[地方教师公开招聘考试密押题库与答案解析]江西省教师公开招聘考试中学英语真题2016年(初中).docx

地方教师公开招聘考试密押题库与答案解析江西省教师公开招聘考试中学英语真题2016年(初中)地方教师公开招聘考试密押题库与答案解析江西省教师公开招聘考试中学英语真题2016年(初中)江西省教师公开招聘考试中学英语真题2016年(初中)第一部分 客观题. Vocabulary and StructureDirections: In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.问题:1. When I saw Tom, I stopped and smiled, but he _ me and walked on.A.ignoredB.refusedC.deniedD.missed答案:A解析 考查动词辨析。句意为“看见汤姆时，我停了下来，笑了笑，但是他不理睬我，继续走路”。ignore“忽视，不理”，refuse“拒绝”，deny“否认”，miss“想念，错过”。根据语境可知，A项正确。问题:2. The man's _ was described as impatient in contrast to his wife's.A.characterB.personalityC.natureD.property答案:A解析 考查近义词辨析。character尤指品性，品质方面的“性格”，指一个人所特有的、与他人不同的特性、特征，它决定一个人对待生活中重大问题的态度。例句：His character is very different from his wife's.他和他妻子的性格迥然不同。personality多指为人处事方面与众不同的“个性、风度”，尤指能感染人的性格特征。例句：His personality left a deep impression on us. 他的个性给我们留下了深刻的印象。nature指天生的、无法改变的性格或品质；property专指某物所固有的、真正的、本质特性，属性，一般不用于指人。故此题选A。问题:3. His decision to sail _ his belief that the world was round.A.counted onB.rested onC.depended onD.rested with答案:B解析 考查动词短语辨析。句意为“他决定进行航行，源自于他相信地球是圆的”。count on“指望，依靠”；rest on意为“建立在基础之上”，相当于be based on，是基于(自己认可的)理论或主张，有主观的倾向；depend on意为“依靠，依赖”，有客观的因素；rest with“在于，取决于”。根据语境可知，B项最符合题意。问题:4. The plain occupies the west, south and central parts of the continent, though considerable variations are to be found over so _ an area.A.expensiveB.expansiveC.extensiveD.intensive答案:C解析 考查形近词辨析。expensive“昂贵的”，expansive“扩张的，膨胀的”，extensive“广泛的，广阔的”，intensive“加强的，集中的”。根据题意，应选C。问题:5. _, I agree with you. Practically speaking, however, I don't think your idea would work.A.In generalB.In publicC.In practiceD.In principle答案:D解析 考查介词短语辨析。in general“通常，大体上，一般来说”，in public“公开地，当众”，in practice“实践中，实际上”，in principle“大体上，原则上”。根据句意，应该是“原则上，我同意你的意见，但从实际来讲，我不认为你的想法是可行的”。故选D。问题:6. _ might be expected, the response to the question was very mixed.A.AsB.ThatC.ItD.What答案:A解析 考查as引导的非限制性定语从句。as作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句。as在从句中作expected的宾语，意为“如，正如一样”。全句意为“正如所预料的那样，对这个问题的反应各式各样”。问题:7. _ I sit here by the window? Yes, of course you _. A.May; mightB.Might; mightC.Could; canD.Could; could答案:C解析 考查情态动词的用法。could是can的过去式，might是may的过去式，这四个均可以用来表示请求和许可。表示请求时，用could, might比can, may语气更委婉，但表示允许时，一般不用could, might。故排除A、B、D，选C。问题:8. As they usually receive the same score in standardized examinations, there is often disagreement as to _ is the better student, Bob or Helen.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.whose答案:A解析 考查宾语从句的引导词。引导词在从句中做主语，而whom在从句中必须作宾语，排除C；whose在从句中充当定语，而不能作主语，排除D。从句的逻辑主语是人，但因为是有范围的选择(Bob or Helen)，因此用which而不用who引导从句，作as to的宾语。句意为“因为鲍勃和海伦在考试中总是得到同样的分数，所以关于他们俩谁是更好的学生，总是有分歧”。问题:9. Do you think living in the country has advantages? _. A.Yes, it isB.Yes, perfectlyC.Nothing at allD.Well, that depends答案:D解析 考查交际用语。这句话是问“你认为住在农村有好处吗?”，很显然，A、B、C的回答都不符合。只有D项和上句语意连贯，意思是视情况而定，即说不准。问题:10. It was the training that he had as a young man _ made him such a good orator.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who答案:A解析 考查强调句。该空用that构成强调句型的基本框架：It was+被强调部分+that+其他部分，强调的是the training (that he had as a young man)。整句意为“正是他年轻的时候所接受的训练使他成为一名如此优秀的演说家”。问题:11. How do you know that Mary was angry? I could tell _ her face. A.forB.withC.toD.by答案:D解析 考查固定搭配。tell by为固定搭配，意为“根据判断”。句意为“我从玛丽脸上(的表情)可以看出她生气了”。问题:12. Every teacher and pupil at Eton Girl's college is proud of _ school.A.hisB.herC.theirD.one's答案:B解析 考查物主代词。