英语专四历年真题语法分类汇总.doc

20092011年英语专业四级真题语法汇总l 名词1.Do you own your apartment or are you a _ ?A. tenant B. customer C. client D. proprietor题解：该题是词义辨析题。tenant意思为“房客”，customer“顾客”，client“客户”，proprietor “业主，经营者”，例如The proprietor of the store was formerly a farmer. 这家商店的老板原是一个农民。根据上下文逻辑关系答案为A。20092.Due to personality _, the two colleagues never got on well in work. A. contradiction B. conflict C. confrontation D. competition考查名词辨析。Contradiction意为“矛盾”，指比较抽象的，在观点、意见上的矛盾；conflict意为“冲突”，比矛盾强烈，且可以是针锋相对的，公开的。由句中的never got on well in work可以判断，两人积怨已深，personality conflict指“性格矛盾”，故选B。句意：由于性格冲突，这两个同事在工作上从未相处融洽过。20103. There were 150 _ at the international conference this summer. A. spectators B. viewers C. participants D. onlookers本题为名词辨析题。spectator意为“观众”；viewer意为“电视观众、检查员”；participants意为“参及者”；onlooker意为“旁观者”。句中提到的是international conference，显然应该指参会者，故选C。句意：今年夏天，有150人出席该国际会议。2010l 代词1. I was very interested in _ she told me.A. all that B. all which C. all what D. that题解：该句考查代词的用法，需要补充一个词既可以引导介词in的宾语从句，又要作从句中的动词told的宾语，同时要使句中意思符合逻辑，所以答案只能为A，意思为”我对于她告诉我的所有事情都很感兴趣”中which不可以作定语从句先行词的引导词，C也是同样原因，D答案缺乏先行词。20092. When one has good health, _ should feel fortunate. A. you B. they C. he D. we考查代词。本句为主从复合句，其中时间状语从句的主语为one，因此主句中对应的代词应该用he，故选C。句意：一个人身体健康时应该感到幸运。20103. In the sentence “The manager interviewed Jim himself in the morning”, the italicized word is used to modifyA. the object.B. the verb.C. the subject.D. the prepositional phrase.考查反身代词。宾语动词主语介词短语。亲自是修饰主语，故选2011l 形容词1. We had a good time there, and the food was plentiful and _.A. conducive B. wholesome C. helpful D. appreciative题解：wholesome意思为“有益健康的”，例如Milk is a wholesome food. 牛奶是一种有益于健康的食品，所以答案为B。 conducive意思为“有帮助的”，常及to连用，例如Regulating your habits is conducive to good health. 使生活习惯规律化有益于健康。appreciative (of)意为“有欣赏能力的，表示感谢的”，例如：The appreciative audience applauded. 有欣赏力的观众鼓掌了。 She was deeply appreciative of your help. 她对你的帮助深表感激。20092. The young employee has a(n)_ quality he is totally honest.A. respectable B. admirable C. decent D. approachable 题解： decent quality “高尚的品德”及下文honest逻辑上最吻合。respectable令人尊敬的，admirable受人爱戴的，approachable “易于亲近的”。20093 . For the advertised position, the company offers a(n) _ salary and benefits package. A. generous B. plentiful C. abundant D. sufficientA. 本题为形容词辨析题。plentiful意为“大量的，丰富的”；abundant意为“丰富的，充裕的”，语气比plentiful强，数量比plentiful多；sufficient意为“足够的”。generous意为“丰富的”，是指larger or more than the usual size or amount”之意，从句意可知，这里是介绍该职位的优厚条件，因此a generous salary是指优厚的薪酬及高福利。故选A。句意：对于广告上的招聘职位，公司提供丰厚的薪水和高福利。20104. School started on a _ cold day in February. A. severe B. bitter C. such D. frozen本题为形容词辨析题。这里需要一个副词来修饰形容词cold。只有选项B中的bitter是副词，有“极其”之意，a bitter cold day表示“极其寒冷的一天”，故选B。severe意为“严重的”，frozen意为“冰冻的”，故排除。若用such的话，应为such a cold day，故排除。句意：学校在二月份的一个酷寒天开学了。20105. In the face of unexpected difficulties, he demonstrated a talent for quick, _ action. A. determining B. defensive C. demanding D. decisive本题为形容词辨析题。decisive意为“果断的”，句中的quick和decisive构成近义关系，符合语义衔接关系，故选D。determining是determine的现在分词，不能用作形容词；defensive意为“防御的，保卫的“；demanding意为“要求高的，吃力的”。均不符合句意，故排除。句意：面对意想不到的困难，他显示了迅速果断采取行动的才能。 20106. Because of the economic crisis, industrial output in the region remained A. motionless B. inactive C. stagnant D. immobile本题为形容词辨析题。motionless意为“不动的，静止的”，immobile意为“不动的，静止的，固定的”，inactive意为“不活动的，怠惰的”。stagnant意为“不景气的”，指“状况不好，没有进步”，尤其是指经济状况不好，符合本句语境，故选C。句意：由于经济危机，该地区的工业生产停滞不前。2011l 动词1. During the TV interview, the singer announced that he was going to _ his new album soon.A. release B. renew C. relieve D. rehearse题解：该题为词汇辨析题，答案为A，意思为“发行新专辑”release意思为“发行，发表”。