2022年高中英语语法-主谓一致详解及练习 .pdf

学习好资料欢迎下载高一语法-主谓一致主谓一致是指主语与谓语在数上要一致。一谓语动词用单数的情况1动名词短语、不定式短语、名词性从句做主语，谓语用单数。如：Buying clothes is often a time-consuming job.To understand the situation completely requires more thought.2表示时间、距离、金额、重量、面积、体积、容积等度量的名词短语做主语时，谓语用单数。Two weeks was too long.Ten yuan is enough.十元钱足够了。3一般用 and 连接的两个单词或短语做主语时候，谓语用复数，但是下面用and 连接的主语表示一个概念，谓语用单数：law and order 法制soap and water 肥皂水a cup and saucer 茶杯碟子fork and knife 刀叉the needle and thread 针线trial and error 反复尝试，不断摸索horse and carriage 马车time and tide 岁月bread and butter 奶油面包the ebb and flow 盛衰，潮涨潮落Bread and butter is our daily food Time and tide waits for no man 4.代词 each 和由 every,some,no,any 等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each,every,谓语需用单数。例如：Each of us has a tape-recorder.我们每个人都有一台录音机。There is something wrong with my watch.我的表出问题了。5.两个用and 连接的单数可数名词作主语，且第二个名词前无冠词，表示“一体”或“一双”，谓语动词用单数。例如：The watch and chain is made of gold.注意：若第二个单数名词前有冠词，谓语动词需用复数。例如：A peot and a writer have come to speak to us.6.当不定代词someone,somebody,anyone,anybody,evryone,evrybody,something,anything,nothing,no one,nobody,each,the other,all 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：Someone is waiting for you outside.7.两个用 and连接而被 each,every 或 no 修饰的单数可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：No book and(no)magazine is allowed to be taken away.Each teacher and(each)student wants to see the film.8.当主语为“many a+单数可数名词”时，谓语动词用单数。（许多）例如：Many a student has to spend their weekends studying in the classroom.9.当主语为“one and a half+可数名词复数”时，谓语动词用单数。例如：One and a half bananas is left on the table.10.当主语为“more than one+单数可数名词”时，谓语动词用单数。例如：More than one example is necessary to make the students understand the rule clearly.11.形式是复数，意义是单数的词：news,works(工厂)=factory,means,plastics(塑料)，politics,maths=mathematics 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：The news is very exciting.Politics is a very important subject to us.注意：works 有两层含义：works(著作；作品)=books;a work=a book;works(工厂)=factory 前者作主语，谓语动词用复数；后者作主语，谓语动词用单数。例如：It is said that Chairman Maos works have been published.That works we visited yesterday is very large.12.主语是一些只用复数形式的名词，如clothes,trousers,shoes,gloves等，谓语动词用复数，但当名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 4 页 -学习好资料欢迎下载这些词前用a piece of 修饰时，其谓语动词用单数。例如：There is a piece of shoes in the box.13.四则运算中，谓语动词通常用单数。例如：Ten and two is twelve.Ten added to two is twelve.14.国名、人名、书名、组织机构等专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：Engles is Marxs best friend.二谓语用复数情况1.当主语为“the+姓的复数形式”时，表示“一家人”或“一对夫妇”，谓语动词用复数。例如：The Smith are our friends.2.集体名词如：army,class,enemy,family,government,group,public,company,committee,team,audience(观众)作主语时，谓语动词视情况而定。若将其作为一个整体，谓语动词用单数；若指其中的成员或个体，谓语则用复数。例如：His family isnt very large.他家不是一个大家庭。His family are music lovers.他的家人都是音乐爱好者。3.名词 people,police,cattle,milita(民兵)，mass(群众)等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：Cattle feed on grass.4 由 and,both and,连接的并列主语，和both,a few,many,several 等修饰语后面，谓语动词通常用复数形式。Few people know he and I were classmates when we were at college.5某些形容词前面加定冠词表示一类人，做主语时候，谓语动词用复数The rich are not always selfish 6不可数名词作主语，其前有表示数量的复数名词修饰时，谓语动词用复数Three million tons of coal were exported that year 7.并列结构作主语时谓语用复数例如：Reading and writing are very important.读和写都是非常重要的。三谓语动词可用单数，也可以用复数的情况1.由连词either or;neithernor;whether or;not only but(also);or 等连接的并列主语，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。例如：Either you or she is to go.要么是你走，要么是她走。Neither I nor he is to blame.我和他都不应该受责备。2.在倒装结构中，谓语动词与后面的第一个主语一致There stands a tree on the top of the mountain.Just outside the ruins is a magnificent building surrounded by tall trees.3.当 there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。例如：There is a pen,a knife and several books on the desk.桌上有笔、小刀和几本书。4当主语后面跟有with,together with,like,except,but,no less than,as well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与最前面的主语一致。例如：The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.