英语八年级上册复习要点.doc

初中英语八年级上册复习要点Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?一：重点短语：（1）go on vacation去度假（2）feel like感受到（3）stay at home呆在家（4）go shopping去买东西（5）go to the mountains去爬山（6）in the past在过去（7）go to the beach去沙滩（8）walk around. 四处走走.（9）visit museums参观博物馆（10）too many太多（11）go to summer camp去夏令营（12）because of+短语因为（13）quite a few相当多，不少（14）one bowl of一碗（15）study for为而学习（16）find out查明，弄清（17）go out出去（18）take photos照相（19）most of the time大多数时间（20）something important 重要的事情（21）taste good尝起来不错（22）up and down（23）have a good time过得愉快（24）come up上上下下（25）of course当然（26）come down 上来 下来二：重点语法：（1）Where did you go on vacation? I went to New York City.（2）Did you go out with anyone? No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation.（3）Did you buy anything special? Yes, I bought something for my father.(4）How was the food? Everything tasted really good? （5）Did everyone have a good time Oh，yes. Everything was excellent.三：习惯用法：（1）buy sth for sb./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物 （2）taste + adj. 尝起来（3）nothing .but + V.(原形) 除了之外什么都没有 （4）seem + (to be) + adj （5）. arrive in + 大地方 arrive at + 小地方 到达某地 （6） decide to do sth.（7）. try doing sth. （8）try to do sth.（9）try ones best to do sth 尽力做某事 10）enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 （11）want to do sth. 想去做某事 （12）start doing sth. 开始做某事 （13）stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop doing sth 停下来做某事 （14）look + adj 看起来 （15）dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 （16）Why not do sth. 为什么不做.呢？ （17）so + adj + that 从句如此以至于（18）tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人/不要做某事 （19） keep doing sth. 继续做某事 （20）.forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事forget doing sth忘记做过某事四：词语辨析：1 、anywhere 与 somewhere 两者都是不定副词。 anywhere 在任何地方 ， 常用于否定句和疑问句中。I cant find it anywhere. somewhere 在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。 I lost my key somewhere near here. 2 、seem + 形容词 看起来. You seem happy today. seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a coldI seems / seemed + 从句 看起来好像；似乎. It seems that no one believe you. seem like .好像，似乎. 3 、decide to do sth.决定做某事4 、It seems like a god idea. They decide to visit the museum.decide + 疑问词 + 动词不定式 He can not decide when to leave. start doing sth = start to do sth. 开始，可与 begin 互换 。He started doing his homework. 5 、over 介词，多于，超过，在以上（表示数目、程度）= more thanMy father is over 40 years old. too many 太多，后接可数名词复数： Mother bought too many eggs yesterday. too much 太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。 We have too much work to do. 7 Dont talk too much.6、because of 因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。He cant take a walk because of the rain. because 连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。 I dont buy the shirt because it was too expensive.8 、too,to 太.以至于不能. Mother is too tired to go to school. 9 、have fun doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣Unit 2 How often do you exercise?一：短语：（1）help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事 （2）go shopping去买东西（3）on weekends在周末（4）how often 多常（5）hardly ever几乎从不（6）once a week一星期一次（7）twice a month一个月两次（8）go to the movies 去看电影 （9）every day 每天（10）use the Internet 上网（11）be freebe not busy=have time 有空 （12）have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈和钢琴课 （13）swing dance摇摆舞（14）play tennis打网球（15）stay up late熬夜到很晚（16）go to sleep睡觉（17）go to bed上床睡觉（18）at least至少，不少于，起码19、go to bed early上床睡觉早（20）play sports做运动（21）be good for（22）be good at doing sth擅长做某事（23）go camping去野营（24）in ones free time 在某人的业余时间里 （25）the most popular最受欢迎的（26）such as例如.像.这样（27）go to the dentist 看牙科医生（28）more than多于（29）old habits lie hard旧习难改（30）less than少于（31）junk food垃圾食品（32）take care of sb 照料某人 （33）look after sb 照顾某人（34）have to do sth 必须做某事 （35）get in进入（36）be late for 迟到二：语法要点：（1）What do you usually do on weekends? I always exercise. （2）What do they do on weekends? They often help my mother with housework.