every teacher and pupil里的every同时修饰teacher and pupil，这里teacher and pupil要看成一体，译为师生。又因为是“伊顿女子学院”，所以后面用物主代词her。英语中还有一些短语虽然有and连接，但从语法角度讲仍是单数，如：each.and each., every.and every., no.and no.等。问题:13. Suppose you were given a chance to go abroad, _ you accept?A.wouldB.willC.shallD.do答案:A解析 考查助动词。suppose用作连词，引导条件状语从句，其意为“假若”“如果”等，相当于连词if；与之相对应的主句通常为疑问句，可用于虚拟语气。例如本题中从句谓语用“动词过去式(动词be用were)”，则主句谓语用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”，主句变为疑问句时将助动词提前，故选A。句意为“假如给你一个出国的机会，你会接受吗?”问题:14. Bob, _ Japanese at college, offered to translate the article for me.A.learnedB.having learnedC.being leanedD.to have learned答案:B解析 考查现在分词的完成时。句子的主干是Bob offered to translate the article for me，两个逗号之间的部分作状语。且“学习日语”在先，“主动翻译”在后，即动作先于谓语动作发生，所以用现在分词的完成形式。故选B。问题:15. Have you gone to see the doctor? No, but _. A.I goB.I'm going to seeC.I go to seeD.I'm going to答案:D解析 考查时态及省略。根据前面的问句“你去看过医生了吗?”及答句里的“No, but.”可推断“我正准备去看医生”。be going to (do sth.)意为“准备做某事”，D项是将see the doctor省略了。B项如果是I'm going to see the doctor就对了。故选D。问题:16. Mr. Wilson said that he did not want to _ any further responsibilities.A.take onB.get onC.put upD.look up答案:A解析 考查动词短语辨析。take on“承担”，get on“上(车、马等)，穿上，进展”，put up“建造，举起，张贴”，look up“查阅，仰视，看望”。只有A项符合语境，take on responsibilities意为“承担责任”。故选A。问题:17. I'll _ you off this time, but next time you will be punished.A.leaveB.letC.putD.set答案:B解析 考查动词短语辨析。leave off“停止，中断”，leave sb./sth. off“不把列入，不包括”，let off“饶恕，放过，不惩罚”，put off“推迟”，set off“出发，动身”。根据句意“这回我放过你，但下次你会受到惩罚”可知，B项正确。问题:18. This crop has similar qualities to the previous one, _ both wind resistant and adapted to the same type of soil.A.beingB.beenC.to beD.having been答案:A解析 考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构，空格后通常为以下两种形式：不定式或分词，前一种表示目的，后一种表示补充说明、伴随等。句子主语This crop与空格处的原动词逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语。句意为“这种农作物和先前的那种农作物特性相似，抗倒伏，并且适应同类土壤”。问题:19. I was greatly shocked by the way _ things were done there.A.howB.thatC.asD.which答案:B解析 考查引导定语从句的关系词。当先行词是表示“方式，方法”意义的way时，引导定语从句的关系词只能用that或in which，或者省略关系词。how不能引导定语从句。本句子如下说法都是正确的： I was greatly shocked by the way that things were done there. I was greatly shocked by the way in which things were done there. I was greatly shocked by the way things were done there. I was greatly shocked by how things were done there. 问题:20. Mr. Smith is an intelligent and stimulating teacher. _, he takes an interest in the personal well-being of his students.A.HoweverB.MoreoverC.ThereforeD.Anyway答案:B解析 考查副词辨析。句意为“斯密斯先生是一名智慧型老师，能够引发学生的兴趣。_，他关心他学生的个人幸福”。however“然而，可是”，表示转折；moreover“而且，此外”，表示递进；therefore“因此，所以”，表示因果；anyway“无论如何，不管怎样，表示让步。根据语境可知空格前后两句话之间是递进关系，故选B。. ClozeDirections: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Science is based upon observation. However, observation 1 is not science. Scientists generally state a problem. Then 2 guides them in their observations. But without observation people generally are not 3 of a problem. This then raises a question 4 comes first, the observation or the problem. Curiosity awakens a 5 for observation. Observation will usually 6 specific questions in the mind of a scientist. 7 his curiosity he begins to make observations. 8 , he formulates a specific statement that can be tested. This statement is called a hypothesis. It is the starting point for an experiment. 