高三英语一轮复习之定语从句专项训练含答案.doc

2021-2022学年高三一轮复习之定语从句专项训练一、单项选择1December 25 is the day_ westerners celebrate as their Christmas Day.AwhenBthatCasDon which2The workers believe the assembly hall _ the curtain need to be changed _ rebuilding.Awhich; deserveBof which; is deservedCwhose; deservesDof which; deserves3He has reached the point he can solve almost every software problem his colleagues may meet in daily work.AwhichBwhenCwhereDthat4Do you know _ they got to know each other?It was last year _ they both taught Chinese in the USA .Awhen it was that; thatBwhen it was that; whenCwhen was it that; whenDwhen was it that; that5Recently, a programmer criticized the “996” work schedule _ employees work from 9 am to 9 pm, 6 days a week, with the prospect of ending up in an intensive care unit.AwhereBwhenCwhichDwhose6The reason _he didnt come was _he was ill.Awhy; thatBthat; whyCfor that; thatDfor which; what7It was in the lab _was in the charge of Professor Smith _they carried out the experiment.Awhere；thatBwhich；whereCthat；whereDwhich；that8We have entered into an age _ dreams have the best chance of coming true.AwhichBwhatCwhenDthat9When faced with a big challenge _ potential failure seems to hide at every corner, maybe youve heard this advice before: “Be more confident.”AwhereBwhoseCwhichDof which10Large tracks have also been discovered_some people say belong to the Wild ManAwhereBwhichCwhenDwhat11The machine might break down someday in the future, _, you can dial this number for help.Ain that caseBin what caseCin which caseDin whose case12Recently I bought a beautiful car, _ was reasonable.Aof which priceBthe price of whoseCthe price of whichDwhich price13Occasions are not uncommon_we have to cancel our plan due to something unexpected.Awhere.Bthat .Cwhich.Dwhen.14Whitney Houstons sudden death suggests that drug abuse is such a serious problem_ we should deal with properly.AwhichBwhereCasDthat15The Nobel Peace Prize is given to such people _ have made great contributions to maintaining global peace and stability.AthatBwhomCasDwho16（2018江苏）Self-drivingisanarea_ Chinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestarting line.AthatBwhereCwhichDwhen17（2018北京）She and her family bicycle to work, _ helps them keep fit.AwhichBwhoCasDthat18Their child is at the stage _ she can say individual words but not full sentences.AwhyBwhereCwhichDwhat19Many lessons are now available online, from _ students can choose for free.AwhoseBwhichCwhenDwhom20（2018天津）Kae, _sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.AwhomBthatCwhoseDher二、用单词的适当形式完成句子在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.21In addition to this traditional medical treatment, he tried to put himself in situations _ would bring about positive emotions.22Gone are the days _ surgery meant cutting a patient open. Modern medicine offers doctors less invasive tools to operate on disease-stricken bodies.23Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree _they can be controlled on purpose.24Disney, _ money was now no problem, started a new film company.25There is no simple answer, _ is often the case in science.26_ enters the computer rooms should take off his shoes in order to keep them clean enough.27Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _ he could have expressed it differently.28Excuse me, sir. Would you do me a favor?Of course. What is it?I _(wonder) if you could tell me how to fill out this form.29They believed that by using computers the production of their factory _(increase) greatly.30He wrote a letter to me _(inform) about whats going on in the world.31The manager has decided to put _ he thinks is energetic and clever in the position of the leadership of the company.32The