2018年江苏省南京市中考英语试卷含答案-答案在前.pdf

1/7 2018 年江苏省南京市初中学业水平考试 英语答案解析 一、单项填空 1.【答案】D【解析】考查通知内容。句意：看一看通知栏上的文字，上面说了什么？星期五午饭前没有报名的学生将不能选择他们下周的下午活动。根据通知栏里的内容“If you dont do this，we will choose activities for you.”可知如果学生没有在星期五午饭前报名，将失去主动选择权。故选D。2.【答案】B【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：尼尔 阿姆斯特朗是第一位在1969年7月20日在月球上行走的人。表示具体在某一天，用介词on表达。故选B。3.【答案】C【解析】考查特殊疑问词组辨析。句意：汤姆，从少年宫到南京南站有多远？乘坐公交车大约10分钟的车程。答语“乘坐公交车大约10分钟的车程”提示问句询问“多远”，用how far表达。故选C。4.【答案】B【解析】考查代词辨析。句意：秦淮区的学校将在他们的上学时间开设适合孩子们的博物馆课程。此处前文children提示空格处用their修饰，school time表示“上学时间”。故选B。5.【答案】B【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：今年春天进驻六合图书馆的“朗读亭”让市民比以前更容易享受到读书的乐趣。下文“than before”提示空格处用形容词easy的比较级形式。故选B。6.【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：一些人喜欢在海边旅游的时候用瓶子发送信息。动词enjoy后跟动名词形式作宾语，enjoy doing sth.表示“喜欢做某事”。故选C。7.【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态及语态。句意：西蒙，你知道谁发明了风筝吗？当然！它是两千多年前墨子发明的；It代指kite，和动词invent存在被动关系，时间状语“两千多年前”提示用一般过去时，谓语部分用一般过去时态的被动语态表达。故选C。8.【答案】B【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：墨西哥和德克萨斯墨西哥食物过去在美国很流行，但是现在中国食物有更多的爱好者。根据逗点前后句意可知两者为转折关系，用连词but表达。故选B。9.【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态。句意：这个即将到来的暑假我们将要和交流生去云锦博物馆。那真是太棒了！下文时间状语“即将到来的暑假”提示句子用一般将来时态。故选D。2/7 10.【答案】A【解析】考查疑问词辨析。句意：在你开始阅读之前，问问你自己读这本书的原因。大部分人读书有两个主要原因：乐趣或知识。根据下文的for two main reasons可知用why引导宾语从句，表示“的原因”。故选A。11.【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：这种T恤有小码的吗？恐怕没有，这种只有中码。size意为“尺寸”；colour意为“颜色”；material意为“材料”；taste意为“风格；风味”。根据答语“comes in medium”中的medium（中号）可知问的是尺寸，用size表达。故选A。12.【答案】A【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：米莉今天下午差一点就错过了火车。她一上车，车就开走了。almost意为“几乎，差一点”；already意为“已经”；really意为“实际上；真正”；seldom意为“很少”。根据下文意义可知用almost符合句意。故选A。13.【答案】C【解析】考查情景交际。句意：太棒了，我已经独自成功完成这个课题了。就是这样！我对你说过它简单。With pleasure 意为“乐意效劳”；Guess what？意为“你猜怎么着？”；There you are！意为“就是这样！”；It doesnt matter意为“没有关系”。根据答语可知C项使对话语义贯通。故选C。14.【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：下面哪个句子中有宾语从句？A有when引导的时间状语从句；B有who引导的定语从句；C有that引导的宾语从句；D有because引导的原因状语从句。故选C。15.【答案】B【解析】考查句意理解。句意：读下面的句子。“南京有很多很棒的景点。你去过其中的一些吗？”画线部分是_。A作陈述；B问问题；C作说明；D发出感叹。Have you ever been.？是问句，询问“去过哪里”。故选B。二、完形填空【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。小男孩Chibi站在才艺秀的舞台上时，人们都觉得他有点傻。可是当他惟妙惟肖地模仿乌鸦各种各样的叫声时，人们的意识完全被他的声音带到了那个他和家人生活的遥远荒凉的山村。当Mr.Isobe解释他为什么会模仿这些乌鸦的叫声时，每个人都哭了，大家才知道知道自己错得有多离谱，原来Chibi是一个远远超出大家常规想象的孩子。16.【答案】C【解析】承接上文“pleased to learn（高兴地得知）”，提示此处意为“惊奇地发现”，用动词find表达。故选C。17.【答案】A【解析】admire 意为“观赏，欣赏”；print意为“打印”；punish意为“惩罚”；avoid意为“避免”。根据上文“He liked Chibis black and white drawings”可知此处指的是把这些画挂在墙上让人们欣赏。故选A。3/7 18.【答案】D【解析】check意为“检查，核对”；hurt意为“伤害，受伤”；open意为“打开”；believe意为“相信”。下文“Who is that？What can that stupid do up there？”等表达了人们的疑问，提示没有人能相信自己的眼睛。believe ones eyes意为“相信自己的眼睛”。故选D。19.【答案】D【解析】根据下文的“And”“Then”等提示可知用First，表示“首先”，和下文意义贯通。故选D。20.【答案】B【解析】承接上文模仿乌鸦的叫声，提示本句用动词call（喊；叫）作谓语，表示“乌鸦在开心时是如何发出叫声的”。故选B。21.【答案】A【解析】根据空格后的mountainside（山区）可推出用形容词far，表示“遥远的”。故选A。22.【答案】D【解析】下文“in his throat”提示用名词sounds作动词make的宾语，表示“发出声音”。scripts意为“脚本”；reports意为“报告”；speeches意为“演讲”。故选D。23.【答案】C【解析】承接上文Chibi模仿乌鸦各种各样的声音，可知人们通过乌鸦的这些声音，能确切地想象到Chibi和家人居住在怎样遥远荒凉的地方。用exactly，表示“确切地”，修饰动词imagine。故选C。24.【答案】B【解析】下文的解释内容提示用how引导宾语从句，修饰动词learn，表示“如何学会那些叫声的”。故选B。25.【答案】A【解析】根据上文“我们每一个人都哭了”，对应短文第二段大家都觉得Chibi有点傻，可知用wrong（错误的），说明大家都误解了这个小男孩。