renew 意思为“更新、恢复”，例如I hope their disrupt friendship will be renewed. 我希望他们中断的友谊会恢复。relieve 意思为“缓解（压力，疼痛等）”，例如The pill will relieve you from pain. 这药丸将使你免受痛苦。 She took an aspirin to relieve her headache. 她吃了一片阿斯匹灵以缓解头痛。 rehearse 意思为“彩排，预演”，例如The actors were rehearsing in the theater. 演员们正在剧场里排练。 20092. The police had difficulty in _ the fans fi'om rushing on to the stage to take photos with the singer. A. limiting B. restraining C. confining D. restricting本题为动词辨析题。limit，restrict和confine为近义词。limit一般指事先确定空间、时间或数量的极限；restrict意为“限制”，指限制某物的大小、数量等。confine侧重施加不可逾越的限制，有时暗示束缚、囚禁。restrain意为“阻止，抑制”，通常及from搭配，表示“阻止某人做某事”，符合此处语义和语法关系，故选B。句意：警察经常很难阻止歌迷冲到舞台上和歌手照相。2010l 情态动词1. Arent you tired? I _ you had done enough for today.A. should have thought B. must have thoughtC. might have thought D. could have thought题解：该题考查情态动词语气上的差别，答案为A，意思是“今天你累坏了吧？我本来应该想到你今天已经忙了一天的。”B答案是表示对过去事情的判断，不符合上下文意思。20092. Nancy's gone to work but her car's still there. She _ by bus. A. must have gone B. should have gone C. ought to have gone D. could have gone考查情态动词。must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，意为“一定”。当must后接完成时的时候，表示对已发生的事情的推测。根据句意，此处应该为有把握的推测，故选A。句意：南希去上班了，但她的车还在那儿。她一定是坐公交车去的。2010l 副词1. Which of the following adverbs can NOT be used to complete “_ everybody came”?A. Nearly B. Quite C. Practically D. Almost题解：B选项中quite为程度副词，需要修饰形容词或者副词，所以答案为B，其在语法上是不成立的。20092. Last Sunday she came to visit us out of the blue. The italicized phrase meansA. unexpectedly B. unhappily C. untidily D. unofficially题解：out of the blue意为“突然地，出人意料地”，所以答案为A。20093. Which of the following words can NOT be used to complete "We've seen the film _"? A. before B. recently C. lately D. yet本题为句意表达题，考查的是副词作状语的用法。选项D中的yet用于否定句和疑问句，而原句为陈述句，故选D。20104. The team has been working overtime on the research project _. A. lately B.just now C. late D. long ago本题为副词辨析题。Lately意为“近来”，是用于完成时的一个时间状语，及句中的现在完成进行时吻合，故选A。句意：该小组最近一直加班进行该项目研究。20105. The teacher told the students to stay in the classroom and they did _. A. absolutely B. accidentally C. accordingly D. accurately本题为副词辨析题。absolutely意为“绝对地，完全地”；accidentally意为“偶然地，意外地”；accurately意为“准确地，精确地”。accordingly意为“照着，相应地”，由句中的and可以看出学生并未不听老师的话，故选C。句意：老师告诉学生们待在教室里，学生照做了。2010l 非谓语动词1. _ should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work. A. To be not tall B. Not being tall C. Being not tall D. Not to be tall考查非谓语动词。本句中缺失主语。动名词短语作主语时，通常用于表示一件已知的事或经验。不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。本句中“长得不高”是一件已知的事情，所以选择动名词短语作主语，表示否定意义，not要放在动名词前面，故选B。句意：长得不高不该成为生活和工作中的一个严重不足之处。2010l 介词1. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates purpose?A. She said it for fun, but others took her seriously.B. For all its effort, the team didnt win the match.C. Linda has worked for the firm for twenty years.D. He set out for Beijing yesterday.考察介词短语。选出表示目的的句子。A 为了娱乐 B尽管付出了很多努力，让步状语。C 是时间状语 D 是地点状语。故选A2011l 限定词1. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT? A. All his lectures are very interesting. B. Half their savings were gone. C. Many his friends came to the party. D. Both his sisters are nurses.考查限定词排序。限定词的相互搭配关系为：前位+中位+后位。四个选项中，只有C中的Many his为“后位+中位”，不符合限定词的相互搭配关系，故选C。2010l 句子成分1. In the sentence "It's no use waiting for her", the italicized phrase is)_. A. the object B. an adverbial C. a complement D. the subject本题为句子成分题。在Its no use waiting for her中，it为形式主语，句子真正的主语是动名词短语waiting for her，故选D。A意为“宾语”，B意为“状语”，C意为“补语”。20102. Which of the following sentences has an object complement? A. The directors appointed John manager. B. I gave Mary a Christmas present. C. You have done Peter a favour. D. She is teaching children English.