government stressed that efforts must be made to prevent risks _ (arise) from gathering of tourists.33But for the medical teams efforts, more lives _(claim) in this pandemic.34We choose this hotel because the price for a night is down to $ 20, half of _ it used to charge.35What you did seems _ (violate) the law. It wont be long before you are sent into prison.36The importance of music and the effort _ has on childrens intelligence development has been widely acknowledged.37It is necessary that every rule we set up _(apply) to everyone.38Hard _ the doctors had tried to save his life, the scholar died in the end.39It is the third time that the little boy _ (subscribe) to China Daily.40TikTok, known as Douyin in China, is a social media platform _ short videos can be edited and uploaded easily.三、完成句子41约翰没有按时服药，他妈妈很生气。John didnt take medicine on time, _ made his mother angry.42这所学校就是他父亲曾经学习过的学校。The school is _ _ one _ his father has ever studied in.43这是我曾看过的第一部美国电影。This is the first American film _ I have ever seen.44谁是你家的顶梁柱？_ is the person _ supports your family？45己所不欲，勿施于人。Treat others in the way _ _ you want to be treated.46信不信由你，没有什么标准英语。Believe it or not, _ _ _ _ _ _standard English.47这是一道无人能解答的难题。This is such a difficult problem_ _ _ _ _.48他是我的一个老同学, 我前几天在街上遇见他.He is one of my old schoolmates, _ _ _ the other day in the street.49我和我的朋友一起走到山顶，在那里我们欣赏到了美丽的湖景。I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the lake.50警察加强了对三天前失踪的那个男孩的搜寻工作。The police have stepped _ their search for the boy _ went missing three days ago.四、选用适当的单词或短语补全句子根据句意，选择单词或短语并以其适当形式填空。which, why, where, When, what, that, whoever, whatever, how51Good news has been spread _ more new books will be bought by the school library.52The reason _ he was late was that he had taken a wrong bus.53The news spread quickly through the campus that we would have a longer holiday, _ made all the students wild with joy.54John looks down today, whats up? Well, _ happened between John and me is none of your business.55The new shopping mall will be located in what used to be a wasteland and a huge garden will be constructed _ there were numbers of tombs.56His eyes stare at _ is left of the brothers dinner on the table.57Knowing how to book can be of help to _ wants to do the job.58_ he will come back home is still a question.59The difficulty we now meet with is _ we can persuade him to tell the truth.试卷第5页，总5页参考答案1B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：12月25日是西方人庆祝圣诞节的日子。先行词为the day，关系词在从句中作celebrate的宾语，故B项正确。2D【详解】考查定语从句和主动表达被动。句意：工人们认为窗帘需要更换的礼堂应当重建。根据定语从句中，whose sth=the sth of which/whom=of which/whom the sth（某人/某物的）可知，因为curtain前面有定冠词the，故用第一空of which the sth的结构；由believe判断本句为一般现在时，deserve的主语是the assembly hall，故用deserves。deserve doing “值得做某事”主动表达被动。故选D项。3C【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他已经能够解决同事们在日常工作中遇到的几乎所有软件问题。先行词为the point，从句中不缺主宾表，缺少地点状语，故C项正确。【点睛】分析句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为the point，从句中不缺主宾表，缺少地点状语，the point where表示“的地步”。4B【详解】考查强调句作宾语从句和定语从句。强调句的特殊疑问句的结构是：疑问词+is/was it +that/who，在第一句话中强调句的特殊问句是做宾语从句，语序变成陈述句，it在was前面，根据句意：-你知道他们什么时候认识的吗？-就是在他们在苏格兰教汉语的去年认识的。可知第二空是定语从句，不是强调句，先行词是last year，定语从句缺少时间状语。选B。【点睛】做这类题目要考虑全面，不仅要看出是强调句还是定语从句，也要注意这是宾语从句，语序的问题也要弄清，要求能力很高。5A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最近，一名程序员批评了“996”工作计划，即员工每周工作6天，从早上9点工作到晚上9点，最后可能被送进重症监护室。_ employees work from 9 am to 9 pm, 6 days a week是一个定语从句，先行词是the “996” work schedule在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。故选项A。6A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：她没能来的原因是他生病了。the reason why.为固定句型“.的原因是.”而后面的he was ill是一个完整的句子，不缺少任何的成分，所以用that引导表语从句。故选A。7D【解析】试题分析：句意:就是在史密斯教授负责的实验室里，他们进行了这个实验。