（3）What does she do on weekends? She sometimes goes shopping.（4）How often do you go to the movies? I go to the movies maybe once a month.（5）How often does he watch TV? He hardly ever watches TV.（6）Do you go shopping? No, I never go shopping.三：习惯用法：1. help sb. with sthhave sb do sth 2. How about doing?3. want sb. to do sth. 4. How many + 可数名词复数+ 一般疑问句 5. 主语+ find+ that 从句 6. Its + adj.+ to do sth. 7. spend time with sb. 8. ask sb. about sth.9. by doing sth. 10. Whats your favorite.? 11 start doing sth. 12. the best way to do sth. 13.full of 14.what about doing sth15.not.at all 一点儿也不 16、I dont like it at all.四：词语辨析：1. free 空闲的，有空的， 反义词为 busy. Ill be free next week. = Ill have time next week. 2. How come？ 怎么会？ 怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引 导一个问句， 相当于疑问句 why, 但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。 How come Tom didnt come to the party? = Why didnt Tom come to the party? 3. stay up late 指“熬夜到很晚，迟睡”。 Dont stay up late next time. stay up 指“熬夜，不睡觉”。 He stayed up all night to write his story. 4. go to bed 强调“上床睡觉”的动作及过程，但人不一定睡着。I went to bed at eleven last night. go to sleep 强调“入睡，睡着，进入梦乡”。 She was so tired that she went to sleep soon. be free 有空，闲着，相当于 have time.5. find + 宾语 +名词, 发现 ： We have found him (to be) a good boy. find + 宾语 + 形容词， 发现： He found the room dirty. find + 宾语 + 现在分词， 发现 ： I found her standing at the door. 6. percent 百分数， 基数词 + percent： percent 没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词 来判断谓语的单复数。 Forty percent of the students in our class are girls. time passed.7. more than 超过，多于，不仅仅， 相当于 over. 在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换。反义词 组为：less than. I lived in Shanghai for more than / over ten years. Thirty percent of8. afraid 形容词， 担心的，害怕的，在句中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。 Im afraid we cant come here on time. be afraid of sb / sth 害怕某人 / 某事； be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事。 Some children are afraid of the dark. Dont be afraid of asking question.Im afraid + 从句， 恐怕， 担心： Im afraid I have to go now. 9. sometimes , sometime, some times , some time 的区别： sometimes 频度副词， 有时。表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，可位于句首、句 中或句末。Sometimes I get up very early. sometime 副词，某个时候。 表示不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它用疑问 词 when.如： I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. -When will you go to Shanghai next week? some times 名词词组， 几次，几倍。其中 time 是可数名词，对它提问用 how many times. I have read the story some times. -How many times have you read the story?some time 名词短语， 一段时间. 表示“一段时间”时，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词，提问时用 How long. 如： I ll stay here for some time. -How long will you stay here? 10.how often 多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用：once，twice, three times 等词语。 How often do you play sports? Three times a week.how long 多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。 How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here? How long is the ruler?how far 多远， 用来询问距离，指路程的远近。 How far is it from here to the park? Its about 2 kilometers.Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister一：短语归纳与用法： （1）more outgoing 更外向 （2）the singing competition 唱歌比赛 （3）the same as 和相同；与一致 （4）care about 关心；介意 （5）the most important 最重要的 （6）bring out 使显现；使表现出 （7）reach for 伸手取 （8）make friends 交朋友 （9）touch ones heart 感动某人 （10）be good at 擅长 （11）have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣 （12）make sb. do sth.让某人做某事 （13）as+adj./adv.