2016年电子科技大学考研专业课试题翻译硕士英语.pdf

第 1 页共 11 页 电子科技大学电子科技大学 2016 年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 考试科目：考试科目： 211 翻译硕士英语翻译硕士英语 注：注：无机读卡，无机读卡，所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷或草稿纸上均无效。所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷或草稿纸上均无效。 Part I Grammar & Vocabulary (1 x 30 = 30 Points)Part I Grammar & Vocabulary (1 x 30 = 30 Points) There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A., B., C., and D. Please choose the correct answer that best completes the sentence and write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. 1. _ implies an active choice to cling to something, not passively being carried along out of inability to imagine anything else. A. Tenancy B. Tenacity C. Tendency D. Tenure 2. The elimination of _ was believed to be a prerequisite for any successful intercultural exchange. A. generalizations B. judgments C. doubts D. stereotypes 3. The Pentagon was planning to launch a 24-hour satellite television channel based in Baghdad to make it easier to _ the news media “filter” that Bush Administration officials believe is misleading the public by emphasizing bad news about the occupation of Iraq. A. circumnavigate B. circulate C. circumvent D. curriculum 4. This class will provide you as a parent with age appropriate songs and activities to enjoy music at home with toddler that will develop coordination, balance and _ relationship skills as well as communication and cooperation. A. scrutiny B. spacious C. stereotype D. spatial 5. It is a _ to say that the women who teach in India must know the language, the religion, superstitions and customs of the women to be taught in India. It ought to be the very same case for England. A. truism B. genuine C. tenacity D. similarity 6. The just-concluded election in Pakistan is simply a _ for continuing military rule, according to Selig Harrison, a leading US authority on South Asia, Afghanistan and the region. A. inflection B. faade C. ambiguity D. fabrication 7. As television, and to an extent the internet have _further through our society, the effects are perhaps more significant than even we realize. A. perpetuated B. pervasive C. permanent D. permeated 8. Theres this new girl coming to my school, and I like her a lot. I want to _ our friendship before I start a serious relationship. A. cement B. lime C. clay D. concrete 第 2 页共 11 页 9. There was so much pain there, _ caused by both sides over the years. I didnt want to hurt them, nor they me, but the harm had been done and it was irreversible. A. inappreciably B. inadvertently C. inarticulately D. invisibly 10. Strengthening regional economic cooperation is a top priority for many Asian countries. Interdependence among these different countries is becoming stronger - thanks to the adoption of a more open economic model. And now, Asian countries are making efforts to promote regional_, and in turn realize common prosperity. A. integration B. diversity C. competition D. integral 11. When people cant explain a new phenomenon using their knowledge, they will firstly try to understand the new phenomena using the logic reference of_. A. comparison B. analysis C. counterpart D. analogy 12. If you mess up, its not your parents fault, so dont _about your mistakes, learn from them. A. wonder B. worried C. whine D. pester 13. The system was redesigned to embrace the network and eventually _ it in a profitable direction. A. adapt B. control C. install D. steer 14. The introduction of gunpowder gradually made the bow and arrow _, particularly in western Europe. A. obscure B. obsolete C. optional D. overlapping 15. From busy homemakers to professional people, many Americans enjoy the convenience of prepackaged meals that can be ready to serve in 10 minutes or less. On the other hand, many Americans recognize the value of _ art. A. cookie B. culinary C. cuisine D. cook 16. The chairman of the board _ on me the unpleasant job of dismissing good workers the firm can no longer afford to employ. A. compelled B. posed C. pressed D. tempted 17. I am not _ with my roommate but I have to share the room with her, because I have nowhere else to live. A. concerned B. compatible C. considerate D. complied 18. A good education should train students to think for themselves. However, most of them are trained in the technique of examination under _. A. duly B. duty C. duress D. obligation 19. Only those students _ thinks the best can be accepted by this university. A. who B. he C. that D. what 20. The tickets each _ 10 dollars. A. cost B. costs C. is costing D. are costing 21. _, I am a little shy. A. To tell you the truth B. Telling you the truth C. To be told the truth D. Being told the truth 22. We watched carefully _ the house. 