第一空是which引导的定语从句，它在从句中做主语，先行词是lab，第二空是强调句型中的that，被强调的部分是地点状语in the lab，判断强调句型的方法是把It was that去掉整个句子不缺成分，是成立的。故选D。考点：考查强调句型及定语从句的用法。点评：本题难度适中。强调句型是高中阶段的重难点之一，也是高考的热点，需要考生有分析理解句子的结构的能力。尤其把强调句型与定语从句混合在一起考查更增加了试题的难度。即学即练：It was in NewZealand _ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. A. that B.how C.which D. when解析：A。强调地点状语in New Zealand.8C【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中作时间状语，所以关系词用when。故选C。9A【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当面对一个巨大的挑战时，潜在的失败似乎无处不在，也许你以前听过这个建议:“更自信。”_ potential failure seems to hide at every corner是一个定语从句，先行词是 a big challenge，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选A。10B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：有人说，属于野人的大脚印被发现。分析句子可知some people say 是插入语，_some people say belong to the Wild Man是一个定语从句，先行词是tracks，关系词在定语从句中作主语，指物，所以用which ，故选B。11C【解析】试题分析： 考查定语从句。句意：机器在将来某天坏了，在这种情况下，你可以打这个号码求助。先行词是上面这件事，所以定语从句用in which case。考点 : 考查定语从句12C【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最近我买了一辆美丽的汽车，它的价钱合理。句中先行词为a beautiful car，the price of which =" whose" price，也可以用of which the price，故选C。13D【详解】考查定语从句。句意：由于一些意想不到的事情，我们不得不取消计划，这种情况并不少见。句中包含定语从句，先行词是Occasions，在定语从句中作时间状语，指“在这种情况下”，用关系副词when引导。故选D.【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为名词Occasions，再分析先行词Occasions在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词Occasions带到从句中可知作时间状语，故确定关系词when.14C【详解】考查定语从句。句意：Whitney Houston的突然死亡，表明滥用药物是我们应当恰当处理的严重问题。此处是“such as”表示“和一样”的用法。当前面的先行词是有such修饰的时候，定语从句中的关系词应该用as，它在从句中作宾语，其他的关系词不能用，故选C。15C【详解】考查定语从句。句意：诺贝尔和平奖颁给那些为维护世界和平与稳定做出巨大贡献的人。先行词是people，先行词在定语从句中做主语，suchas是固定结构，故选C。16B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：无人驾驶是一个中国和世界其它国家都在同一起跑线的领域。句中先行词为area，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，相当于in which。故选B。点睛：本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从句需抓住两点：1.找准先行词。2.看先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。17A【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于她们保持健康。“_ helps them keep fit”是非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰整个主句，引导词在从句中做主语，故该从句应用关系代词which引导。A选项正确。点睛：非限制性定语从句即可修饰主句的一部分，也可以修饰整个主句。其引导词的选择和限制性定语从句的判断规则一致，即：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。需要注意的是，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。18B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she can say individual words but not full sentences是一个定语从句，先行词是the stage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选B。19B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是many lessons，关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which引导。故选B。20C【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了。我们在大学的时候，我和她的姐姐共住一室。分析句子，句中先行词为Kate，在非限定性定语从句中作名词sister的定语，故用关系代词whose。故选C。点睛：本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从句需抓住两点：1.找准先行词；2.看先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。21which/that22when23to which24for whom25As26Whoever27That28was wondering29would increase/would be increased30informing【分析】21考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，“would bring about positive emotions”是定语从句，句中的先行词是 situations（指物），在从句中作主语；故填which/that。22考查定语从句。从句整个修饰days“那些日子”为名词，故为定语从句。分析从句结构可知，主语 surgery 谓语meant 宾语cutting a patient 句子结构完整。关系代词只能充当从句的状语。所以只能选择when。前面gone are the days 是倒装结构。故填when。23考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，to which中的which指代前面提到的degree，由于表示“在程度上”时，degree前面习惯上要搭配介词to。故填to which。24考查定语从句。分析句子结构及其意思可知，介词for提前，用宾格形式。故填for whom。25考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处as引导定语从句指代整个主句内容，含有“正如”之意，定语从句部分译为“在科学上这是常有的事”。故填as。26考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，主语从句缺少主语，根据意思分析主语为人，且意为“无论谁”。故填Whoever。27考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，句意：杰里不后悔给出评论，但是他觉得他本来可以用另一种不同的方式来表达。felt后面应该是一个宾语从句，分析宾语从句可知，这是一个完整的句子，不缺句子成分。