2022年高一语篇型语法填空解题策略及习题 .pdf

1 语篇型语法填空解题策略一、题型说明1.文章词数：200 左右，分有提示词和无提示词两种。2.在语篇环境中测试考生加工处理语言信息、分析句子结构、熟练运用语法知识和词汇知识的能力。3.有提示词填空（6/7 处）考查侧重点：（1）动词的时态和语态及非谓语动词；（2）词性转换，以动词或名词转换成形容词、形容词转换为副词为主。无提示词填空（3/4处）,以考查介词、连词和冠词及从句引导词为主。二、考法解析1.名词一般考查其复数形式、名词所有格，或转换成形容词等。(1)此空是否要填名词，看空前的限定词判断词性：冠词、代词、数词、形容词等之后用名词。(2)若填名词，再确定名词可数和不可数，用单数还是复数，用名词的所有格还是其他形式。2.形容词或副词(1)词性转换，形与副，形或副与名、动之间的转换，以及形或副的比较级、最高级。(2)词性不变时，注意与词根意义相反的派生词，如增加前缀un-,im-,in-,dis-等。3.动词(1)先判断设空处填谓语动词还是非谓语动词。(2)缺谓语，填谓语，考动词的时态或语态、主谓一致等。(3)有谓语，且不是作并列谓语，则填非谓语。4.介词(1)句子成分，如，空后是名词、代词、动名词或what 从句，且不作主语或动词宾语时。(2)固定搭配，如as a result 5.连词或复合句引导词(1)连词有两类：并列连词和从属连词。句子的类型主要有：并列句、状语从句、名词性从句和定语从句。名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 6 页 -2(2)并列句考查并列连词and,but,or,so等。(3)状语从句考查从属连词because,as,since,though,although,if,unless,when,while,before,after等。(4)名词性从句考查引导词that,if/whether,which,who,what,where,how等。(5)定语从句考查关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose 及关系副词 when,where等。6.冠词(1)不定冠词：_+可数名词单数；_+形容词+可数名词单数。(2)定冠词：_(+定语)+名词+of 等介词短语（表特指）；_(+定语）+名词+定语从句（表特指）；_(+定语）+名词+不定式短语或分词短语（表特指）。(3)若空后有序数词、最高级、表特定意义的比较级等，且无提示词，那么一般要填冠词。7.代词(1)看所缺成分，缺主语（代词主格，指示代词，不定代词或it）；动词或介词后缺宾语（宾格、指示代词、不定代词或it）;空后是名词（形代或不定代词）；宾语和主语是同一人或物（反身代词）。(2)特殊句式，it 作形式主语或用在强调句中。三、解题步骤1.通读全文，理解大意，确定总体时态。2.巧用已知，分析结构，确定词性。3.重读全文，仔细核查，语法正确，语意贯通。四、真题示范（一）If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work,you should take a step back and identify(识别)those of 61.(great)and less importance.Then，handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of 62.(achieve).Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 63.(be)often acceptable.Most of us are more focused 64.our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.So,get an early start and try to be as productive 65.possible before lunch.This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 6 页 -3 afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.Recent 66.(study)show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 67.(regular)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 68.while，exercising，or doing something you enjoy.If you find something you love doing outside of the office,youll be less likely 69.(bring)your work home.It could be anything-gardening,cooking，music，sports-but whatever it is,70.(make)sure it s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.（二）The giant panda 61(love)by people throughout the world.Chinese scientists 62(recent)had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.She was a very 63(care)mother.For 25days,she never left her baby,not even to find something 64(eat)!She would not let any other pandas come near.She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean.Any smell might attract natural 65(enemy)that would try to eat the little comforting pats.The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does.66 it cried,she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.The mother continued to care for the young panda 67 more than two years.By that time,the panda no longer needed 68(it)mother for food.However,it stayed with her and leaned about the ways of the forest.Then,after two and a half years,the mother 69(drive)the young panda away.It was time for her to have a new baby,70 it was also time for the young panda to be independent.五、习题强化（一）The Great Wall of China is more than 6,000 kilometers long.It winds 61._(it)way from west to east,across deserts,over mountains,through valleys 62._ at last it reaches the sea.The Great Wall has a history of over twenty centuries.The first part of it 63._(build)during the Spring and Autumn period.During the Qin Dynasty,64._(keep)the enemy out of his empire,Emperor Qin Shi Huang had all the walls 65._(join)up.Thus,the 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 6 页 -4 Great Wall came into being.The Great Wall is wide enough at 66._ top for five horses or ten men to walk side by side.Along the wall are watchtowers,67._ soldiers used to keep watch.Fires were lit on the towers as a 68._(warn)when the enemy came.It was 69._(extreme)difficult to build such a wall in the ancient days without any modern machines.All the work was done 70._ hand.Thousands of men died and were buried under the wall they built.The Great Wall was made not only of stone and earth,but of the flesh and blood of millions of men.（二）In our life,the fear of heights always 61(exist)and it is a common feeling that is easy 62(understand).It is one of only two natural fears and 63 other is the fear of loud noises.Actually,having a fear of heights is good because it protects us 64 real danger.However,some people have an unreasonable and unhealthy fear of heights.They experience strong fears even inside a safe environment such as a tall building,65 is not a common response and it is not helpful.66(fortunate),this can 67(treat).There are many ways as follows.The most efficient way seems to make the people know 68(they)fear,for example,by encouraging them to go to the top of tall buildings.Another way to overcome the fear is to learn to control the physical symptoms.When 69(face)with a threatening situation,one can take slow,deep breaths.If possible,a few minutes of deep thinking may be 70(effect)in reducing tension.In a word,the fear of heights can be dealt with.