第 3 页共 11 页 A. during she walked against B. during she walked towards C. while she walked against D. while she walked towards 23. Tom or you _ the job. A. is going to do B. are going to do C. is doing D. has done 24. It is not what you said but what you did_ matters. A. which B. that C. what D. why 25. Never _ anything more important before. A. there is B. has there been C. there had D. there has been 26. He was shivering _ cold. A. with B. on C. in D. by 27. _ you eat the correct foods _ be able to keep fit and stay healthy. A. Only if; will you B. Only if; you will C. Unless; will you D. Unless; you will 28. He didnt hear the news, _. A. so didnt I B. so did I C. neither did I D. nor didnt I 29. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them _ in his lectures. A. interested B. interesting C. interest D. to interest 30. If the weather had been better, we could have had a picnic. But it _ all day. A. rained B. Rains C. has rained D. is raining Part II Reading Comprehension (2 x 25 = 50 Points)Part II Reading Comprehension (2 x 25 = 50 Points) In this section there are three reading passages followed by questions. Please read the passages and then write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Passage One How a Frenchman is reviving McDonalds in Europe A. When Denis Hennequin took over as the European boss of McDonalds in January 2004, the worlds biggest restaurant chain was showing signs of recovery in America and Australia, but sales in Europe were sluggish or declining. One exception was France, where Mr Hennequin had done a sterling job as head of the groups French subsidiary to sell more Big Macs to his compatriots. His task was to replicate this success in all 41 of the European countries where anti-globalisers favourite enemy operates. B. So far Mr Hennequin is doing well. Last year European sales increased by 5.8% and the number of customers by 3.4%, the best annual results in nearly 15 years. Europe accounted for 36% of the groups profits and for 28% of its sales. December was an especially good month as customers took to seasonal menu offerings in France and Britain, and to a promotion in Germany based on the game of Monopoly. C. Mr Hennequins recipe for revival is to be more open about his companys operations, to be 第 4 页共 11 页 “locally relevant”, and to improve the experience of visiting his 6,400 restaurants. McDonalds is blamed for making people fat, exploiting workers, treating animals cruelly, polluting the environment and simply for being American. Mr Hennequin says he wants to engage in a dialogue with the public to address these concerns. D. He introduced “open door” visitor days in each country which became hugely popular. In Poland alone some 50,000 visitors came to McDonalds through the visitors programme last year. The Nutrition Information Initiative, launched last year, put detailed labels on McDonalds packaging with data on calories, protein, fat, carbohydrates and salt content. The details are also printed on tray-liners. E. Mr Hennequin also wants people to know that “McJobs”, the low-paid menial jobs at McDonalds restaurants, are much better than people think. But some of his efforts have backfired: last year he sparked a controversy with the introduction of a “McPassport” that allows McDonalds employees to work anywhere in the European Union. Politicians accused the firm of a ploy to make cheap labour from eastern Europe more easily available to McDonalds managers across the continent. F. To stay in touch with local needs and preferences, McDonalds employs local bosses as much as possible. A Russian is running McDonalds in Russia, though a Serb is in charge of Germany. The group buys mainly from local suppliers. Four-fifths of its supplies in France come from local farmers, for example. (Some of the French farmers who campaigned against the company in the late 1990s subsequently discovered that it was, in fact, buying their produce.) And it hires celebrities such as Heidi Klum, a German model, as local brand ambassadors. G. In his previous job Mr Hennequin established a “design studio” in France to spruce up his companys drab restaurants and adapt the interior to local tastes. The studio is now masterminding improvements everywhere in Europe. He also set up a “food studio”, where cooks devise new recipes in response to local trends. H. Given Frances reputation as the most anti-American country in Europe, it seems odd that McDonalds revival in Europe is being led by a Frenchman, using ideas cooked up in the French market. But France is in fact the companys most profitable market after America. The market where McDonalds is weakest in Europe is not France, but Britain. I. “Fixing Britain should be his priority,” says David Palmer, a restaurant analyst at UBS. Almost two-thirds of the 1,214 McDonalds restaurants in Britain are company-owned, compared with 40% in Europe and 15% in America. The company suffers from the volatility of sales at its own restaurants, but can rely on steady income from franchisees. So it should sell as many underperforming outlets as possible, says Mr Palmer. J. M.Mark Wiltamuth, an analyst at Morgan Stanley, estimates that European company-owned restaurants margins will increase slightly to 16.4% in 2007. This is still less than in the late 1990s and below Americas 18-19% today. But it is much better than before Mr Hennequins reign. He is already being tipped as the first European candidate for the groups top job in Illinois. Nobody would call that a McJob. 