北京高三英语能力突破：语法填空专项练习（附解析）.docx

语法填空专项练习一、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Sanxingdui Site, _1_ (date) back to 3,000 to 4,000 years ago, was first discovered in 1929. It is considered one of the most important archaeological sites along the upper reaches of the Yangtze River._2_ (get) a better understanding of the unique civilization, archaeologists reconducted an _3_ (invest) of No. 1 and No. 2 pits in October 2019. This time, six more pits were discovered, including the largest gold mask ever found, ivory and silk.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Chinese President Xi Jinping on Thursday _4_ (congratulate) the complete success of the Change-5 mission, extending warm congratulations and sincere greetings to all members who participated in the Change-5 mission in a congratulatory message. As _5_ (China) most complicated space project in China, the Change-5 mission _6_ (achieve) the extraterrestrial (地球外的) sampling and returning successfully for the first time. “Your remarkable feats will always _7_ (remember) by our country and people,” said Xi.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Zhang Qi, _8_ has a doctorate in AI technology from Huazhong University of Science and Technology, was recently in the news because of his salary. Zhang was enrolled under Huaweis “ _9_ (gift) youngster” plan, which aims at attracting talents from _10_ the globe. So far, only four candidates have passed the seven rounds of interview successfully and got high salaries.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。All over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help to keep people healthy, happy and help them to live _11_ (long). Sports change with the season. People play different games in winter and summer. Games and sports often grow out of peoples work and everyday _12_ (activity). The Arabs use horses or camels in much of their everyday life; they use them in their sports, too. Some sports are so interesting _13_ people everywhere go in for them. Football, for example, has spread around the world. Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。A book _14_ (name) Who Moved My Cheese has been a best seller (畅销书) all over the world. It _15_ (teach) people how to face changes in their lives. Now its author Spence Johnson has written a book just for teens. The book tells us that when facing a change in our lives, like a new school or new friends, dont be afraid. Instead, use this change _16_ (make) a better life. The book gives an example of a change at school.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。One morning, there were many people _17_ (wait) at the bus stop. When the bus came, we all hurried on board. A boy, riding a bike beside the bus and waving his arm, _18_ (catch) my attention. He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up the bus. Then he asked, “Did anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman shouted, “Oh, dear! Its _19_ (I)”. After that people began talking about _20_ the boy had done and the crowd of strangers suddenly became friendly to one another.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Your attitude towards life will significantly impact the level of success you _21_ (have) in the future. Typically, when you have a bad attitude, it _22_ (negative) affects your action.With a positive attitude, youre much more likely to take action and get all your tasks done. And having a positive attitude makes you much more likely to be supportive of others and helpful to them. So, an added benefit of a positive attitude is that youre able to have better relationships _23_ others.