故选A。三、阅读理解 A【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章以表格形式介绍了Chester动物园举办的相关活动的信息：魔幻动物灯笼、动物讲座、在动物园住宿的套餐、如何订票、成为会员以及收养动物。26.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据TALKING ANIMALS一栏的介绍，可知如果你想更多了解动物，可以参加每天的“动物讲座”。故选D。27.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据STAYOVER一栏可知该栏是关于住宿方面的。故选B。28.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据MEMBERSHIP&ADOPTIONS一栏可知A项的网址是关于如何成为会员的。故选A。4/7 B【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。作家们有不同的写作习惯和爱好，但成功的作家在写作步骤方面是相同的，短文以表格的形式呈现了写作步骤。29.【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“but successful writers do have one thing in common:the writing process.”提示成功的作家在写作步骤方面是相同的。故选A。30.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据Writing a Draft一栏的第一点“Catch your readersattention in the introduction.”可知在简介部分要吸引读者的注意。故选B。31.【答案】C【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了成功作家写作的共同点：写作步骤。故选C。C【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍中国传统戏剧京剧的特点，并与其他国家的戏剧进行比较。文章说明了京剧的发展过程以及在世界范围的传播程度，并介绍了一名美国游客在初次听京剧后对京剧的评价。32.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段京剧和其他国家的戏剧的对比，可知京剧区别于其他国家的戏剧是在说、唱、舞蹈和杂技这些方面。故选D。33.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知梅兰芳是第一位把京剧传播到国外去的。故选C。34.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段一名美国游客谈初次听京剧的体验可知这位游客对京剧给予很高的评价。故选B。35.【答案】A【解析】代词指代题。承接上文“Beijing Opera is Chinas national opera”可知此处it指代的是Beijing Opera。故选A。D【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。很久以前有一个国王很喜欢谜题。有一天国王出了一个新谜题，并声明如果谁答对了就可以获得一匹良马。没有人能找出答案，最终一个面包师解开了谜团，于是国王奖励他一匹良马。良马正是面包师急需的，有了马之后他就可以把他好吃的面包卖遍全国了。36.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。文章第二段最后两句话说明面包师的难题是如何把他的面包卖遍全国。故选D。37.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。文章第五段提示裁缝和农民的做法都是为了去除这条线，这是他们失败的原因。故选 5/7 A。38.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。面包师的微笑是在破解谜题之后，说明他相信他破解了谜题。故选C。39.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。文章第一段中“It was ruled by a king who loved riddles.”中的love riddles及倒数第二段中“The king laughed and clapped his hands.”说明国王出谜题是为了乐趣。故选D。40.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。整篇文章都是用第三人称在叙述这个故事，所以讲这个故事的人不是故事里的角色。故选D。四、填空 A）41.【答案】push 42.【答案】date 43.【答案】whenever 44.【答案】brave 45.【答案】east B）46.【答案】fourth/4th 47.【答案】go 48.【答案】French 49.【答案】player 50.【答案】members C）51.【答案】answering 52.【答案】Where 53.【答案】they 54.【答案】came down 55.【答案】completely 五、阅读填空 A）【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了印象派绘画的鼻祖克劳德 莫奈的绘画特色以及他最出名的火车场景画的创作过程。56.【答案】same【解析】文章第一句的“different from”提示用其反义词组the same as与not连用，表达相同意义。57.【答案】how 6/7 【解析】用how作系动词look的表语，代替第一段中“what.looked like”，表示“看起来怎么样”。58.【答案】name【解析】文章第一段最后一句“Impressionism received its name from an early painting by Claude Monet titled Impression，Sunrise.”中的name 提示用name作get的宾语，说明名称的由来。59.【答案】story【解析】右栏内容提示是关于画火车的经历，用story表示“经历；故事”。60.【答案】interest【解析】文章第二段第一句中的“interesting”提示在名词所有格之后用其名词形式interest，表示“兴趣”。61.【答案】between【解析】文章第二段第一句中的“from January to March of 1877”提示用between.，and.，表达相同意义。62.【答案】history【解析】文章第二段最后一句中“was the first train station built in Paris”提示这座火车站是历史最悠久的火车站。用history表示“历史”。63.【答案】trust【解析】文章第四段讲的是莫奈打扮成有钱人，以此来获得站长的信任，然后在车站月台上绘画。故填trust。64.【答案】later【解析】文章第四段最后一句中“站长甚至阻止火车准时离开”，即推迟火车预定的发车时间。用later表示“更晚”。65.【答案】successful【解析】文章最后一段中“Was it all worthwhile？