大学英语四级考试写作必备模板.pdf

大学英语四级考试写作讲座内容提要v四级写作应达到的水平v四级作文评分标准v作文条理性及相关句式v写作模板写写作作一一般般要要求求我能填写常见表格如注册表、申请表、问卷调查表等。我能写给或回复他人祝贺卡、生日卡、邀请信、便条、短信、通知等。我能写出简单的指示语、个人广告、社团海报、个人简历等。我能简要地描述个人经历、发生的事件、读过的故事、观看的影片、喜怒哀乐等情感，写出或回答个人或公司的信函、电子邮件、传真等。我能就一定话题或提纲在30分钟内写出不少于120词的短文，内容基本完整、中心思想明确、用词恰当、语意连贯。我能在一般写作或应用文写作中恰当使用相应的写作技能。评分标准2：不切题。条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎。5：基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。8：基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。11：切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。14：切题。表达思想清楚、文字通顺，连贯性较好。基本无语言错误，仅有个别小错。注：白卷，作文与题目毫不相关，或只有几个孤立的词而无法表达思想，则给0分。字数不足以应酌情扣分：（1）如题目中给出主题句、起始句、结束句，均不得计入所写字数。（2）只写一段者：04；只写两段者：09。（指规定三段的作文）条理性作文是主观性题，要想得高分我们必须把评卷老师考虑进去。评卷老师的时间很短（每份卷子的作文只有一两分钟就要阅完），用firstofall,second,tobeginwith,afterthat,next,moreimportant,atlast等短语，可以使阅卷老师一眼就看出你作文的条理性。增加条理性的常用句式表层次,递进:Furthermore,Whatsmore,AlsoNext,Besides,Moreover,Inaddition,Lastbutnotleast,增加条理性的常用句式表因果；Therefore,Consequently,becauseof/thankstoThus,isdueto/owingtoOnthisaccount,Since/asAsaresult,Asaconsequence,增加条理性的常用句式表总结：Insummary,Inaword,Inconclusion,Inshort,Tosumup,Generallyspeaking,增加条理性的常用句式表转折，对比，比较；ComparedwithA，BThereisastrikingcontrastbetweenthemOnthecontrary,Whereas,Bycontrast,DespitethefactthatNevertheless,eventhoughOnthecontrary,However,Ontheonehand,Ontheotherhand,Otherwise增加条理性的常用句式表示事实、现状WecannotignorethefactthatNoonecandenythefactthatThereisnodoubtthat.ThisisaphenomenonthatmanypeopleareinterestedinHowever，thatsnotthecase增加条理性的常用句式表举例：vTotakeasanexample,vOneexampleisvAnotherexampleisvForexample,增加条理性的常用句式其他：vAsfarasIknow据我所知vAsfaras.isconcerned就而论vAsthesayinggoes俗话说vIthasbeenprovedthat.已经证明vItisestimatedthat.据估计vItisbelievedthat.人们相信vItisconsideredthat.大家认为vItishopedthat.人们希望vThereforeweshouldrealizethat.因此我们应当明白vAboveall最重要的是vAfterall毕竟vFinally,wehopethat.最后，我们希望vItmaybeconfirmedthat.可以肯定vTherefore,wehavethereasontobelievethat因此，我们有理由相信常用闪光高分词v认为，主张argue/claim/believe/maintain/holdthatv考虑takeintoconsideration;consider;ponder;thinkover;reflecton/uponv下结论，断定cometotheconclusion;arriveattheconclusion;drawtheconclusion;conclude;judgev获得，赢得，取得acquire,obtain,attain,reap,gain,procurev支持，赞成approveof,infavorof,uphold,standbyonesside,agreewithv提倡advocate,recommendv反对，抵制oppose,objectto,beagainst,resistv重大的，有决定性的profound,significant,eventful,vital,crucial,critical,decisivev运用，使用optimize,makefull/bestuseof,employ,utilize,apply当前，目前nowadays,atpresent,currently,presently表达，说voice,convey,express,deliver,communicate适应beadaptedto,beaccustomedto,beadjustedto阻碍，阻止hinder,curb,hamper,restrain,prevent,wardoff,avoidv好处，优点advantage,merit,benefitv坏处，缺点disadvantage,defect,flaw,drawback,deficiencyv参加participatein,takepartin,attend,goinfor,engageinv集中精力于，专心于focus(onesattention)on,centeron,concentrateon,setonesmindonv依赖，依靠depend/relyon,leanonv取决于itdependsonv