9 experimenting, the scientist tries to show or prove that the hypothesis is true 10 false. He must use good 11 to create an experiment that 12 the problem. The experiment must produce 13 information or data. The data gathered during the experiment are observations. Observations can be made directly and indirectly. For indirect observation, instruments are often used. 14 instruments used by modem scientists are quite simple, others are very 15 . To complete his experiment, the scientist must state his observations 16 numerical form. This means that he has to make measurements. With the results from 17 he can make more exact comparisons or descriptions to 18 his hypothesis. The results of a scientific experiment 19 on a logical hypothesis can often 20 a better understanding of the world and the universe. 1.A.aloneB.lonelyC.mereD.sole答案:A解析 考查形容词辨析。科学基于观察，但只有观察本身并不能称之为科学。alone用于名词或代词后，表示“仅仅”“只有”，符合文意。2.A.weB.itC.youD.they答案:B解析 考查代词。用it代替前面出现的problem。根据主谓一致原则也可排除A、C、D三项。3.A.knowB.regardlessC.awareD.informed答案:C解析 考查固定搭配。be aware of为固定搭配，意为“意识到，觉察到，知道”。句意为“没有观察人们通常发现不了问题”。4.A.whoB.whetherC.whatD.which答案:D解析 考查连接词。5.A.hopeB.needC.groupD.style答案:B解析 考查名词辨析及文意理解。根据语境可知此处意在表达“好奇心激起人们对观察的需要”。need“需要，需求”，符合文意。6.A.raiseB.ariseC.arouseD.rise答案:A解析 考查词语复现。7.A.SatisfyingB.Satisfying withC.To satisfyD.Satisfied with答案:C解析 考查不定式。为了满足他的好奇心，他开始去观察。用不定式作目的状语，故选C。8.A.AgainB.StillC.ThusD.Then答案:D解析 考查句子逻辑关系。根据上下文，应是“为了满足他的好奇心，他开始去观察。然后，他确切地阐述一份具体的可被测试的声明”。所以空格处填then。9.A.OnB.InC.ByD.At答案:C解析 考查介词用法。by“通过”，表示方式。科学家通过实验来证实自己提出的假设是否正确。10.A.notB.orC.norD.and答案:B解析 考查连词。or“还是，或者”，表示选择。科学家通过实验来证实自己提出的假设是正确的还是错误的。11.A.imaginationB.memoryC.capacityD.machine答案:A解析 考查名词辨析。imagination“想象，想象力”，memory“记忆，记忆力”，capacity“容量，容积”，machine“机器，工具”。四个选项中，与create最相关的是imagination，故选A。12.A.fitsB.fits forC.fits outD.fits in答案:A解析 考查动词fit的用法。科学家发挥想象力设计出一个针对这个问题的实验。fit“符合，适合”，符合文意。13.A.variableB.vagueC.validD.various答案:C解析 考查形容词辨析。variable“多变的”，vague“不明确的，模糊的”，valid“有效的，确凿的”，various“各种各样的”。应该是“有效信息或数据”，故选C。14.A.NoB.SomeC.AllD.Few答案:B解析 考查固定结构。some.others.为固定结构，意为“一些另一些”。15.A.convenientB.comfortableC.compoundD.complex答案:D解析 考查形容词辨析。16.A.onB.withC.inD.by答案:C解析 考查介词。为了完成实验，科学家必须以数字表格的形式来呈现自己的观察结果。in numerical form“以数字表格的形式”，符合文意。17.A.itB.theseC.thisD.that答案:B解析 考查代词。用these来指代上文的observations和measurements。18.A.researchB.proveC.approveD.improve答案:B解析 考查动词。通过更精确的比较和描述来证实他的假设。根据文意以及前文中也出现过prove，故选B。19.A.to baseB.basingC.basedD.being based答案:C解析 考查固定搭配。be based on“以为基础，基于”，过去分词短语based on a logical hypothesis作后置定语，修饰主语The results of a scientific experiment，相当于省略了that are。20.A.carry outB.lay offC.move onD.lead to答案:D解析 考查动词短语辨析。基于符合逻辑的假设，科学实验的结果往往能够使人们更好地理解世界和宇宙。carry out“施行，实现”，lay off“解雇，停止”，move on“继续前进”，lead to“导致”。D项符合文意。. Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this section, there are 3 passages. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.A Today's trumpet is one of the world's oldest instruments. It is the result of many centuries of development. Although it looks nothing like its ancestors, there are many similarities. All trumpets are hollow tubes. They are all blown. And they all use the player's lips to produce the basic sound. The trumpet developed as players and makers worked to improve its design, size, shape, material, and method of construction. They wanted to create an instrument that would produce a beautiful and attractive tone, enable the performer to play all the notes of the scale, extend the range higher and lower, make it possible to play more difficult music and, in