Monets train scenes turned his career into a success”中的success提示用其形容词形式successful作宾语补足语。make+宾语+adj.表示“使怎么样”。B）【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章从无家可归的人流浪街头，生活不易说起，召唤大家的爱心，让人们慷慨解囊来帮助无家可归的人。66.【答案】impossible 67.【答案】move 68.【答案】increased 69.【答案】warm 70.【答案】provide 71.【答案】shower 72.【答案】beginning 73.【答案】treatment 74.【答案】like 75.【答案】agree/accept 六、书面表达 7/7 【答案】I am glad to share my ideas about Culture Week in our school.I like the theme about international cooking for our Culture Week,because this can help us better understand different cultures while enjoying nice food.First,we will invite teachers and parents to give talks about international cooking.Then,we will hold a Cooking Festival.All the students can bring their own dishes and share them with each other.Near the end of the week,we will have a DIY competition.There will be a surprise in the end.I hope our Culture Week will be a great success!【解析】本文是一篇材料作文。先阅读儿童杂志的征稿内容，弄清征稿要求，按要求构思征文大体框架，在细节方面组织相关词汇和句型，为连句成篇作准备。根据征文要求，在短文开头提出写作主题，然后说明原因，接着另起一段说明如何组织活动，最后用自己的希望结尾。注意：1.根据征文要求，写作采用第一人称单复数。2.描述活动组织时，句子采用一般将来时态。3.说明原因时可以用because引导的原因状语从句；组织活动时可以用hold，bring，share，dish，cook 等词汇；用invite sb.to do sth.，there be等句型。英语试卷 第 1 页（共 12 页）英语试卷 第 2 页（共 12 页）绝密启用前 江苏省南京市 2018 年初中学业水平考试 英 语(满分：90 分 考试时间：90 分钟)选择题(共 40 分)一、单项填空(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)请认真阅读下列各题，从题中所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。1.Look at the text in the notice.What does it say?The students who do not sign up before Friday lunchtime _.A.will have to work at lunchtime next Friday B.will have to work in the afternoon next week C.wont be able to do afternoon activities next Friday D.wont be able to choose their afternoon activities next week 2.Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon _ 20 July 1969.A.in B.on C.at D.for 3._ is it from the Childrens Palace to Nanjing South Railway Station,Tom?About 10 minutes ride by bus.A.How soon B.How long C.How far D.How much 4.The schools in Qinhuai District will develop the museum courses suitable for children during _ school time.A.they B.their C.them D.theirs 5.“Reading Pavilion”,which entered Luhe Library this spring,has made it _ for the citizens to experience the pleasure of reading than before.A.easy B.easier C.easily D.more easily 6.Some people enjoy _ out their messages in bottles when they travel on the sea.A.to send B.send C.sending D.sent 7.Simon,do you know who invented the kite?Sure!It _ by Mozi over 2,000 years ago.A.is invented B.invented C.was invented D.will be invented 8.Mexican and Tex-Mex foods were popular in the USA,_ now Chinese food has more fans.A.because B.but C.so D.unless 9.We _ to Yun Brocade Museum with the exchange students this coming summer holiday.Thats amazing!A.went B.go C.have gone D.will go 10.Before you start reading,ask yourself _ you are reading this book.Most people read for two main reasons,pleasure or knowledge.A.why B.what C.where D.when 11.Do you have this T-shirt in a small _?Im afraid not.It only comes in medium.A.size B.colour C.material D.taste 12.Millie _ missed the train this afternoon.It started to leave right after she got on it.A.almost B.already C.really D.seldom 13.Amazingly,Ive managed to finish the project by myself._ I told you it was easy.A.With pleasure.B.Guess what?C.There you are!D.It doesnt matter.14.Which of the following sentences has an object clause?A.His mother called him Robbie when he was a baby.B.On Mars you might see people who wear special boots.C.Mr.Green tells us that wed better use the Internet properly.D.Our life has improved because the environment is getting better.15.Read the following sentences.