大学考研专题：18考研英语二词汇（六）.doc

2017考研英语二词汇（六）51 Fears, even the most basic ones, can totally destroy our ambitions. Fear can destroy fortunes. Fear can destroy relationships.Fear, if left unchecked, can destroy our lives. Fear is one of the many enemies lurking inside us. 恐惧，哪怕是最基本的恐惧，也能彻底粉碎我们的抱负。恐惧能摧毁财富, 也能摧毁感情。如果不加以控制，它还能摧毁我们的生活。恐惧是潜伏在我们内心的众多敌人之一。fortune n. 财富，一大笔钱；命运；运气【派生】fortunate a. 幸运的，吉利的【近】fate n. 命运 v. 注定【反】misfortune n. 不幸；灾祸【词组】make a fortune 发财，赚大钱relationship n. 感情；关系，联系【构词】relation(交往，亲属)+ship(某种状态)关系；感情【派生】relation n. 关系，联系，交往【词组】working relationship 工作关系lurk v. 潜伏，埋伏；潜在，隐藏着 n. 诡计；妙计【近】hide v. 隐藏【反】emerge v. 暴露(勇敢面对自己内心的敌人)52 Your mind is your most important and precious asset. You must protect it and keep it clean, clear and focused on what you want, rather than allowing it to be polluted by the negative influences around you. 心灵是最重要和最珍贵的资产。你必须尽力保护，维持其纯净透澈，同时要专注于自己向往的事物，不受周围消极因素的影响。mind n. 思想；思考能力；聪明人 v. 烦恼；介意；当心【派生】mindless a. 没头脑的；不留神的【近】intelligence n. 智力；理解力【词组】absence of mind 心不在焉pollute v. 污染，弄脏【构词】pol(向外)+lut(洗,冲)+e向外冲，洗弄脏，污染【派生】pollution n. 污染，弄脏；垃圾【近】poison v. 污染，弄脏negative a. 消极的，负面的；有害的，坏的；否定的；负的 v. 拒绝，否定【构词】neg(=deny,否定)+ative(形容词后缀)否定的【派生】negativity n. 否定性；消极性【反】affirmative a. 肯定的；积极的【词组】negative effect 负面影响(心灵维他命)53 On your way to success, you must keep your direction. It is just like a lamp, guiding you in darkness and helping you overcome obstacles on your way. Otherwise, you will easily get lost or hesitate to go ahead. 在成功的道路上，你必须坚持自己的方向。它就像一盏明灯, 在黑暗中指引你，帮助你克服前行路上的障碍。否则, 你会很容易迷路，或犹豫不前。direction n. 方向；指导；趋势；用法说明【构词】direct(直接的;指导;指向)+ion(动作或状态)指导；方向【派生】directional a. 指向的；方向的【近】orientation n.方向；定向；适应lamp n. 灯【 派生】lamplight n. 灯光【近】light n. 灯【词组】a street lamp 路灯otherwise ad. 否则，不然;除此以外【构词】other(其他)+wise(表副词“方向；状态”)其他方面否则；不然【近】conversely ad. 相反地【词组】or otherwise或相反；或其反面hesitate v. 犹豫，踌躇；顾虑，疑虑【构词】hes(=stick,粘附)+itate（动词后缀）黏黏糊糊犹豫【派生】hesitation n. 犹豫；踌躇；含糊【近】waver v. 踌躇【反】determine v. 决定；判决；确定（Keep Your Direction）54 When you sincerely compliment a person or extend him a courtesy, he is going to receive a direct benefit and like himself better. It is impossible for you to make someone feel better and no feel better yourself. 当你真诚地赞扬别人或给予恩惠, 对方得到的最直接的好处就是会更加喜欢自己。对自己不满意的人是无法取悦别人的。compliment v. 赞美，称赞，钦佩 n. 赞扬，称赞；致意，问候【构词】com(全部)+pli(满,填满)+ment(名词后缀)让人十分满足赞美，称赞【派生】complimentary a. 赠送的，免费的；赞美的【近】praise v. 赞美，赞扬【反】insult v. 