故填that。28考查过去进行时。分析句子结构可知，过去进行时可以表示一种过去一段时间的状态。后面的if译作“是否”。这种进行时有一种谦虚礼貌的成分在里面。注意：如果填改成wondered也可，不过就没有那么礼貌了。故填was wondering。29考查过去将来时的被动态和主动态。分析句子结构可知，产量是被使用电脑提高的。故使用被动态。又有by using computers 方式状语提前。此处也可以理解为产量自己提高，故亦可使用主动态。故填would increase/would be increased。30考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知主句结构完整，已经有了一个谓语wrote，且此处是“He”主动通知我，为主动的意味。故填informing。【点睛】定语从句关系词的选择可考虑以下三点:(1) -看先行词的意义,即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或who whom ,指人时通常不用which等)。(2)二看关系词的句法功能,即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分,是做主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose ,有时也用which ;作状语要用when, where, why) ;作状语要。(3)三看定语从句的种类,即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)。分析第5小题，此处as引导定语从句指代整个主句内容，含有“正如”之意，定语从句部分译为“在科学上这是常有的事”。故填as。31whoever32arising33would have been claimed34what35to have violated36it37apply38as39have subscribed40where【解析】31考查宾语从句。句意：经理已决定把他认为精力充沛、聪明的人任命为公司的领导。_ he thinks is energetic and clever in the position of the leadership of the company.是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，表示“任何人”，所以填whoever。32考查非谓语动词。句意：政府强调，必须努力防止游客聚集带来的风险。prevent sb. / sth. doing sth.防止某人/某物做某事，所以填arising。33考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是医疗队的努力，这场大流行病会夺去更多的生命。这是一个含蓄虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的假设，主句：主语 + should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他。claim 意思是夺去，“生命”和“夺去”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以填would have been claimed。34考查宾语从句。句意：我们选择这家酒店是因为一晚的价格降到了20美元，是过去的一半。_ it used to charge.是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，指代“所需的费用”，所以填what。35考查固定用法和不定式的完成式。句意：你的所作所为似乎违反了法律。不久你就会被送进监狱。seem to do sth.似乎做某事，该用法是固定用法，“违反法律”先于“被送进监狱”，用不定式的完成式，所以填to have violated。36考查代词。句意：音乐的重要性及其对儿童智力发展的作用，已得到广泛承认。_ has on childrens intelligence development是一个定语从句，省略了关系词that，修饰先行词the effort，该空是定语从句的主语，指代music，所以填it。37考查主语从句的虚拟语气。句意：我们制定的每一条规则必须适用于每个人。分析句子结构，that every rule we set up _(apply) to everyone. 是主语从句，it是形式主语。we set up是省略了that的定语从句，修饰先行词every rule。It is necessary that结构中，在主语从句中，谓语动词用should + 动词原形，should可以被省略的虚拟语气，所以填apply。38考查部分倒装。句意：尽管医生们竭力挽救他的生命，这位学者最后还是去世了。as可引起让步状语从句，表示“虽然、尽管”，但要用部分倒装结构，副词 + as + 主语 + 谓语部分，所以填as。39考查时态。句意：这是这个小男孩第三次订阅中国日报。It is the first ( second . ) time that .句型中的 that 从句谓语动词用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。根据It is，可知用现在完成时，所以填have subscribed.40考查定语从句。句意：TikTok，在中国被称为抖音，是一个可以轻松编辑和上传短视频的社交媒体平台。_ short videos can be edited and uploaded easily.是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a social media platform，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以填关系副词where。41which【详解】考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代上文整句话的内容，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。42the same that 【详解】考查定语从句。根据句意可知，前一空是指同一所学校，要用the same。分析句子可知，本句是定语从句，其中的先行词是one，在定语从句中作in的宾语。定语从句中先行词有the same修饰时，如果是指同一个，关系词用that。故填(1). the (2). same (3). that。43that【详解】考查定语从句的引导词。本句为定语从句修饰先行词film，且先行词由the first序数词修饰，关系代词只能用that。故填that。44Who that 【详解】考查疑问代词和定语从句连接词。本句中提问的是“谁”，故应用疑问代词who。且定语从句修饰先行词person，先行词在从句中做主语，指人，故用关系代词that或who，为了避免重复，我们选用that。故填Who和that。45in which 【详解】考查定语从句。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词way，指“方式”且way搭配介词为in，故填in；which。46there is no such thing as 【详解】考查there be句型和定语从句。根据句意，陈述客观情况，用一般现在时，表示“没有”应用句型there is no，句中包含一个定语从句，先行词thing被such修饰，要用关系代词as引导，故填there is no such thing as。47as no one can solve 【详解】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知此处缺少定语从句，修饰先行词problem，由于先行词problem为such所修饰，所以关系词选择用as在从句中充当宾语，从句主语为no one；谓语为 can solve，故填as no one can solve。48who I met 【详解】本题考查定语从句。此处使用非限定性定语从句，先行词是one of my old schoolmates，关系词在从句中做主语，由从句时间状语the other day可知，此处使用一般过去时。故填who I met。49where we