高考英语短文改错的命题特点及解题技巧--优点英语.doc

高考英语短文改错的命题特点及解题技巧短文改错题是集各项语法规则和语言技能于一体的综合性试题。主要考查学生在篇章结构中综合运用语言知识的能力、理解的准确度及掌握的熟练程度。尽管短文本身文字难度不大，却是高考中得分较低的试题之一。考生要想在高考中取得较高分，除了要有扎实的基本功，还应了解改错题的命题特点及解题技巧。一、改错题的命题特点一）综观近几年高考短文改错题，命题形式有： “缺词”为12处； “多词”，一般为12处； “错词”为6处； “正确”为1处。二）高考短文改错的错误类型：1、词法方面1）名词的数：如Ill get good marks in all my subject.subjects2）人称代词、物主代词：如The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.their3）指示代词：如Although this few words sound simple enough , these4）反身代词：如 On Thursday I will have to decide what I want myself to do over myself5）不定代词：如Now someone at home reads instead.everyone/everybody2、动词：1）动词的时态、语态：如At once I apologize and controlled me at my best till the dinner started.apologized2）非谓语动词：如I was often a little tired after a days work and watch TV demands very little effort. watching3）动词短语：如Holiday and birthday postcards from relatives and letters from friends can all provide you for stamps from all over the world.with3、形容词、副词的词性及比较等级:如Yes, a concert can be very excited.exciting4、冠词：如We may be one family and live under a same roofthe5、介词：如Can you tell me about what I should do?about6、句法方面：1）主谓一致：如Now the picture and prize is hanging in the library.are2）并列连词：（and, but, or, so等）：如 She was smiling but nodding at me.and3）从属连词（引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、状语从句等）：如I felt so nervous as I shook like a leaf.that4）关系代词/关系副词（引导定语从句）：如I live in Beijing, where is the capital.which5）感叹句、疑问句、祈使句的结构：如Working hard, and youll succeed at last. Work7、词义的重叠：如Whenever I see them, I will often think of my English teacher.often8、固定搭配：如In any other words, I am an only child. any二、改错题的答题技巧做短文改错可分三步走：第一步：浏览全文，理解大意。短文改错要以句子为单位而不是以行为单位，读到句号为止。要注意行首与行尾之间的关系，上下文之间的逻辑关系。第二步：先易后难，各个击破。在第一次阅读时，找出明显的错误。一些逻辑错误必须联系上下文才能发现，待对全文有了更进一步的了解之后，回头再做一遍，就会迅速找到错误所在。第三步：还原检查，查漏补缺。把改过后的词语放入短文中，再从头到尾看一遍，从语法、语义和逻辑关系等方面检查验证。掌握了这些解题技巧后，改错能力一定会明显提高。Dear friends, It is real a good chance to have met all of you here.76._We have spent several precious weekend in learning in the77 ._English Club. Although we have been members for a short78._period of time, we have made a great progress. That is79._because we are all very much active and the activities are not 80._only enjoyable and also helpful. Besides, the foreign teachers81._here work hard and try his best to make the activities82._lively and interested. I am very pleased to say that all of 83._us greatly improved our spoken English so far. I am84._looking forward to see all of you again in the near future!85._Thank you.从试题我们可以看出：1、第79和80小题为多词题，正确答案应为：把左边原文中的“a”和“much”用斜线（ ）划掉，在这两行的右边横线上分别写出“a”和“much”，并也用斜线（ ）分别将这两个词划掉。而有些考生却在左边原文“a”和“much”的下面划一横线，或既用斜线划掉这两个词又在这两个词下边划线，虽然右边横线上的符号写对了，但也不能得分。2、第84小题为少词题，应在“greatly”之前加一个漏字符号（），并在该行右边横线上写出该加的词“have”。而不少考生将漏字符号写成（），或在右边横线上所写的“have”之前加上不必加的漏字符号而被扣分。3、第76、77、81、82、83和85六个小题为错词题，应在左边原文错的词“real”、“weekend”、“and”、“his”、“interested”和“see”下面分别划一横线并在这些词对应行的右边横线上分别写出改正后的“really”、“weekends”、“but”、“their”、“interesting”和“seeing”。而一些考生却将左边的横线划成条纹线而失分。 4