“There are lots of excellent sights in Nanjing.Have you ever been to any of them?”The underlined part is to _.A.make a statement B.ask a question C.give an instruction D.give an exclamation 二、完形填空(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。-在-此-卷-上-答-题-无-效-毕业学校_ 姓名_ 考生号_ _ 英语试卷 第 3 页（共 12 页）英语试卷 第 4 页（共 12 页）He was pleased to learn that Chibi knew all the places where the wild grapes and wild potatoes grew.He was amazed to 16 how much Chibi knew about all the flowers in our class garden.He liked Chibis black and white drawings and put them up on the wall to be 17 .He liked Chibis own handwriting,which no one but Chibi could read,and he put that up on the wall.But,when Chibi appeared on the stage at the talent show of that year,no one could 18 his eyes.“Who is that?”“What can that stupid do up there?”Until Mr.Isobe announced that Chibi was going to imitate(模 仿)the voices of crows.“Voices?”“Voices of crows?”19 he imitated the voices of newly hatched crows.And he made the mother crows voice.Then he imitated the father crows voice.He showed how crows cry early in the morning.He showed how crows cry when the village people have some unhappy accident.He showed how crows 20 when they are happy and cheerful.Everybodys mind was taken to the 21 mountainside from which Chibi probably came to school.Chibi made very special 22 deep down in his throat(喉咙)to imitate a crow in an old tree in the end.Now everybody could imagine 23 the far and lonely place where Chibi lived with his family.Then Mr.Isobe explained 24 Chibi had learned those callsleaving his home for school at sunrise,and arriving home at sunset,every day for six long years.Every one of us cried,thinking how much we had been 25 to Chibi all those long years.He was a boy beyond our usual imagination!16.A.complain B.count C.find D.refuse 17.A.admired B.printed C.punished D.avoided 18.A.check B.hurt C.open D.believe 19.A.Later B.Next C.Last D.First 20.A.jump B.call C.fly D.dance 21.A.far B.crowded C.near D.modern 22.A.scripts B.reports C.speeches D.sounds 23.A.hardly B.happily C.exactly D.peacefully 24.A.what B.how C.whether D.who 25.A.wrong B.kind C.honest D.generous 三、阅读理解(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)请认真阅读下列材料，从材料后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A There are over 20,000 animals at Chester Zoo.All are flying,jumping and playing happily in 125 acres of wonderful gardens.LANTERN MAGIC A relaxed and unforgettable night time journey through the zoo with festive characters and giant animal lanterns to light your way.www.chesterzoo.org/christmas STAY OVER Treat the family and stay over in one of Chester and Cheshires many hotels.Visit www.chesterzoo.org/hotels and make great savings on hotel&zoo ticket package deals!26.If you want to know more about animals when you visit the