努力做，尽力做attemptto,makeeffortsto,endeavorto,managetov进步，成就，成绩advancement,achievement,accomplishment,feat,fulfillmentv除外apartfrom,inadditionto,alongwithv开展，实施，做practice,carryout,enforce,conduct,performv强调，重视，突出lay/placeemphasison,attachemphasisto,stresson,highlightv优秀的outstanding,brilliant,remarkable,distinguished,excellentv实现，完成achieve,accomplish,fulfill,completev把看作，当作regardas,consideras,lookonas,treat/viewasv珍惜，重视cherish,treasure,attachimportancetov完全的，彻底的sheer,utter,thoroughv解释accountfor,illustrate,clarifyv起作用playarole/partin,perform,function,servev证实，证明testify,confirm,verify,turnout事实上inpractice/reality/effect,asamatteroffact,virtually,actuallyv显示，表明pointout,indicate,demonstrate,reflect,manifestv缩短，减少shorten,cutdownv减少，削弱reduce,decrease,diminish,lessenv方法，手段method,approach,means,measure,modev提高improve,increase,enhance,raise,elevatev建立build,setup,putup,found,establish,constructv遭受sufferfrom,besubjectedto,encounterv在我看来，就我而言inmyview/mind/belief,asfarasIcansee,asfarasIamconcernedv想到，想出comeupwith,crossonesmind,occurtosb.v需要callfor,require,demandv遵守abideby,observe,conformv易于，倾向于tend/inclineto,beinclinedto,beproneto,belikelyto,beliabletov熟悉，知道beacquaintedwith,befamiliarwith,beinformedofv解决，处理solve,resolve,settle,dealwith,copewith,manage,workonv必要的，不可缺少的indispensable,essentialv影响affect,impact,haveeffectonv意识到beawareof,beconsciousof写写作作模模板板v对对立立观观点点型型/辩辩论论型型v说说明明原原因因型型v解解决决问问题题型型对对立立观观点点型型/辩辩论论型型A一个校园或社会现象/问题B有人认为X是好事，赞成X，为什么？有人认为X是坏事，反对X，为什么？C我的看法。对对立立观观点点型型/辩辩论论型型Nowadays,moreandmorepeoplebecomeconcernedaboutthesocial/economic/environmentalproblem/phenomenonthat出现的现象或问题.(Xhasincreasinglybecomeacommonconcernofthepublic./Withthedevelopmentofsociety,moreandmoreXhavecomeintobeing.)说明这种现象的情况或举例子.Thereisahotdebategoingonarguingwhethertheyaregoodforthepublicornot(,especiallyforcollegestudents).Eachcoinhastwosides.Asforsuchaquestion,differentpeopleholddifferentopinions.Somebelievethat支持X的第一个原因。(Ontheonehand,)Theyalsoarguethat支持X的另一个原因。However,thereisanoppositevoice,whichclaimthat反对X的第一个理由.(Ontheotherhand,)Theyfirmlypointoutthat反对X的第二个理由.AsfarasImconcerned,IholdthebeliefthattheadvantagesofXoverweighthedisadvantages,because说明原因.Isuggestweshould建议.对对立立观观点点型型/辩辩论论型型e.g.2008.6.真真题题Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicRecreationalactivities.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below:1.娱乐活动多种多样2.娱乐活动可以使人们受益，也可能有危害性3.作为大学生我们的看法对对立立观观点点型型/辩辩论论型型范文：Withthedramaticdevelopmentofsocietyandtheimprovementofpeopleslivingstandard,moreandmorerecreationalactivitiesarec o m i n g i n t o b e i n g.S o m e p e o p l e maygotoKTVwiththeirfriendsonweekendstogetrelaxedafterfivedaysintensework.Meanwhile,othersmightchoosetosurftheinternettokilltimeandappreciatevastresourcesontheinternet.Everythinghastwosidesjustlikeacoin,andentertainmentisnoexception.Differentpeopleholddifferentopinionsonrecreationalactivities.Ontheonehand,amusementactivitiescanenrichpeopleslivesandbroadenpeopleshorizons.Ontheotherhand,somepeoplemaywastetheirtimeiftheyfailtoapproachrecreationproperly.Asfarascollegestudentsareconcerned,Iholdthebelieft