的原级+as 与一样14）Its+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事是的（15）asas与一样（16）be similar to 与相像的/类似的 （17）be different from 与不（18）be like a mirror 像一面镜子（19）as long as 只要；既然 （20）get better grades 取得更好的成（21）in fact 事实上；实际上 （22）the other 其他的 （23）be talented in music 有音乐天赋 （24）be good with 善于与相处 （25）be good at doing sth 擅长做某事 （26）want to do sth.想要做某事二：语法知识： （1）Is Tom smarter than Sam? No, he isnt. Sam is smarter than Tom.（2）Is Tara more outgoing than Tina? No, she isnt. Tina is more outgoing than Tara. （3）Are you as friendly as your sister? No, Im not. Im friendlier.（4）Does Tara work as hard as Tina? Yes, she does.（5）Whos more hardworking at school? Tina thinks she works harder than me.三：词语辨析： （1）laugh v. & n. 笑 We all laughed loudly when she made a joke. 她说了个笑话，我们都大声笑起来。 We all laughed at his joke. 听了他的笑话我们都笑起来。 He laughs best who laughs last. 谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。/不要高兴得太早。 与 at 连用嘲笑 Dont laugh at him. 别嘲笑他。 People have often laughed at stories told by seamen. 人们常常嘲笑海员所讲的故事。Everyone laughed at his foolish antics. 大家都笑他那种愚蠢的滑稽动作。 名词：笑；笑声 We had a good laugh at his joke. 我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。 （2）though conj. 虽然；纵然；即使；尽管 = although Though it was raining，he went there. 虽然当时正下着雨，他还是到那里去了。 Though he was poor he was happy. 虽然他很穷却很快乐。 注意：在 though 引导的从句后不使用 but。如： Though he was poor，but he was happy.（误） though adv. 不过，可是，然而，常用于句末，用逗号隔开。四：形容词与副词的比较级大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。1规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。构成法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词末尾加-er，-esttall（高的）great（巨大的）tallergreatertallestgreatest以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r，-stnice（好的）large（大的）nicerlargernicestlargest以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-estbig（大的）hot（热的）biggerhotterbiggesthottest“以辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er， -esteasy（容易的）busy（忙的）easierbusiereasiestbusiest少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词末尾加-er，-estclever（聪明的）narrow（窄的）cleverernarrowercleverestnarrowest其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级important（重要的）easily（容易地）more importantmore easilymost importantmost easily2不规则变化原级比较级最高级good（好的）well（健康的）betterbestbad（坏的）ill（有病的）worseworstold（老的）older/elderoldest/eldestmuch/many（多的）moremostlittle（少的）lessleastfar（远的）farther/furtherfarthest/furthest形容词比较级的用法1 双方比较，表示一方超过另一方时，用“比较级+than”结构表示，意为“比”。如：This bike is better than that one.这辆自行车比那辆好。2 表示一方不如另一方时，用“less+原级+than”结构表示，意为“不如”。如：This room is less beautiful than that one .这个房间不如那个房间漂亮。3 表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时，可在比较级前加表示程度的状语。如：even, a lot, a bit, a little , still, much, far , yet, by far等。如：The weather is even worse than yesterday.天气比昨天更糟糕了。4 表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用“the +比较级（主语+谓语），the +比较级（主语+谓语）”结构，如：The harder he works, the happier he feels.他工作越努力，感到越快乐。5 不与其他事物相比，表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级+and+比较级”的结构，意为“越来越”。如：The weather is getting hotter and hotter.天气越来越热了。The girl becomes more and more beautiful.这个女孩变得越来越漂亮了。6 在比较从句中，为避免重复，常用that(those),one(ones)代替前面出现的词。如：The book on the chair is more interesting than that on the desk.椅子上那本书比桌子上那本有趣。7 表示两者在某一方面相同时用“as+形容词或副词原形+as“的句型。如：I think English is as important as math.我认为英语和数学一样重要。Tom runs as fast as jack.汤姆跑地和杰克一样快。8 表示一方在某一方面不及另一方时用“not as /so+形容词或副词原形+as”的句型。如：It is not as/so warm today as yesterday.今天不如昨天暖和。He did not come as /so early as Wang Lin.他不如王林来得早。这种句型可以和第2种“less +原级+than “转换”。It is less warm today than yesterday.He came less early than Wang Lin.Unit 4一：重点句型： 1. It has the biggest screens.Whats the best movie theater2. The DJs choose songs the most carefuuly. 3. How do you like it so far? 到目前为止，你认为它怎么样？ 4. Thanks forget telling me. 5. Can I ask you some questions? 