侮辱【词组】pay sb. a compliment 对某人表示赞扬extend v. 给予；包括；延伸；扩展 【构词】ex(出)+tend (=stretch伸展；趋向)伸出去延伸【派生】extendable a. 可延伸的，可延长的，可延期的【近】donate v. 给予【反】shrink v. 收缩【词组】to extend a deadline 延长最后期限courtesy n. 谦恭，礼貌【构词】court(庭院,宫廷)+esy来自宫廷的礼节礼貌【派生】courteous a. 有礼貌的，客气的【近】civility n. 礼貌【反】discourtesy n. 无礼【词组】courtesy of sb. 承蒙的允许benefit n. 优势；利益v. 使受益【构词】bene(善,好)+fit(做)做事后的好处利益【派生】beneficial a. 有益的【近】advantage n. 优势；利益【词组】for the benefit of 为了的利益（在困境中寻找成功的希望）55 Each step is very much like a little success on its own and little successes do add up. Pay your dues to steadily develop towards success rather than take detours or shortcuts that can actually set you back. 每一步都是一点小小的成功，而小成功可以累积。请负起你该负的责任以稳步迈向成功而不是绕道而行或走捷径, 因为事实上这样做只会拖延时间。steadily ad. 稳步地【大纲词汇】steady a. 稳步的；持续的；稳定的；沉稳的 v. 使平稳；稳定下来；使平静 ad. 稳定地【记 】s（美女）+tea（茶）+ dy（汉语拼音首字母：大爷）美女要把茶给大爷的信念很坚定稳定的【派生】steadiness n. 平稳【近】stable a. 稳定的【反】unsteady a. 摇晃的；颤抖的【词组】steady economic growth 经济平稳增长detour n. 绕行的路；兜圈子 v. 使绕道，绕行【构词】de（加强动作）+tour（=turn 转）转着走迂回的路【近】skirt v. 绕开 diversion n. 临时绕行路【词组】make a detour 绕道shortcut n. 近路；捷径；（做某事的）快捷方法【词组】take a shortcut 抄近路actually ad. 事实上；居然【大纲词汇 】actual a. 真实的；本身【构词】act（做）+ual（=al 形容词后缀）做了的实际的，真实的【派生】actuality n. 真实；实际情况【近】genuine a. 真正的【词组】in actual fact 实际上(成功没有捷径 你做好长期奋斗的准备了吗?)56 Lots of people face far more significant limitations than you do. They may be missing limbs or are born into extreme poverty.But no matter what the limitation, you will always find people who have overcome it. 很多人所面临的局限性要比你多很多。也许他们少了四肢，也许他们出生极度贫寒, 但无论是怎样的限制, 你总能发现有人克服了它。significant a. 有重大意义的，显著的；意味深长的；有某种意义的【构词】sign(记号)+i+fic(做)+ant值得做记号的有重大意义的【派生】significance n. 重要性，意义；含义，意思【近】momentous a. 重大的；重要的【反】insignificant a. 无关紧要的【词组】a significant smile 意味深长的微笑extreme a. 极度的；严重的；极端的；尽头的n. 极端；完全相反的事物【记】extre(=out,出去,外)+me(我)我外出总遇见极端天气极端的【派生】extremist n. 极端分子；过激分子【近】excessive a. 过多的；极度的【词组】the opposite extreme 另一个极端 poverty n. 贫困；贫乏，短缺【 近 】shortage n. 缺点；不足【 反 】affluence n. 富裕；丰富【词组】to alleviate poverty 缓解贫困limitation n. 限制，控制；局限，限度【构词】limit(限制)+ation(名词后缀)限制；局限【派生】limited a. 有限的；受限制【 近】obstruction n. 障碍；阻碍(别让缺点限制了你)57 Remember, my son, you have to work. Whether you handle a pick or a pen, a wheel-barrow or a set of books, digging ditches or editing a paper, ringing an auction bell or writing funny things, you must work. 切记，我的年轻人，你必须工作。不管你用的是锄头还是笔，是推手推车还是编记账簿，也不管你是种地还是编辑报纸，是拍卖师还是作家，你都必须工作。dig v. 挖；采掘【记】把病pig（猪）做个tig（标记）dig（挖）个坑埋了。