本题为句子成分题。宾语后面加上一个词或一个短语用来对宾语的特征、状态等情况进行补充说明，这个成分称之为宾语补足语。它和前面的宾语一起形成“复合宾语”，宾语和宾语补足语之间存在一种逻辑上的主谓关系。选项A中的manager和宾语John之间存在逻辑主谓关系，故为宾语补足语。而选项B、C、D中的动词后面都是双宾语。20113. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object?A. What do you think has happened to her?B. Who do you think the visiting professor is?C. How much do you think he earns every month?D. How quickly would you say he would come?考查句子结构。A、B、C选项中do you think 是插入语，A中what 作主语 ，B中 Who作表语，C中How much 作earns 的宾语，D中是状语。故选C20114. Which of the following italicized parts is a subject clause (主语从句)?A. We are quite certain that we will get there in time.B. He has to face the fact that there will be no pay rise this year.C. She said that she had seen the man earlier that morning.D. It is sheer luck that the miners are still alive after ten days.考查句子结构。D中It是形式主语，that引导真实的主语从句，A是表语从句，B是同位语从句 C是宾语从句。故选D20115. There is no doubt _ the couple did the right thing in coming back home earlier than planned.A. whetherB. thatC. whyD. when考查句子结构，that引导同位语从句。故选B2011l 虚拟语气1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _ much easier to learn.A. could have been B. would beC. will be D. would have been题解： 该题考查虚拟语气的用法，在if引导的条件句中，使用的是were, 过去时态，所以表示对现在一般情况的虚拟，那么主句中也相应的使用现在虚拟，答案为B。该句的意思是”如果没有虚拟语气的话，英语将会好学得多。”答案C不是虚拟语气首先排除，A/D均表示对过去事情的虚拟也排除。20092. It is necessary that he _ the assignment without delay. A. hand in B. hands in C. must hand in D. has to hand in考查虚拟语气。形容词为necessary，important，impossible，strange，natural，essential等时，在“It + be + 形容词或过去分词 + 主语从句”结构中，主语从句要用虚拟语气，其中的should可以省略。故选A。句意：他必须按时交作业。20103. Its getting late. Id rather you now.A. leftB. leaveC. are leavingD. will leave考查虚拟语气。Would rather最好做某事 故选A2011l 倒装1. It is going to be fine tomorrow. _.A. So is it. B. So it is. C. So it does. D. So does it.题解：该题考查so it is和so is it的区别，so it is 是表示进一步的强调，表示事情确实是这样，例如：It is good to practice everyday. So it is 每天锻炼身体是好习惯，确实是这样的；而so is it 是说一件事如此，而另一件事情同样也如此，如对话： A: The first book is very interesting.B: Yes. So is the second one (so is it，it 指代第二本书)。A说：第一本书很有趣。B说：是啊，第二本也是如此。所以答案为B。 20092. Little _ about her own safety, though she herself was in great danger.A. she cared B. she may care C. may she care D. did she care题解：该题考查倒装句的用法，little 放在句首，采用部分倒装，考虑到上下文的逻辑关系，所以答案为D，意思为“虽然处于危险当中，但她对自己的危险毫不在意”。 2009l 时态1. She _ fifty or so when I first met her at a conference.A. had been B. must be C. has been D. must have been题解：根据题干中when I first met her采用的过去时态，可以判断该题考查对过去发生事情的判断，所以采用must+完成时态，答案为D。意思为“当我第一次在会议上遇见她时，她肯定已经是50岁左右了”。20092. “It seems that she was there at the conference.” The sentence means that .A. she seems to be there at the conferenceB. she seemed to be there at the conferenceC. she seems to have been there at the conferenceD. she seemed to being there at the conference题解：题干的意思为“看上去她似乎去参加过会议了。”所以答案为C，在动词不定式中采用完成时态来表示过去发生的事情。20093. “The man preparing the documents is the firms lawyer” has all the following possible meanings EXCEPTA. the man who has prepared the documents .B. the man who has been preparing the documents .C. the man who is preparing the documents .D. the man who will prepare the documents .题解：该题考查动词的-ing 形式做伴随定语的用法，其含有正在进行，或者一直持续进行的意思，所以答案为D，D答案表示将来含义。2009l 定语从句1. My uncle is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is no longer the man _ he was fifteen years ago.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that考察定语从句。先行词the man ,可先排除A，分析句子结构，关系代词在从句中作表语，只能用that 引导定语从句，故选D。