[地方教师公开招聘考试密押题库与答案解析]河北省教师公开招聘考试中学英语真题2013年.docx

地方教师公开招聘考试密押题库与答案解析河北省教师公开招聘考试中学英语真题2013年地方教师公开招聘考试密押题库与答案解析河北省教师公开招聘考试中学英语真题2013年河北省教师公开招聘考试中学英语真题2013年第一部分英语课程与教学理论知识、单项选择题问题:1. _是20世纪80年代兴起的一种强调“做中学”的第二语言教学方法，这也将是我国外语课堂教学改革的一个走向。A.交际法B.任务型教学C.听说法D.探究型教学答案:B解析 任务型教学是一种强调“做中学”的第二语言教学方法。教育部制定的英语课程标准明确倡导“任务型”的教学途径，这将是我国外语课堂教学改革的一个走向。故本题选B。问题:2. 如果我们把语言看成是一种任意符号，而这种符号首先是有声的，我们在英语教学中就会强调口语教学，加强听、说方面的训练，我们会“听说领先”。如果我们把语言看做交际工具，我们会以能否成功地进行交际作为学习语言成功的标志，我们也会在教学中让学生参加各种语言交际活动，使学生在语言交际中学习语言。上述两个例子说明_。 A不同的语言观会使我们在英语教学中采取不同的态度和方法 B不同的语言观不会影响我们在英语教学中采取的态度和方法 c听说领先和交际能力的培养同等重要 D听说领先和交际能力的培养都不重要 答案:A问题:3. 在_里，教师是课堂教学的权威、知识的传授者和课堂教学的组织者。学生在教学中接受教师的教导并按教师的指示去做。A.语法翻译法B.听说法或情境法C.认知法D.交际法答案:A解析 本题考查语法翻译法的特点，故本题选A。问题:4. 如果教师把语言看做一种技能、一种习惯，想通过大量机械模仿的练习让学生掌握语言，那么他在外语课堂中很可能会采用_进行教学。A.语法翻译法B.听说法或情境法C.认知法D.交际法答案:B解析 听说法或情境法的特征之一就是教师通过大量机械模仿的练习让学生掌握语言，故本题选B。问题:5. 英语教学中，不同的教学方法都是以不同的_为基础的。A.理论和实践B.科学和实验C.语言观和语言学习观D.教材、教师和学生答案:C解析 不同的语言观和语言学习观，会产生不同的英语教学方法，故本题选C。、填空题问题:1. 中学英语课程是综合性工具课，是_很强的课程。答案:实践性解析 中学英语课程是综合性工具课，同时也是一门实践性很强的课程。问题:2. 教英语的含义不仅仅包括教学内容，也包括_。答案:教学形式问题:3. 从传统意义上讲，语法教学是教学_和_的有关规则的。答案:词法 句法解析 语法教学以培养学生理解句子和篇章、准确表达思想的能力为目的，是学生学习的工具。因此，语法教学是教学词法和句法的有关规则的。问题:4. 在传统的教学模式中，句型教学常常以_和_为主。答案:分析 记忆问题:5. 在语法一翻译法的课堂里，语法是以_的途径教授的，即讲授语法规则，然后用例子加以说明和解释。而在直接法的课堂里，语法是以_的途径去教授的，即让学生先实际掌握语言材料，再从他们所积累的感性语言材料中总结出语法规则，教师不在学生接触语言材料之前去讲授任何语法规则。答案:演绎法 归纳法、简答题问题:1. 简述学习策略教学的总体目标。答案:学习策略教学的总体目标就是通过系统地教授学生如何学习，帮助学生学会学习、提高学习效率、发展自主学习能力。简而言之，学习策略教学的总体目标即帮助学生掌握有效的学习方法、养成良好的学习习惯。问题:2. 中学英语课程标准和教材主张改变以语法为纲，过多讲解语法知识，削弱学生语言实践的倾向，在教学中，教师可以通过哪些步骤完成一堂符合新课标要求的优秀的语法教学课?答案:(1)呈现。每个单元的重点语法结构一般是自然地出现在听说读写语言材料中，有时也与词汇教学紧密联系(如名词单复数)； (2)发现。在教学过程中，教师常引导或启发学生注意新的语法现象，并根据上下文弄清其含义；有的教材也要求学生主动观察并发现新的语法； (3)归纳。在进行语法专项练习之前，要给学生机会，让他们自主探究，试着归纳该单元的语法项目： (4)演绎。归纳时，教师可利用教材提供的语法注释或语法工具书帮助学生提高对语法结构的形式和意义的认知度，可通过翻译做些汉英比较，从中欣赏英汉语之美； (5)实践。利用教材和教辅提供大量的学习性任务(如词形变化、句型转换、造句、填空等操练形式的练习)让学生复习和巩固语法结构； (6)活用。通过多种形式的具有情景和信息差的活动(如情景对话、描述图画、做游戏等)，及较为真实的任务性活动(如采访、传话、写信、报道等)，学生灵活运用所学语法表达自己的思想。 、论述题问题:1. 隐形语法教学一般把语法现象藏在语言材料和语言活动之中，教师帮助学生通过听说读写的活动体验和练习语言，逐步习得其中的语法。这很像直接法，通过自然的途径学习语言。由于语言材料的编者有意识地将语法知识由浅入深系统地安排在语境之中，学生在活动中体验、感悟和重复那些含有新语法知识的语言材料，虽然没有翻译和解释，他们也能发现和归纳其中的规律。这就是归纳法。试述教师运用此种方法的优、缺点。答案:运用该方法的优点：(1)结合语境学习有利于理解结构的实际意义，容易记住，容易运用；(2)有利于学生体验、感悟、发现，并参与语法教学活动；(3)提供多种形式的语言练习和活动；(4)提高学生对语法结构的认知水平以及探究和解决问题的能力；(5)有助于学生提高学习的自主性和合作性；(6)易于激发学生的学习兴趣和动机。 当然，使用归纳法教学语法也有一些不足之处：(1)学生的归纳和分析往往不到位，甚至有误；(2)体验、感悟、发现、探究花费时间多，不如演绎法省时；(3)教师需设计各种形式的任务，备课要求高，压力大；(4)许多语法项目(如情态动词、复杂的动词时态、句子成分、非谓语形式等)的含义和用法是难以由学生发现和归纳清楚的；(5)善于理性分析的学生对演绎法更加情有独钟，他们急于想知道语法规则。 第二部分 英语专业基础知识一、Vocabulary and structure问题:1. One of _ most common illnesses in our society is "time sickness", _ sense of time pressure and hurry that causes anxiety and tension.A./; aB./; theC.the; aD.the; the答案:C解析 考查冠词。句意：在我们这个社会里最常见的疾病之一是“时间病”，就是由于时间紧张和紧迫感而造成的焦虑和紧张。第一空后为形容词最高级形式；第二空a表示泛指“一个(种)”。