老师和一些学生在参观工厂。He as well as I wants to go boating.他和我都想去划船。5.“one of+复数名词+定语从句”，从句中的谓语动词用复数，当 one前加 the only 时，从句谓语动词则用单数。例如：Tom is one of th eboys who come to school early.Jack is the only one of the boys who comes on time.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 4 页 -学习好资料欢迎下载6.特例：A(large)quantity/mass/variety of+可数或不可数名词+谓语动词的单数形式；(large)quantities/masses/varities of+可数或不可数名词+谓语动词的复数形式。7.all of,most of,some of,the rest of,half of 及分数和百分数跟名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由所跟名词的单复数而定。例如：The rest of the computers are on sale today.The rest of lecture is not intresting.8.a number of 和 the number of 后接复数名词作主语，前者的谓语动词用复数，后者则用单数。例如：A number of girls are still I the classroom.The number of people invited was more than eighty.6某些固定结构中主语与谓语的数：第一组：a great many+可数名词复数谓语用复数a number of+可数名词复数谓语用复数the majority of+可数名词复数谓语用复数第二组；the number of+可数名词复数谓语用单数neither/either of+可数名词复数谓语用单数one and a half+可数名词复数谓语用单数第三组；more than one+可数名词单数谓语用单数many a+可数名词单数谓语用单数主谓一致专项练习题1.Either Jane or Steven _ watching TV now.A.were B.is C.was D.are 2.Two days _enough for me to finish the work.I need a third day.A.isn t B.is C.are tD.are 3.How many lessons do you usually haver a day?Six lessons a day.And each of them _45 minutes.A.last B.lasts C.have D.are 4.Neither Liping nor I _a basketball player.A.am B.is C.be D.are 5.There _ many new words in lesson one.It is very easy.A.is B.arent C.isn t D.are 6.The number of the students in our school _1200.A.is B.are C.has D.have 7.Maths _ my favourite subject.A.be B.is C.am D.are 8.The boy with the two dogs _ when the earthquake rocked the city.A.were sleeping B.is sleeping C.was sleeping D.are asle 9.Every one except Tom and John _there when the meeting began.A.are B.is C.were D.was 10.That place is not interesting at all._of us wants to go there.A.Neither B.Both C.All D.Some 11.Nobody but Jane _ the secret.A.know B.knows C.have know D.is 12.Whats on the plate?some eggs and cakes on it?There _some eggs and cakes on it.A.is B.are C.was D.were 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 4 页 -学习好资料欢迎下载13.This pair of glasses _mine.A.are B.be C.is D.will be 14.Both Lily and Lucy _ to the party yesterday.A.invited B.was invited C.had invited D.were invirted 15.Two months _quite a long time.Yes,I m afraid that he will miss lots of his lessons.A.is B.are C.was D.were 16.In the city the old _.A.take good care of B.are taken good care of C.is taken good care of D.are been taken good care of 17.His family _all very kind and friendly,His family _a happy one.A.are,is B.is,is C.are,are D.is,are 18.The singer and the dancer _come to Beijing.A.has B.have C.are D.is 19.The children in this class each _new school bag.A.have B.has C.has got D.are having 20.All but one _ here just now.A.is B.was C.has been D.were 21.You as well as he to blame(责备)for the accident（交通事故）.A.are B.is C.have D.has 22.Neither my wife nor I myself able to teach my daughter to sing English songs.A.has been B.is C.are D.am 23.Tom s teacher and friend _ Mr.Smith.A.has B.are being C.is D.are 24.Many a student _ that mistake before.A.had made B.has been made C.have made D.has made 25.Between the two buildings _ a monument.A.is standing B.standing C.stands D.stand 26.Laying eggs _ the ant queen s full-time job.A.have B.has C.are D.is 27.The whole class _ greatly moved at his words.A.is B.had C.were D.was 28.Deer _ faster than dogs.A.will run B.are running C.runs D.run 29.The police _ a prisoner.A.are searched for B.is searching C.are searching for D.is searching for 30.More than one answer _ to the question.A.had given B.were given C.has been given D.have been given 31.When and where this took place _ still unknown.A.has B.is C.were D.are 主谓一致练习题参考答案(1).B(2).A(3).B(4).A (5).B (6).A(7).B(8).C(9).D(10).A (11).B (12).B (13).C(14).D (15).A (16).B (17).A (18).B (19).A (20)D(21).A (22).D 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，共 4 页 -