general, be easier to play well. The remarkable way in which the modem trumpet achieves these goals is a measure of the success of all those who struggled to perfect this glorious instrument. The trumpet is actually the leading member of an entire family of related instruments. There are trumpets of several different sizes, and in several different keys. There are comets, bugles, and a number of others that are all similar to the trumpet in the way they are made and played. The trumpet family is much more than a group of related instruments that can stir one with their sound, or narrow tubes of metal capable of producing a variety of musical sounds. It is a link to many different periods of history and to people of many cultures. From the use of trumpets in ancient religious ceremonies to the part they play in modern rock bands, the trumpet family of instruments has much to tell about civilization and its development. 1. Which of the following can be inferred about the first trumpet players?A.They could not play all the notes of the scale.B.They had no difficulty improving upon the trumpet.C.They could not play simple tunes.D.They were not able to pick up the trumpet.答案:A解析 推断题。根据文章第二段中“They wanted to create an instrument that would., enable the performer to play all the notes of the scale,.”可推断出最初的小号演奏者不能演奏出所有音阶的音调。故选A。2. The underlined word "one" in the last paragraph could be best replaced by _.A.the listenerB.a familyC.the composerD.an instrument答案:A解析 指代题。根据下划线单词定位于最后一段第一句话“The trumpet family is much more than a group of related instruments that can stir one with their sound, or narrow tubes of metal capable of producing a variety of musical sounds.”。其中stir的本意是“搅动，激起”，这里指的是小号发出的音能激发听众，故选A。3. What's the best title for the passage?A.Recordings of the ScienceB.How the Trumpet Is UsedC.The Trumpet and Its AncestryD.How the Trumpet Is Made答案:C解析 主旨题。通读语篇可知，短文主要讲了小号和它的祖先，以及小号的发展历程与现状。所以C项“小号和它的祖先”最能概括文章的主旨，是最恰当的标题。B The American Revolution was not a revolution in the sense of a radical or total change. It was not a sudden and violent overturning of the political and social framework, such as later occurred in France and Russia, when both were already independent nations. Significant changes were ushered in, but they were not breathtaking. What happened was accelerated evolution rather than outright revolution. During the conflict itself people went on working and praying, marrying and playing. Most of them were not seriously disturbed by the actual fighting, and many of the more isolated communities scarcely knew that a war was on. America's War of Independence heralded the birth of three modern nations. One was Canada, which received its first large influx of English-speaking population from the thousands of loyalists who fled there from the United States. Another was Australia, which became a penal colony now that America was no longer available for prisoners and debtors. The third new comerthe United Statesbased itself squarely on republican principles. Yet even the political overturn was not as revolutionary as one might suppose. In some states, notable Connecticut and Rhode Island, the war largely ratified a colonial self-rule already existing. British officials, everywhere ousted, were replaced by a home-grown governing class, which promptly sought a local substitute for king and Parliament. 1. In the first paragraph, wha