问题:2. It is clear that in modern society high _ and demands are placed on teachers.A.motivationsB.expectationsC.standardsD.opportunities答案:B解析 考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然，在现代社会人们对教师有很高的期望和要求。motivation动机；expectation期望，要求；standard标准；opportunity机会。结合句意，此处选用expectations。问题:3. So far the construction of the two new bridges over the river _.A.have been completedB.has been completedC.has completedD.have completed答案:B解析 考查主谓一致和语态。此处谓语形式应该与主语the construction一致，故谓语应该使用单数形式，故排除A和D两项；且complete与construction为动宾关系，故使用被动语态，所以选B。问题:4. I must decline because the conditions you offered are not _.A.accessibleB.availableC.acceptableD.comfortable答案:C解析 考查形容词辨析。句意：由于你方所提供的条件我不能接受，我只得辞谢。accessible可进入的，可接近的，可得到的；available可用的，可获得的，有空的；acceptable可接受的；comfortable舒适的。结合句意，此处使用acceptable。问题:5. This argument sounds reasonable, but _ it's incorrect.A.fortunatelyB.actuallyC.naturallyD.obviously答案:B解析 考查副词辨析。句意：这种论调貌似有理，实际上是错误的。fortunately幸运地；actually实际上；naturally自然地；obviously显而易见地。根据前后两个句子的逻辑关系可知此处使用actually。问题:6. When shall we go to the Summer Palace? Make it _ day you like; it doesn't matter to me. A.oneB.anyC.someD.another答案:B解析 考查限定词。根据后面的“it doesn't matter to me.”可知此题选用any。any day表示“任何一天”。问题:7. _ all the difficulties, we fulfilled our task ahead of schedule.A.Instead ofB.In spite ofC.Due toD.In relation to答案:B解析 考查介词词组。句意：尽管有许多困难，我们还是提前完成了任务。instead of代替，而不是；in spite of尽管(表示转折含义)；due to因为；in relation to关于，和相关。根据句意，此处使用in spite of。问题:8. This dictionary, which I bought yesterday, has been highly _ by my professor.A.acknowledgedB.appealedC.recommendedD.commanded答案:C解析 考查动词辨析。句意：我昨天买来的这本字典是我的教授强烈推荐的。acknowledge承认，感谢；appeal呼吁，上诉；recommend推荐，建议；command命令，指挥。根据句意，此处使用recommended。问题:9. John _ almost all of his records to his friends, but he still had a very few left.A.put awayB.set asideC.turned inD.gave away答案:D解析 考查动词短语辨析。句意：约翰几乎把他所有的唱片都馈赠给了他的朋友，但他还剩一些。put away把收拾起来放好；set aside搁置一边；turn in上交，交还；give away赠送。结合句意，此处使用gave away。问题:10. May I take my lunch to the reading room? No, you _. You should finish it right here. A.mightn'tB.won'tC.needn'tD.mustn't答案:D解析 考查情态动词。句意：我可以把午饭带到阅览室吗?不可以，你就在这吃完。mustn't表示强烈的禁止。问题:11. You must keep your eyes _.A.closedB.closeC.be closedD.to closed答案:A解析 closed为形容词，“闭着，合着”。Keep doing，“持续做”。keep+形容词，“保持状态”。问题:12. A farmer arrived _ a women's house.A.inB.atC.toD.for答案:B解析 arrive at，“到达(较小的地方)”；arrive in，“到达(较大的地方)”。此外，还可用get to，reach表示“到达”。问题:13. Kate says that she _ a message on the desk.A.will leaveB.leaveC.will giveD.give答案:A解析 give a message to sb.,“给某人捎信”；leave a message for sb.,“给某人留下口信”。问题:14. He has two kites, one is big, _ is small.A.the otherB.anotherC.otherD.others答案:A解析 两个中的另一个或两部分中的另一部分，用the other表示，如：On the other side ofthe road, there are many trees. other后如有复数名词，可简写为others。