（三）When I was in elementary school,I always argued with a boy in my class.I have forgotten what the 61(argue)was about,but I have never forgotten the lesson I learned that day.I was convinced that“I”was right and“he”was wrong but he argued that“I”was wrong and“he”was right.The teacher decided to teach us 62 very important lesson.She 63(bring)us up to the front of the class and placed the boy on the side of her desk and me on the other.In the middle of her desk,there was a large 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，共 6 页 -5 64 round object.She asked the boy what color the object was.“White”,he answered.I couldnt believe 65 he said,because it was 66(obvious)black!Another conflict started 67 him and me,but this time it was about color of the object.The teacher told me to stand in the place 68 the boy had been standing.We changed the place and now she asked me what the color of the object was.I had to answer,“White”.It was an object with two differently colored sides.From 69 viewpoint it was white,but from my side it was black.Sometimes 70(look)at a problem from the other person s view,we will come to a totally different conclusion.（四）Do you want to learn a foreign language?Choose one of the most 61(use)languages to learn suggested below.In most countries all over the world,English is 62 most widely used second language.Whether a person is traveling to a foreign country 63 communicating with people from some other country 64 business purposes,English is one language which will come in handy at every step.Spanish is the language of business in about twenty countries.There are many jobs in the United States as well as in many other countries,which specially ask for people 65 know how to speak and write Spanish.The Chinese economy is booming!In the future,China 66(become)the economic world leader,which makes 67 the perfect time to learn mandarin Chinese,a language 68(speak)by about 880 million people.French is regarded as one of the top languages to learn,simply 69 it is a chief language in northern and western Africa.Anyone 70(try)to understand European history can benefit a lot from learning this language.（五）London is the capital city of the United Kingdom which is 1.the northwest coast of the continental Europe.London is the seat of the Government of the United Kingdom.Many government departments are based close to the Palace of Westminster.The history of London goes back to its founding by the Romans,2.named 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 5 页，共 6 页 -6 it Londinium.London has a wide range of peoples and cultures,and more than 300 languages 3.(speak)within Greater London.London is 4.leading global city with strengths in arts,education,entertainment,fashion,tourism and transport.It is one of the world s most-visited 5.(city)and has the world s largest city airport system.London has 43 universities,making it the largest centre of higher education in Europe.In 2012,London became the first city 6.(host)the modern Summer Olympic Games three times.London is a world 7.(culture)capital and is home to many museums,galleries,libraries,and sporting events,8.(include)the British Museum which always symbolizes London.The London Underground is the 9.(old)underground railway network in the world.London is such a wonderful city 10.travelling there will be an exciting experience.（六）Keeping a diary in English is one of the effective ways 61(improve)our English writing ability.Compared with other forms of writing,it is shorter and takes 62(little)time.It can help us to develop the habit of thinking in English.If we persist(坚持)in this practice,gradually well learn how to express ourselves in English.In keeping a diary in English,we certainly run up against many 63(difficult).Firstly,it often happens that we have trouble 64(find)appropriate words and phrases to give expression to our mind.Secondly,there 65(be)many idiomatic ways of saying things in Chinese.And it is 66(extreme)hard for us to put them into English properly.As far as I am concerned,my suggestion is 67 we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach.Whenever something beats us,we can first put it down in our notebook and then consult our dictionary.We can also ask our English teacher 68 help,if necessary.In short,I believe that it is 69 great use to keep a diary in English for the 70(develop)of our writing skills.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 6 页，共 6 页 -