zoo,you can_.A.have a night time journey B.become a member of the zoo C.stay in one of Chester and Cheshires hotels D.join one of the daily animal talks in the zoo 27.Which can help you if you want to spend a night in a hotel in Chester?A.Lantern Magic.B.Stay Over.C.Talking Animals.D.Membership&Adoptions.28.You can buy your membership at_.A.www.chesterzoo.org B.www.chesterzoo.org/hotels C.www.chcsterzoo.org/talks D.www.chesterzoo.org/christmas B There are almost as many ways to write as there are kinds of texts.Some writers cannot produce a word unless they are poised behind a desk,while others prefer to write sitting outdoors or in noisy restaurants.Some writers create an entire work before going back to read what they have written,while others may rewrite a single paragraph many times before moving on.Individual writers techniques may be different,but successful writers do have one thing in common:the writing process(步骤).The writing process is made up of four stages,and each TALKING ANIMALS Find out more about our 20,000 animals by joining one of our daily animal talks in the zoo.Plan your day using our app.Visit www.chesterzoo.org/talks.MEMBERSHIP&ADOPTIONS You can support us and our animals by becoming a member or adopting an animal.Buy your membership at www.chesterzoo.org.英语试卷 第 5 页（共 12 页）英语试卷 第 6 页（共 12 页）stage involves certain activities.The chart below summarizes what happens during each stage of the writing process.What You Do During the Writing Process Prewriting Choose your topic.Identify your purpose and audience,and select a writing form appropriate to that purpose and audience.Generate ideas and gather information about the topic.Begin to organize the information.Decide the main point you want to express.Writing a Draft(草稿)Catch your readers attention in the introduction.Provide background information.State your main Points.your support,and your elaboration of them.Follow a plan of organization.Wrap up with a conclusion.Revising(修改)Evaluate your draft.Revise the draft to improve its content,organization,and style.Publishing Proofread,or edit your final draft.Publish,or share your finished writing with readers.Reflect on your writing experience.29.What do successful writers have in common?A.They have the writing process.B.They like to read what they have written.C.They write outdoors or in noisy restaurants.D.They rewrite a single paragraph many times.30.When you write a draft,you should _.A.choose your writing topic B.get your readers attention in the introduction C.publish or share your finished writing with readers D.revise the draft to improve its content,organization and style 31.What is the best title of the passage?A.Writing Points B.Writing Ways C.Writing as a Process D.Writing with Materials C Beijing Opera is the most representative of all Chinese traditional dramatic art forms and the largest Chinese opera form.Having a history of about 200 years,it is developed from absorbing(吸收)many other dramatic forms,mostly from the local drama“Huiban”,which was popular in South China during the 18th century.It is a scenic(戏剧的)art integrating music,performance,literature,aria,and face painting.Theatrical art forms in many other countries do not present singing,dancing and spoken part