较级，“比较级比较级+than+其他其他”为比较级为比较级句式。句式。要求要求学学生熟生熟练练掌握形容掌握形容词变词变比比较级较级，最高最高级级的的变变化化规则规则。解题策略解题策略Part 42.You dont have to run fast or for long_ (see)the benefit.第2题，考察非考察非谓语动词谓语动词。此。此处处是是动词动词不定不定式做目的式做目的状状语语，且，且与与主主语语之之间间是表示主是表示主动动关关系系。高考非高考非谓语谓语考察考察主要主要为这为这三三种种形式：形式：to do（不定式表（不定式表将将要要发发生或作生或作状状语语）,doing（现现在分在分词词表主表主动进动进行）行）,done（过过去分去分词词表表被被动动完成）。完成）。这这三三种种非非谓语谓语形式在句中可以形式在句中可以作作定定语语，宾补宾补和和状状语语。解题策略解题策略Part 4 3.You may drink,smoke,be overweight and still reduce your risk of (die)early by running.第3题，考察考察非非谓语动词谓语动词doing。介介词词of 之后之后接接动动名名词词作作宾语宾语。难难点：如何点：如何区区分名分名词词与与动动名名词词。动动名名词词强强调动调动作，名作，名词词表示抽象意表示抽象意义义。例：。例：after graduation/graduating。2.解题策略解题策略 4,5.While running regularly cant make you live forever,the review says it _(be)more effective at lengthening life_ walking,cycling or swimming.第4题，该该空是空是谓语动词谓语动词（be），要求），要求学学生能生能够够从从主主谓谓一致以及一致以及时态这时态这两个两个方面充分考方面充分考虑虑。根据空格前的根据空格前的“says”及语境可知，为一般现在及语境可知，为一般现在时时。时态时态要求要求学学生生从从整体的角度分析，准确判整体的角度分析，准确判断断使用一般使用一般现现在在时时。第5题，这这是一是一个个句意理解的句意理解的题题目，如果不目，如果不理解句子可能就理解句子可能就会会出出现错误现错误。学学生可生可根据上文根据上文more effective来来判判断断所所填填的的词应该词应该是是than。2.解题策略解题策略6,7.Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all _(cause).第6题，考察定考察定语语从从句句。高考定高考定语语从从句常用句常用来来考察考生考察考生对对定定语语从从句中句中关关系代系代词词和和关关系副系副词词的使用。的使用。区区别别他他们们主要主要来来看他看他们们在句中充在句中充当当何何种种成分，主要成分包括主成分，主要成分包括主语语，宾语宾语，状状语语。通。通过结过结合合语语境分析可知境分析可知该该空格后空格后内内容修容修饰饰的是的是study的内容，且该句缺少主语成分，因此用的内容，且该句缺少主语成分，因此用that或或which引导该从句。引导该从句。2.解题策略解题策略第7题，考察的是名考察的是名词词的的单单复数复数形式，形式，也是也是高考必考的高考必考的内内容。容。cause作为原因时是可数名作为原因时是可数名词，同时根据空格词，同时根据空格前面的前面的all可知此处需要填其可知此处需要填其复数形式复数形式。8.To avoid knee pain,you can run on soft surfaces,do exercises to 8 (strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),第8题，考察考察词词性性的的变变化，名化，名词变动词词变动词的使的使用用。根据。根据语语境此境此处处是用是用动词动词不定式作目的不定式作目的状状语语，to之后自然是接之后自然是接动词动词原形，所以原形，所以填填strengthen。要求要求学学生生积积累累单词单词不同不同词词性性间间的的转换规转换规律。律。2.解题策略解题策略9.Running is cheap,easy and its always _ (energy).第9题，同同样样是是考察考察词词性性变变化化。Be动词动词之后之后通常通常接的是形容接的是形容词词，构构成主系表成主系表结结构构。10.If you are time poor,you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports,so perhaps we should all give a try.第10题，考察的是考察的是无提示无提示词词中中宾语宾语缺失的缺失的问问题题，用代用代词词it。it通常通常会会被用被用来来指代上文出指代上文出现过现过的的内内容。在容。在这这里指里指代上文提到的代上文提到的running。2.解题策略解题策略 Four stepsStep 2 “tip-given”first,“no-tips”secondStep 3 Read the left sentences carefully to narrow the range and find the left answer.Step 1 Read the whole passage and get the main ideaStep 4 Read every sentence very carefully to make sure if you are right.语语语语法法法法填填填填空的解空的解空的解空的解题题题题步步步步骤骤骤骤Part 5欢迎各位领导和同仁欢迎各位领导和同仁多多批评指正！多多批评指正！