2011l 宾语从句1. After_ seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the personnel manager's office. A. that B. it C. what D. there考查宾语从句。本句中after后需要一个宾语从句，该宾语从句缺主语，因此需要一个作主语的连接代词。只有what可以在宾语从句中充当主语，故选C。句意：在经过似乎漫长的等待后，轮到他进入人事经理的办公室了。2010l 状语从句1. _ the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask me to work overtime without pay.A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Whichever D. However题解: 该题中需要补充一个词做say的宾语，同时又要引导整个从句，并且要符合句中的逻辑关系，所以答案为A，意思为“无论老板说什么，我们加班又没有加班费都是不合理的”。20092. Fool _ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing. A. who B. as C. like D. that考查状语从句。as用作连此时，和though的意义相同，而从句中的实义动词或系动词后的形容词需提前。本句中fool是形容词，位于句首，符合as引导让步状语从句的使用条件，故选B。句意：杰瑞再愚蠢也不可能做出这样的事儿。20103. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates purpose?A. She said it for fun, but others took her seriously.B. For all its effort, the team didnt win the match.C. Linda has worked for the firm for twenty years.D. He set out for Beijing yesterday.考察介词短语。选出表示目的的句子。A 为了娱乐 B尽管付出了很多努力，让步状语。C 是时间状语 D 是地点状语。故选A2011l 反疑疑问句1. She seldom goes to the theatre, _? A. doesn't she B. does she C. would she D. wouldn't she考查反意疑问句。本句中含有否定含义的副词seldom，故反意时用肯定形式does she。选项A的not及seldom矛盾；选项C和D中的would及句中的goes不吻合。故选B。句意：她很少去剧院，是吗？20102. When you have finished with the book, dont forget to return it to Tim, ?A. do youB. will youC. dont youD. wont you考察反疑疑问句，主句为否定式的祈使句，故反疑疑问句用将来时的肯定形式，故选B2011l 比较级1. A new laptop costs about _ of a second-hand one.A. the price of three times B. three times the priceC. as much as the three times price D. three times more than the price题解：该句考查的是英语倍数关系的常用表达法，通常有三种形式：例如：和（某物的）三倍一样长1. three times as long as；2. three times longer than； 3. three times the length of，所以答案为B。20092. Which of the following italicized phrases is INCORRECT?A. The city is now ten times its original size.B. I wish I had two times his strength.C. The seller asked for double the usual price.D. They come here four times every year.考察倍数结构。通常有三种形式：例如：和（某物的）三倍一样长1. three times as long as；2. three times longer than； 3. three times the length of故选B2011l 句意理解1. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates CAUSE? A. Why don't you do it for the sake of your friends? B. I wish I could write as well as you. C. For all his efforts, he didn't get an A. D. Her eyes were red from excessive reading.本题为句意理解题。句中的斜体字部分from excessive reading是眼睛红的原因，故选D。句意：由于看书太多，她的眼睛红了。20102. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT? A. They each have two tickets. B. They cost twenty yuan each. C. Each they have bought the same book. D. They were given two magazines each.本题为句意表达题。不定代词each在句中可以作主语、宾语、定于和同位语，用作同位语时，each可以用在代词之后。选项A、B、D均符合语法要求，故选C。20103. Dr Johnson is head of the department, _ an expert in translation. A. or B. either C. but D. and本题为句意理解题。从句意可以判断，这里的head of the department和an expert in translation说的都是Dr. Johnson，可见两部分之间是并列关系，故选D。句意：约翰逊博士是系主任，翻译专家。l 其他1. What a nice day! How about the three of us _ a walk in the park nearby?A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking题解：how about 之后加上动名词，意思为“（建议）做什么事好吗？”，其中the three of us 是后面谓语动词的逻辑主语，该句结构是交际英语中常用表示方法，比如How about you and I having a coke? 我们来杯可乐如何？所以答案为C。20092. In “How much do you think he earns?”, “how much” is _ of the sentence.A. the subject B. the adverbialC. the object D. the complement题解：how much在句中作动词think 的宾语，主语是you，所以答案为C。20093. He feels that he is not yet _ to travel abroad. A. too strong B. enough strong C. so strong D. strong enough考查惯用结构。enough to do sth.是惯用结构，enough前必须有其他形容词或副词。句意：他感到自己还没有强壮到可以去国外旅行。第 7 页