【近】gouge v. 挖凿【词组】to dig for coal 挖煤edit v. 编辑；剪辑【构词】e（出）+dit（给予）给出好文章编辑【派生】edition n. 版本；版次 editor n. 主编；剪辑员【近】correct v. 校正【词组】edit sth. out of sth. 从书中删节auction n. 拍卖 v. 拍卖【构词】auc（=aug 提高）+tion（名词后缀）提高价格拍卖【派生】auctioneer n. 拍卖商【近】sale n. 拍卖；销售【词组】an auction of paintings 绘画拍卖(青春)58 Competition would never enter in. Conflict would be eliminated, tension become a thing of the past. The stress of creation would be at an end. Art would no longer be troubling, but purely celebratory in its functions. 竞争将不会介入；冲突也将消除，紧张局势将成为过去；创造的重压将得以终结；艺术将不再使人烦恼，庆典将成为其唯一功能。competition n. 竞争；比赛【构词】com （共同）+ pet（=seek追求，寻求）+ition（名词后缀）一起追比赛【近】contest n. 竞争；争论【 词组】a photo competition 摄影比赛eliminate v. 消除；清除；淘汰【记】e（出）+ limi（界限）+n+ ate（做）扔出界限淘汰【派生】elimination n. 消除；淘汰；除去【近】exclude v. 排除；排斥tension n. 紧张不安；拉力；紧张气氛【构词】tens（=stretch伸展，趋向）+ion（名词后缀）伸展出的状态紧张【派生】tensional a. 紧张的；张力的【近】stress n. 强调；压力【词组】nervous tension 神经紧张function n. 功能；作用v. 起作用，行使职责【记】fun（有趣的）+c（形状似嘴巴）+tion（名词后缀）有趣的是，他的嘴巴失去了说话的功能功能【派生】functional a. 起作用的；功能的【近】operate v. 运转；操作【词组】function as. 起的作用(抱负)59 Anything can be achieved through focused, determined effort and self-confidence.If your life is not what you want it to be, you have the power to change it, and you must make the changes on a moment by moment basis. 任何事情都能通过专注而坚定的努力和自信实现。如果生活不是你想要的那样，你有能力去改变它，你必须把改变建立在点滴的基础上，循序渐进地改变。achieve v. 完成；达到；成功【构词】a(=to)+chieve(=chief头)到头完成，达成【派生】achievement n. 成就，成绩；达成，完成【近】realize v. 实现【反】abandon v. 放弃【词组】achieve success 取得成功；获得成功confidence n. 信心,信任；肯定；秘密；自信心【构词】confide(吐露(心事),委托,信赖)+ence(名词后缀)信任；秘密【派生】confident a. 自信的；肯定的；机密的，保密的【近】faith n. 信仰；信念【反】nonconfidence n. 不自信【词组】have confidence in对有信心 basis n. 基础；原因；准则【构词】bas(基础,低下)+is基础【近】foundation n. 基础；地基【词组】on the basis of 根据，基于(Nothing Succeeds Lacks Confidence)60 Nourish disappointments with hope whenever it is needed, and always stay cool and shaded when you feel irritated or heated. Trim away guilt or depression, for they create decay, and cultivate with happy memories as often as every day. 在必要时，以希望来滋养失望；烦躁不安时，始终保持冷静。要修剪掉愧疚与沮丧，因为他们会产生腐朽, 而且每天都应该用幸福的回忆来培植照顾新的幸福。nourish v. 滋养；培养【构词】nour（营养）+ish（动词后缀）提供养分，养育【派生】nourishment n. 食物；营养品【近】nurture v. 养育，教育guilt n. 内疚；有罪【派生】guilty a. 感到内疚的；有罪责的【近】sin n. 罪行【反】innocence n. 无辜，清白【词组】a sense of guilt 内疚感decay n. 腐朽；衰败 v. 使腐烂；（建筑等）破败，衰败【构词】de（向下）+cay（落下）向下掉衰退【近】rot n. 腐烂，变质 v. 使腐烂，变质【词组】tooth decay 蛀牙(幸福也能种植)