问题:15. Computers are the second most useful _ of the world.A.inventionsB.inventorsC.inventionD.inventor答案:C解析 invention，发明；inventor，发明者。二、Close There have been many great inventions that change the way we live. The first great 1 was one that is still very important todaythe wheel. This made it easy for man 2 heavy things and to travel long distances. For hundreds of years after that, there were 3 inventions that had as much effect as the wheel. Then in the early 1800's the world started to change 4 . There was little unknown land left in the world. People did not have to explore much any more. In the second half of the 19th century many great inventions were made. 5 them were the camera, the electric light and the radio. These have all become a big part of our life today. The first part of the 20th century saw more great inventions. The helicopter in 1909. Movies 6 sound in 1926. The computer in 1928. And jet planes in 1930. This was also a time when a new 7 was first made. Nylon came out in 1935. It changed the kind of clothes people wear. Of course new inventions continued to be made. Man began looking 8 ways to go into space. Russia made the first step. Then the United States took another. Since then other countries, including China and Japan, 9 their steps into space. In 1969 man took his biggest step away from earth. 10 first walked on the moon. This was certainly just a beginning. New inventions will someday allow us to do things we have never yet dreamed of. 1.A.scientistB.artistC.musicianD.invention答案:D解析 该题用语境推测法。根据首句所提供的语境伟大的发明，可推测出本句所列举的应是“第一项大发明”。2.A.carryB.carryingC.to carryD.carried答案:C解析 该题用语法分析法。本句中的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语to carry heavy things and to travel long distances。3.A.fewB.a fewC.littleD.a little答案:A解析 该题测试不定代词的用法。invention是可数名词，不能用little和a little来修饰，这样就可以否定后面两个选项。根据上下文所提供的语境，可推知：在车轮被发明之后到18世纪，车轮是最重要的发明，自然就是“几乎没有像车轮一样有影响的发明”，应选表示否定意义的few。4.A.largelyB.differentlyC.greatlyD.freely答案:C解析 该题测试副词的辨析，应用语境推测法。根据上下文可知此句意为“19世纪早期世界开始发生巨大的变化”。largely主要地，在很大程度上；differently不同地；greatly很，非常；freely自由地，不受控制。5.A.BetweenB.AmongC.BeforeD.After答案:B解析 根据上下文语境，如选Before和After，显然语句不通；between指“两者之间”，也不符合文意；among指“在中间，在之中”。6.A.inB.ofC.onD.with答案:D解析 该题测试介词的用法。“有声电影”指画面伴随有声音的电影，这四个介词中，只有with有“随着”的意思。7.A.mistakeB.productC.worldD.material答案:D解析 根据下文提供的语境可知“1935年生产出了尼龙”，而尼龙是一种生产布匹的原料。8.A.forB.outC.afterD.around答案:A解析 根据下文的“俄罗斯迈出了第一步，美国紧随其后”，可推知上文是“人类开始寻找进入太空的方法”。这四个词组中，look for意为“寻找”，look out意为“小心，留心”，look after意为“照料”，look around意为“环顾四周”，只有look for才合乎句子要求。9.A.madeB.were madeC.have madeD.bade made答案:C解析 since then是现在完成时的标志，意思是“此后，从此一直”。在这四个选项中，made和were made是一般过去时，had made是过去完成时，只有have made是现在完成时。10.A.ChineseB.JapaneseC.AmericansD.Russians答案:C解析 这是一道常识题。美国人首次登月是家喻户晓的常识。