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Marlee became deaf when she was one and a half years old. _24_ she cant hear anything, she is positive towards life: “The only thing I cant do is hear.” Her parents sent her to a public school, _25_ Marlee got used to the life soon with the help of special programs.The school helped her become the first deaf actress _26_ (receive) an Academy Award. “I work every day to help people understand. Deaf people not only deserve respect, they deserve to be heard,” Marlee said.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。A grand ceremony _27_ (hold) on Feb 20 in Beijing to mark the closing of the 2022 Winter Olympic Games. The ceremony at the National Stadium, also _28_ (know) as the Birds Nest, began with children dancing while holding snowflake-shaped lanterns. A traditional “Chinese knot” pattern _29_ (appear) over the stadium before athletes entered the venue. The red Chinese knot was projected digitally into the sky, _30_ (mark) not only the connection of China with the world, but also the Olympic spirit of togetherness.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空自处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。The koala is a symbol of Australia. Recently, the Australian government has listed it as an _31_(endanger) species. This is because of a fall in its number. caused by bushfires and the cutting down of trees. There are about 50, 000 koalas in the wild now. The government _32_(give) koalas greater protection in the future, and a recovery plan _33_(announce) already.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空自处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Cyclo-cross is a tough but fun sport _34_ riders race laps around an off-road circuit such as a park or field. They ride up and down hills, through twists and turns and sometimes over low barriers or steps. At times, they may decide to get off their bike and run through the mud while pushing their bike or carrying it _35_ their shoulder. Races usually take place in autumn and winter when the ground conditions and weather make it even _36_(tough).阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空自处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Although handwriting is an important part of the courses in the UK, some teachers think _37_ (type) is now more important. In December 2021, one headteacher suggested that A-level exams should be typed instead of written by hand. This was partly because students learning_38_ (remote) have used keyboards, not pens, but also because text messages are now more common than handwritten _39_ (note). However, it remains uncertain _40_ this suggestion will be adopted.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Some bullet trains dont run on tracks at all. They fly over them. They _41_(call) maglev bullet trains(磁悬浮高速列车)，and they use two groups of magnets to move. One group pushes the trains up and off the tracks and the other group pushes the trains forward, _42_makes the trains go much faster and make less noise, too. The worlds _43_(fast) train now is a maglev train in China. It has a maximum speed of 600 kilometers per hour.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Polio is a scary disease _44_(cause) children to lose the ability to move and walk. More than 60 years ago, it frightened parents everywhere. Tens of thousands of children _45_(fall) to the disease. Today, we dont really need to worry about polio. In the mid-1950s, scientists came up with a special treatment to decrease the chances of getting the disease. _46_ (give) to millions of children around the world, the treatment saved them all and offered them a good chance at a _47_(health) life.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Great magicians can change peoples attention easily. They do it with grand hand gestures. They also do it _48_ asking questions and changing the subject. Anyone can be a magician, but _49_(become)a great one, you have to work at it. Learning tricks isnt enough. You need to develop your performance and people skills, too. All of those _50_ (help) you put on a great show and surprise people with your magic.