第 5 页共 11 页 Questions 1-6 Do the following statements reflect the claims of the writer in Passage One? TRUE if the statement reflects the claims of the writer FALSE if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this 1. McDonald was showing the sign of recovery in all European countries except France after Denis Hennequin took office as the boss of Euro-markets. 2. Starting from last year, detailed labels are put on McDonalds packaging and detailed information is also printed on tray-liners. 3. France is said to be the most anti-American country in Europe, but the ideas of the open “door” visiting days and “McPassport” are invented in the French market. 4. Britain possesses the weakest McDonald market among European countries and approximately 1214 McDonalds restaurants are company-owned. 5. According to David Palmer, a restaurant analyst at UBS, David Hennequin should treat the problem about McDonald in Britain as the most important thing. 6. David Palmer suggested that the management of McDonalod in Italy should sell as many its outlets which lose money in business as possible for revival. Questions 7-10 Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them on your answer sheet. 7. The word “sterling” in line 3 of Paragraph A means_. A. difficult B. menial C. terrible D. excellent 8. Which of the following statements on the accusation of MacDonald is NOT TRUE? A. It tends to make people fat. B. Its operations are very vague. C. It tends to exploit workers. D. It tends to treat animals cruelly. 9. Which of the following measures taken by Denis Hennequin produced undesired result? A. “Food Studio” scheme. B. “Open Door” visitor days. C. The “McPassport” scheme. D. The Nutrition Information Initiative. 10. What did Denis Hennequin do so as to respond to local trends? A. set up a “Food Studio”. B. established a “Design Studio”. C. hired celebrities as local brand ambassadors. D. employed local bosses as much as possible. 第 6 页共 11 页 Passage Two How private universities could help to improve public ones A. There are many rich Germans. In 2003 private assets are estimated to have been worth 5 trillion ($5.6 trillion), half of which belongs to the richest tenth of the population. But with money comes stinginess, especially when it comes to giving to higher education. America devotes twice as much of its income to universities and colleges as Germany (2.6% of GDP, against 1.1%) mainly because of higher private spendingand bigger donations. B. Next years figures should be less embarrassing. In November Klaus Jacobs, a German-born billionaire living abroad, announced that he would donate 200m to the International University Bremen ( IUB )the biggest such gift ever. It saved the IUB, Germanys only fully fledged private and international university (with 30 programmes and 1,000 students from 86 countries) from bankruptcy. It may also soften the countrys still rigid approach to higher education. C. German higher education has long been almost entirely a state-run affair, not least because universities were meant to produce top civil servants. After 1945 the German states were put in charge, deciding on such details as examination and admission rules. Reforms in the 1970s made things worse by strengthening, in the name of democracy, a layer of bureaucracy in the form of committees of self-governance. D. Tuition fees were scrapped in the name of access for all. But ever-rising student numbers then met ever-shrinking budgets, so the reforms backfired. Today the number of college drop-outs is among the highest in the rich world, making tertiary education an elite activity: only 22% of young Germans obtain a degree, compared with 31% in Britain and 39% in America. German universities come low in world rankings, so good students often go abroad. E. In the 1980s it was hoped that private universities might make a difference. Witten-Herdecke University, founded in 1980, was the first. Teaching at IUB, which will change its name to Jacobs University soon, began in 2001. Today, there are 69 (non-faith-based) private institutions of higher learning, up from 24 a decade ago. There is growing competition, particularly among business schools. F. At the same time the states have been introducing private enterprise into higher education. In 2003 Lower Saxony turned five universities into foundations, with more autonomy. Others have won more control over their own budgets. Some states have also started to charge tuition fees. And in October a jury announced the winners of the first round of the “excellence initiative”a national competition among universities for extra cash. G. Yet all this has led to only small improvements. Private universities educate only 3% of Germanys 2m-odd students,