高考英语二轮复习：阅读理解长难句分析建议（附重点词汇用法）.docx

高考英语阅读理解长难句分析（附重点词汇用法）长难句1：Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.译文：当遇到可能正在经历个人焦虑的病人时，护士和其他护理人员需要注意沉默可能表达的意义。点拨：care-givers：看护者be aware of：意识到come across：偶遇，偶然发现 长难句2：While sociologists disagree on how these terms should be exactly defined, they do describe societies like the United States quite well.译文：尽管社会学家对这些术语的精确定义存在争议，但他们确实把像美国那样的社会阶层描述得相当好。分析：本句是复合句。while引导让步状语从句；how these terms should be exactly defined是宾语从句；主句中的do表示强调。点拨：disagree on：对意见不一term：专用名词，术语 长难句3：Power and class do not always go hand in hand, however.译文：然而，权力和阶级不一定总是如影随形。点拨：go hand in hand：密切关联 长难句4：They must show each other kindness and pity and the many qualities without which life would be very painful unless one chose to live alone in the desert.译文：除非一个人选择独自生活在沙漠中，否则，他们彼此间必须表现出仁慈和怜悯以及许多其他品质，没有这些品质，生活将会非常痛苦。分析：without which引导定语从句修饰先行词qualities。 长难句5：It was a change that took place without being noticed though it was of the extreme importance, a spiritual change which affected the whole state.译文：这是一种虽然极其重要却没人注意的变化，一种影响整个国家的精神变化。分析：that引导定语从句修饰先行词a change；which引导定语从句修饰先行词a spiritual change。点拨：of the extreme importance：极其重要 (=extremely important) 长难句6：That they could get material benefits from her never entered their minds.译文：他们从来没想过从雅典得到物质利益。分析：that引导主语从句，句子的谓语是entered。 长难句7：There had to be a complete change of attitude before they could look at the city as an employer who paid her citizens for doing her work.译文：在态度彻底改变之后，他们才把城市看作是雇主，要为他们的工作付薪水。分析： who引导定语从句修饰an employer。点拨：a complete change of attitude：态度的彻底转变before：之后才look at . as：把看作 长难句8：What the people wanted was a government which would provide a comfortable life for them; and with this as the primary object, ideas of freedom and self-reliance and responsibility were neglected to the point of disappearing. Athens was more and more looked on as a cooperative business possessed of great wealth in which all citizens had a right to share.译文：人们想要的是可以让他们过安稳生活的政府。以此为主要目标，自由、自力更生和责任的观念被忽视了，直到最后消失。雅典越来越被看作是一个拥有巨大财富的合作企业，所有的公民都有权利分享。分析：第一个句子中，what引导主语从句，which引导定语从句，修饰先行词a government。第二个句子中in which引导定语从句，先行词是a cooperative business。possessed of great wealth形容词短语做a cooperative business的后置定语。点拨：provide sth for sb：给某人提供某物to the point of：达到的程度 (point在此处意为“阶段，程度”)be looked on as：被看作possessed of：具有的 长难句9：Athens reached the point when the freedom she really wanted was freedom from responsibility. There could be only one result. If men insisted on being free from the burden of self-dependence and responsibility for the common good, they would cease to be free. Responsibility is the price every man must pay for freedom. It is to be had on no other terms. Athens, the Athens of Ancient Greece, refused responsibility; she reached the end of freedom and was never to have it again.译文：雅典真正想要的自由是免于责任的自由，她已经走到了这一步。这样的结果只能有一个：如果人们坚持不顾大众利益，一心想摆脱责任，依赖他人，他们就不能再享有自由。责任是每个人为获得自由必须付出的代价，没有其他条件。雅典，古希腊的雅典，拒绝责任，所以她失去了自由，再也不会拥有自由。分析：第一句话中when引导定语从句，先行词是the point。点拨：point：(发展的) 阶段，程度，地步freedom from responsibility：不受责任的约束 (freedom from sth意为“从某事物中摆脱，不受某事物之苦”)free from：不受之苦的the common good：(正式用语) 共同的利益on . terms：条件是 长难句10：No doubt he had not an idea that he was speaking Greek. Athens was not in the farthest background of his mind, but once man has a great and good idea, it is never completely lost.译文：毫无疑问他根本不知道自己的话正是希腊的写照。虽然他没有想到雅典，但是人类一旦有了伟大的想法，这种想法就会永远存在。点拨：no doubt：无疑长难句11：If we can allow our children to be themselves without prejudice, theyll build friendships with people, regardless of raceor religion, who will be by their side through thick and thin.译文：如果我们能够让孩子们不带任何偏见地成长，能够不考虑对方的种族和信仰，与之成为朋友，而这样的朋友会和他们患难与共。点拨：thick and thin：艰难险阻 长难句12：Yesterday he proudly claimed in court that despite his complete lack of medical experience or qualifications, he had saved several peoples lives.译文：昨天他相当自豪地在法庭上宣称，尽管他完全没有从医的经验和资格，却也挽救了几个人的生命。分析：despite his complete lack of . lack 相当于although he didnt have . (英语善用抽象名词)。 长难句13：Only on special occasions would they take it out and let us hold it in our hands.译文：只有在特殊场合他们才会把它拿出来，让我们捧在手里。分析：only+状语置于句首时，句子要部分倒装。其结构为：Only + 状语+ be/助动词/情态动词+主语+其他。 长难句14：Foreign drivers will have to pay on-the-spot fines of up to £900 for breaking the traffic law to be carried out next month.译文：如果违反下个月要执行的交通法规，外国司机将要现场缴纳高达900英镑的罚款。分析：to be carried out nextmonth作the traffic law的后置定语。点拨：pay on-the-spot fines：现场缴纳罚款up to：高达，多达break the traffic law：违反交通法规carry out：执行 长难句15：In practice, very few foreign drivers are likely to return to Britain to deal with their cases.译文：实际上，很少有外国司机会返回英国处理他们的案件。点拨：in practice：实际上deal with：处理 长难句16：Foreign vehicles are 30 percent more likely to be in a crash than British-registered vehicles.译文：外来车辆发生撞车事故的可能性比英国注册的车辆高出30%。 长难句17：Foreign lorries are three times more likely to be in a crash than British lorries.译文：外来货车发生碰撞事故的可能性比英国货车高出三倍。 长难句18：British drivers will be punished with points and fines for breaking the traffic law.译文：英国司机违反交通法规会被扣分和罚款。 长难句19：The new traffic law is mainly intended to lower the rate of traffic accidents and injuries.译文：新的交通法规的主要目的是减少交通事故和降低伤害率。点拨：be mainly intended to do sth：主要是为了做某事lower the rate of：降低的比率 长难句20：Out of curiosity, Broad spent hours at the local archives in a fruitless search for information on Mckay.译文：出于好奇，Broard在当地档案馆花了几个小时查询有关Mckay的信息，结果一无所获。点拨：out of curiosity：出于好奇in a fruitless search for：徒劳无功地搜寻fruitless：无结果的(fruit+less，与fruitful是反义词)