参考答案：1dating2To get3investigation【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了三星堆遗址及重新对遗址调查后的发现。1考查现在分词。句意：距今已有3000至4000年历史的三星堆遗址于1929年首次被发现。动词date和Sanxingdui Site之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作定语，故填dating。2考查动词不定式。句意：为了更好地了解这一独特的文明，考古学家在2019年10月重新对1号和2号坑进行了调查。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，句首单词的首字母应大写。故填To get。3考查名词。句意：为了更好地了解这一独特的文明，考古学家在2019年10月重新对1号和2号坑进行了调查。结合空前的an可知，此处填名词单数形式，此处指“重新进行调查”，investigation调查。故填investigation。4congratulated5Chinas6has achieved7be remembered【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述嫦娥五号圆满完成任务及其意义。4考查一般过去时。句意：周四国家主席习近平发来贺电，祝贺嫦娥五号任务的圆满成功，向参加嫦娥五号任务的全体同志致以热烈的祝贺和诚挚的问候。根据时间状语on Thursday可知，句子用一般过去时。故填congratulated。5考查名词所有格。句意：嫦娥五号作为我国复杂度最高的航天系统工程，首次实现了我国地外天体采样返回。空处修饰名词短语space project，应用名词所有格，表示所属关系。故填Chinas。6句意：嫦娥五号作为我国复杂度最高的航天系统工程，首次实现了我国地外天体采样返回。根据for the first time可知，句子应用现在完成时，表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，主语是名词单数mission，助动词用has。故填has achieved。7考查被动语态。句意：“我们的国家和人民将永远铭记你们卓越的功绩。”习说。主语feats和动词remember之间是被动关系，故此处用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为“will be+过去分词”。故填be remembered。8who9gifted10across【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述因工资问题而上了新闻的华中科技大学人工智能技术博士张琪。8考查定语从句。句意：张琪是华中科技大学人工智能技术专业的博士，最近因为薪水问题上了新闻。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Zhang Qi，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who引导。故填who。9考查形容词。句意：张加入了华为的“天才青年”计划，该计划旨在吸引全球人才。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词youngster，gifted有天赋的。故填gifted。10考查介词。句意：张加入了华为的“天才青年”计划，该计划旨在吸引全球人才。结合句意可知，此处指“从全世界吸引人才”，across the world全世界，固定短语。故填across。11longer12activities13that【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了全世界的人都喜欢运动。11考查比较级。句意：运动帮助人们保持健康，快乐，并帮助他们活得更长。根据句意和常识可知，运动可以让人们活得更长，所以用副词的比较级形式。故填longer。12考查名词的数。句意：游戏和体育运动往往产生于人们的工作和日常活动。名词activity为可数名词，日常活动有多种多样，所以用复数形式。故填activities。13考查状语从句。句意：有些运动很有趣，各地的人都喜欢。sothat如此以至于，引导结果状语从句。故填that。14named15teaches16to make【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了畅销书谁动了我的奶酪，这本书教会人们如何面对生活中的变化。14考查非谓语动词。句意：一本名为谁动了我的奶酪的书在全世界都很畅销。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。名词book与name之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填named。15考查时态。句意：它教会人们如何面对生活中的变化。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语为It，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填teaches。16考查非谓语动词。句意：相反，用这种改变来创造更好的生活。use sth. to do用做，空处需填动词不定式。故填to make。17waiting18caught19mine20what【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个男孩在公交站点拾到一个手提箱，并骑车追着公交车送还的故事17考查非谓语动词。句意：一天早上，有很多人在公共汽车站等车。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。名词people与wait之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填waiting。18考查时态。句意：一个男孩在公共汽车旁骑着自行车，挥舞着他的手臂，引起了我的注意。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语动词。根据文章时态可知，陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填caught。19考查代词。句意：一个女人喊道：“哦，天哪!它是我的。”表示“我的（手提箱）”，所以用名词性物主代词作表语。故填mine。20考查名词性从句。句意：在这之后，人们开始谈论这个男孩所做的事情，这群陌生人突然变得友好起来。分析句子结构可知，本句为宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，且指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。21will have22negatively23with【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们对待生活的态度将极大地影响未来成功的程度，积极的人生态度能给人们带来许多好处。21考查动词的时态。句意：你对生活的态度将极大地影响你未来成功的程度。分析句子成分可知，此处缺少谓语，根据后文“in the future”（在未来）可知，应用一般将来时态。故填will have。22考查副词。句意：通常，当你有一个不好的态度时，它会消极地影响你的行为。分析句子可知，此处修饰动词affects，需用副词形式。故填negatively。23考查介词。句意：所以，积极态度的另一个好处是你能够与他人建立更好的关系。have a good relationship with sb.为固定短语，意为“和某人关系很好”，with表示“和”。故填with。24Although25where26to receive【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文，主要讲的是Marlee虽然失聪，但是对生活很积极，父母把她送到一所公立学校，这所学校帮助她成为第一个获得奥斯卡奖的聋哑女演员。24考查连词。句意：虽然她什么都听不到，但她对生活很积极。由“she cant hear anything, she is positive towards life”可知，句子表示“虽然她什么都听不到，但她对生活很积极”，空格处意为“虽然”，是although，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Although。