三、Reading Comprehension A An 8-year-old child heard her parents talking about her little brother. All she knew was that he was very sick and they had no money. Only a very expensive operation could save him now and there was no one to lend them the money. When she heard her daddy say to her tearful mother," only a miracle can save him now". The little girl went to her bedroom and pulled her money from her piggy bank and counted it carefully. She hurried to the local drugstore with the money in her hand. "And what do you want?" asked the salesman. "It's for my little brother," the girl answered. "He is really, really sick, and I want to buy a miracle." " Pardon?" said the salesman. "My brother Andrew has something bad growing inside his head and my daddy says only a miracle can save him. So how much does a miracle cost? We didn't sell a miracle here, child, I'm sorry. " the salesman said with a smile. "Listen, if it isn't enough, I can try and get some more. Just tell me how much it costs. " A well-dressed man heard it and asked, "what kind of miracle does your brother need? I don't know, "she answered with her eyes full of tears. "He's really sick and mum says he needs an operation. But my daddy can't pay for it. So I have brought all my money. " "How much do you have?" asked the man. "1.11 dollars, but I can try and get some more. "she answered. "Well,what luck!" said the man. "1.11 dollars, the price of a miracle for your little brother. " He took up the girl's hand and said, "Take me to where you live. I want to see your brother and meet your parents. Let's see if I have the miracle you need. " That well-dressed man was Dr. Carlton, a famous surgeon. The operation was successful and it wasn't long before Andrew was home again. The little girl was happy. She knew exactly how much the miracle cost.one dollar and eleven cents.plus the faith of a little child. 1. What was the trouble is the little girl's family?A.Her brother was seriously ill.B.They had no money.C.Nothing could save her brother.D.Both A and B.答案:D解析 文中第一段第二句提到“All she knew was that he was very sick and tlaey had no money”由此可知，小女孩的家庭状况是弟弟病得很严重，而且家里没钱治病。2. In the eye of the little girl, a miracle might be _.A.something interestingB.something beautifulC.some special medicineD.some good food答案:C解析 由小女孩拿着自己的钱去药店买药可知，她认为miracle是一种特殊的药。3. The little girl said again and again " if it isn't enough, I can try and get some more" that means _.A.she had still keep some moneyB.she hoped not to be refusedC.there was no need to worry about moneyD.she thought money was easy to get答案:B解析 小女孩重复强调如果这钱不够的话可以再去弄，她只是想让别人接受她的请求卖给她药来治好自己的弟弟，不想被拒绝。4. What made the miracle happen?A.The girl's love for her brother.B.The girl's money.C.The medicine from the drugstore.D.Nobody can tell.答案:A解析 由全文可知，奇迹发生是因为小女孩心中的爱感动了这个外科医生。