二：重点短语： （1）movie theater 电影院（2）be close to离近（3）clothes store 服装店（4）in town 在镇上（5）so far 到目前为止（6）10 minutes by bus 坐公共汽车 10 分钟的路程 （7）talent show 才艺表演 （8）have.in common 有相同特征（想法、兴趣方面）相同（9）around the world 世界各地；全世界（10）more and more越来越（11）and so on 等等（12）all kinds of各种各样的（13）be up to 是的职责；由决定 （14）not everybody 并不是每个人 （15）make up 编造（故事、谎言等） （16）play a role in在方面发挥作用/有影响 （17）play a role in doing sth. （18）no problem 没什么，别客气（19）for example 例如（20） takeseriously 认真对待（21）give sb. sth.给某人某物22）come true（梦想、希望）实现；达到（23）play a role 发挥作用，有影响 发挥做某事的作用（24）Thanks for doing sth.因做某事而感谢。（25）much+ adj./adv.的比较级 得多 （26）watch sb. do sth.观看某人做某事（27）play a role in doing sth.发挥做某事是作用/在做某事方面扮演重要的角色 （28） one of+可数名词的复数之一（29） Can I ask you some?我能问你一些吗？（30）How do you like? （32）how much.?多少钱？ （34）How many? 多少？（31）What do you think of?你认为怎么样? （33）How far?多远？ （35）How long.?多长？三：形容词最高级形式的构成 (1)单音节词和部分双音节词在原级后加-est构成，具体情况如下： 单音节词及部分双音节词在词尾后加-est。 great-greatest clever-cleverest 以e结尾的单词，在词尾后加st。nice-nicest fine-finest 以辅音字母y结尾的单词，把y变为i，再加-est。 happy-happiest heavy-heaviest 重读闭音节单词末尾只有一个辅音字母的单词，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-est。 hot-hottest big-biggest (2)绝大多数双音节和多音节形容词前面加most构成最高级。 important-most important interesting-most interesting beautiful-most beautiful popular-most popular difficult-most difficult creative-most creative boring-most boring expensive-most expensive (3)不规则变化 少数形容词(和副词)的比较级及最高级变化不规则，我们要熟记。 goodwell-better-*best badillbadly-worse-*worst manymuch-+more-+most little-less-leastfarther-*farthest further_furthestUnite 5一：重要短语： 1、find out查明，弄清2、 be ready to do准备好做某事（3）dress up 装扮，乔装打扮4、take sbs place 代替，替换5、do a good job干得好6、 think of +名词或动词短语认为.7、game shows 游戏节目（8）learn from 从.获得、向学习（9）talk shows脱口秀10）soap opera肥皂剧（11）go on发生（12） watch a movie观看一场电影13）one of the main reasons 最主要的原因之一（14）watch a sitcom 观看一部情景喜剧 15、action movies动作电影16、come out出来/出版/开放17）try ones best尽力，竭尽全力18）a pair of 一双，一对19、as famous as一样著名（20）look like像（21）around the world 全世界、世界各地（22）have a discussion about就.讨论（23）one day有一天（24）such as 比如（25）a symbol of .的象征（26）something enjoyable令人愉快的东西（27）interesting information 有趣的资料（28）happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事（29）expect to do sth.盼望做某事（30）TV shows 电视节目31、in the 1930s在20世纪30年代32、not so as不像那样二：重要句型： （1）What do you think of talk shows? I dont mind them. I cant stand them. I love them.（2）I hope to be a TV reporter one day. （3）Do you want to a game show?4、What do you plan to watch tonight? I plan to watch Days of Our Past.5、Why do you like watching the news ? Because I hope to find out whats going on around the world.6、One of the main reasons is that Mickey was like a common man三：常用法： （1）let sb do sth. 让某人做某事 2）hope to do sth. 希望做某事3、expect to do sth. 期待做某事 4、be always ready to do sth. 总是准备做某事（5）try ones best to do sth. 尽力做某事（6）not so .as 不像那样.；不如.这么（7）love ding sth 喜爱做某事 （8）plan to do sth. 计划做某事 （9）mind doing sth 介意做某事 （10） How /what about doing做某事怎么样？（11） become +adj 变得. （12）thank you for doing sth 谢谢你做某事四：语词辨析： 1、 the other, the others, other, others, another the other 表示特指两个或者两部份中的另一个或另一部分，可直接单数名词或复数名词。表示两 个中的一个另一个时，常用 one the other。例： He has two brothers, one is a teacher, the other is a doctor. There are forty students in our class. twenty-one are girls, the other nineteen are boys.the others 特指某一范围内的其他的（人或物），是 the other 的复数形式，相当于 the other+复 数名词。the other + 复数名词 = any other + 名词单数。例： You two stay here, the others go with me. Im different from Jeff because Im louder than the other kids (any other kid) in my class. other 作代词或形容词，可修饰可数名词单数或复数。例： We learn Chinese, Maths, English and other subjects. others 作代词，泛指“其他的人或物”。 例： Some students are doing homework,，others are talking loudly. another 泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个”，只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。例： I dont like this one. Please show me another