25考查定语从句。句意：她的父母把她送到一所公立学校，在特殊项目的帮助下，玛丽很快就习惯了那里的生活。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词school是地点，因此空格处用关系副词where，故填where。26考查不定式。句意：这所学校帮助她成为第一个获得奥斯卡奖的聋哑女演员。actress前有序数词first修饰，因此空格处用不定式作后置定语，修饰actress，故填to receive。27was held28known29had appeared30marking 【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述2月20日在北京举行的2022年冬季奥运会闭幕式。27考查时态语态。句意：2月20日，为纪念2022年冬季奥运会闭幕，北京举行了盛大的仪式。由句子分析可知，此空应填谓语，主语A grand ceremony为第三人称单数，与谓语hold为被动关系，且由on Feb 20 可知时态应用一般过去时。故填was held。28考查非谓语。句意：在国家体育场，也被称为鸟巢，仪式以孩子们手持雪花形灯笼跳舞开始。由句子分析可知，此空应填非谓语，且the National Stadium和know为被动关系，所以应用过去分词作状语。故填known。29考查时态。句意：在运动员进入场馆之前，体育场上方出现了传统的“中国结”图案。由句子分析可知，此空应填谓语，主语 A traditional “Chinese knot” pattern 和谓语appear为主动关系，且动作发生在 entered 前，所以应用过去完成时。故填had appeared。30考查非谓语。句意：红色的中国结被数字投影到天空，不仅标志着中国与世界的联系，也标志着奥林匹克精神的团结。由句子分析可知，此空应填非谓语，且主语 The red Chinese和mark为主动关系，所以这里应用现在分词作状语。故填marking。31endangered32will give33has been announced【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚考拉因为森林大火和砍伐树木，导致数量急剧下降。为更好保护考拉，政府将宣布了一项恢复计划。31考查形容词。句意：最近，澳大利亚政府将其列为濒危物种。分析句子结构，此处修饰后面名词species，用形容词形式作前置定语，endangered濒危的，符合题意。故填endangered。32考查时态。句意：政府将在未来给予考拉更大的保护，并且已经宣布了一项恢复计划。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词。根据in the future，可知此处动词用一般将来时，will give符合题意。故填will give。33考查时态和语态。句意：政府将在未来给予考拉更大的保护，并且已经宣布了一项恢复计划。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词。根据already，可知此处用现在完成时，动词announce与plan构成被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态，谓语动词用单数形式。has been announced符合题意。故填has been announced。34where35on36tougher【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自行车越野赛这项艰苦但有趣的运动。34考查定语从句。句意：自行车越野赛是一项艰苦但有趣的运动，骑手们要绕着公园或场地等越野赛道跑一圈。分析句子可知，此处包含一个限定性定语从句，先行词为sport，指代地点，且从句缺少地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导从句，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。35考查介词。句意：有时，他们可能会决定下车，在泥泞中奔跑，同时推着他们的自行车或把它扛在肩上。根据句意可知，此处表达“把自行车扛在肩上”，应用介词on (在上)。故填on。36考查形容词比较级。句意：比赛通常在秋季和冬季举行，当时的地面条件和天气使比赛更加艰难。根据句意和even可知，此处表示“甚至更艰难”，形容词应用比较级，作宾补。故填tougher。37typing38remotely39notes40whether#if【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨打字是否应该纳入学生课程当中, 以及是否采用打字的方式考试。37考查非谓语动词。句意：一些老师认为如今打字越来越重要了。动词type和谓语动词think之间没有连词，所以使用非谓语形式。分析句子结构，teachers是主句主语，think是主句谓语，think后面是宾语从句，is是系动词，more important是从句的表语。从句缺少主语，所以设空处需填type的动名词形式typing，充当宾语从句的主语。故填typing。38考查副词。句意：这不仅是因为采用远程学习的学生使用键盘，而非笔，也因为如今短信比手写笔记更加常见。learning是动词，设空处需填副词作状语，修饰learning。remote的副词是remotely。故填remotely。39考查名词。句意：这不仅是因为采用远程学习的学生使用的是键盘，而非笔，也因为如今短信比手写笔记更常见。note意为“笔记”时，是可数名词，因为其前面没有限定词，所以设空处需填复数形式notes。故填notes。40考查主语从句。句意：然而，这个建议是否采纳尚未确定。分析句子结构，it是形式主语，设空处引导主语从句。根据句意“是否”可知，设空处需填连词whether或if。故填whether或if。41are called42which43fastest【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了磁悬浮列车。41考查动词时态语态。句意：他们称之为磁悬浮高速列车，他们使用两组磁铁来移动。主语they和谓语动词 call是被动关系，介绍事实用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are called。42考查定语从句。句意：一组把火车推离轨道，另一组把火车往前推，让火车跑得更快，噪音也更小。指代前面一件事，用which引导非限制性定语从句，作主语。故填which。43考查形容词最高级。句意：现在世界上最快的列车是中国的磁悬浮列车。the 后面加形容词最高级。故填fastest。44causing45fell46Given47healthy【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了小儿麻痹症。44考查非谓语动词。句意：小儿麻痹症是一种可怕的疾病，会导致儿童失去移动和行走的能力。名词disease与cause之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填causing。45考查时态。句意：成千上万的孩子染上了这种疾病。此处缺乏谓语，陈述过去事实，所以用一般过去时。故填fell。46考查非谓语动词。句意：全世界数百万儿童接受了这种治疗，挽救了他们所有人的生命，并为他们提供了一个健康生活的好机会。逻辑主语the treatment与give之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Given。47考查形容词。句意：全世界数百万儿童接受了这种治疗，挽救了他们所有人的生命，并为他们提供了一个健康生活的好机会。修饰名词life，前用形容词形式作定语。故填healthy。48by#through49to become50will help#help【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。讲述了你成为伟大魔术师需要做到的事情。48考查介词。句意：他们也会通过问问题，改变话题。表示“通过做某事”用介词by 或through。故填by 或through。49考查非谓语动词。句意：任何人都可以成为魔术师，但要成为伟大的魔术师，你必须努力。为了成为伟大魔术师，你必须努力，用动词不定式表示目的。故填to become。50考查动词时态。句意：所有这些帮助你上演了一场伟大的表演，用你的魔术让人们惊讶。可以用一般现在时表示能帮助的事实，也可以用一般将来时表示掌握这些技巧将对你有帮助。故填will help或help。