5. What can be inferred from the passage?A.The doctor didn't ask for any pay.B.A miracle is sure to happen if you keep on.C.The little girl is lovely but not so clever.D.Andrew was in fact not so sick as they had thought.答案:A解析 文章最后提到“She knew exactly how much the miracle costone dollar and eleven centsplus the faith of a little child.”很容易得知，这个外科医生最后没有要任何报酬。 B People have smoked tobacco for centuries, and the harmful effects of tobacco smoke have been seen as controversial since at least the 16th century when European explorers introduced tobacco to North America. Cigarette, in fact, typically contains more than 4,700 chemical compounds, 43 of which are believed to cause cancer. Compounds such as tar and sulphur do most of the harm, whilst a poisonous compound known as nicotine makes smoking very difficult to give up. In 1964, a committee of doctors and scientists in the United States of America concluded that nearly all forms of lung cancer were caused by the negative effects of smoking. They also reported, however, that smoking leads to many other diseases, such as chronic bronchitis and emphysema(disease of the lung). A more worrying report, however, argued that as many as 50,000 people die each year in America from the effects of passive smoking( breathing in other people's smoke). Young children are vulnerable because it is believed restrictions in oxygen supplies lead to stunted growth. But pregnant women are especially susceptible to this type of exposure because the smoke prevents oxygen supplies in the blood stream reaching the foetus, thereby inhibiting natural development. Smoking has thus been deemed more harmful than the effects of alcohol and has led to the becoming of smoking in public-parks in some ares. The most recent research carried out in the UK, however, suggest that if young girls beg in smoking daring puberty(early teenage years), which is common amongst teenagers in Europe, they are far more likely to contract because cancer as they grow older. Moreover, whilst the dangers of contracting diseases such as bronchitis and even lung cancer never let up. Instead it remains with the girl for the reminder of her natural life. These, and other findings, have promoted many European countries to launch a no smoking campaign in schools, aimed at making young, vulnerable adolescents, who are in a transition period between children and adulthood, aware of the dangers of smoking with the adage that prevention is better than cure. 6. Why is smoking addictive? Because it contains _.A.addictive compoundsB.sulphurC.nicotineD.tar答案:C解析 文章第一段最后提到“Compounds such as tar and sulphur do most of the harm, whilst a poisonous compound known as nicotine makes smoking very difficult to give up.”所以，本题选C。7. Government in developed countries are most connected about _.A.lung cancerB.breast cancerC.smoking