h a t t h e a d v a n t a g e s o f r e c r e a t i o n a l a c t i v i t i e s o v e r w e i g h t h e d i s a d v a n t a g e s,b e c a u s e wecantakeadvantageofthebenefitstorelaxourselvesandlearnmanythingsoutofschool.Weshouldalwayskeepthefollowingwordsinmind:itisessentialtobeself-disciplinedandstayawayfromthen e g a t i v e i n f l u e n c e s f r o m r e c r e a t i o n a l a c t i v i t i e s.对对立立观观点点型型/辩辩论论型型2009.6.真真题题Free admission to museums1.越来越多的博物馆免费开放的目的是什么?2.也会带来一些问题3.你的看法v2006年年12月月英英语语四四级级作作文文v1、许许多多人人喜喜欢欢在在除除夕夕夜夜观观看看春春节节晚晚会会；v2、但但有有些些人人提提出出取取消消春春节节晚晚会会；v3、我我的的看看法法说说明明原原因因型型A.出现的现象B.一些人这样做的原因；另一些人这样做的原因；还有一部分人这样做的原因C.我的看法/这种现象造成的结果说说明明原原因因型型Nowadays,moreandmorepeoplebecomeconcernedaboutthesocial/economic/environmentalproblem/phenomenonthat出现的现象或问题.(Xhasincreasinglybecomeacommonconcernofthepublic.)说明这种现象的情况或举例子.However，asforthereasonswhypeople,differentpeoplehavedifferentopinions.Somepeopleinorderto.Somepeoplewanttosothat.AndtheothershavethepurposeofAsfarasIamconcerned,effectivemeasuresshouldbetakento.SoIsuggest给出建议./Thisphenomenonwillleadto造成什么结果.Anotherresultis说说明明原原因因型型e.g.2007.12.真真题题WhatElectivesToChoose1.各学校开了各种各样的选修课2.学生选课有不同的原因3.就我而言说说明明原原因因型型WiththereformofChinesehighereducation,moreandmorecollegesanduniversitiesputanemphasisonnurturingstudentspracticalabilities.Asaresult,avarietyofelectivecoursesareavailableforcollegestudentsofallmajors.Certainly,asforstudentsreasonstochoosetheirownelectives,differentstudentshavedifferentopinions.Somestudentschoosetheelectivesinordertodeveloppracticalskills,whicharetheessentialpartofcollegeeducation,andtherefore,coursesoncomputerscience,marketing,andfinancearehighlypreferred.Ontheotherhand,othersmaythinkthatliberaleducationandelectivesconcerningliterature,history,andphilosophyarethemostwelcomed.AsfarasImconcerned,universityisnotaplaceforsurvivalskills,butapalaceofknowledgeandcriticalreasoning.Althoughmymajorischemistry,theelectivesIattendmostfrequentlyareEnglishliterature,anIntroductiontoClassicMusic,andDifferentSchoolsofWesternPainting.Theyreallybroadenmyhorizon.说说明明原原因因型型2010.6.真题DueAttentionShouldBeGiventoSpelling1.如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写2.出现这种情况的原因3.这种现象导致的结果解解决决问问题题型型A.出现了什么现象，造成了问题一、二、三B.解决的途径一、二、三C.我的途径解解决决问问题题型型Nowadays,Xhasincreasinglybecomeacommonconcernofthepublic,anditmightleadtosomeproblems.Oneobviousproblemisthat问题1.问题2isanotherproblem.Theworstresultmaybe问题3.However,theproblemscanbedealtwithinmanydifferentways.Themostcommonwayis途径1.Anotherwayis途径2.Thereisstillthethirdchoicethat途径3.Asforme,Iwouldliketo,becauseTherefore,Ichoosetov2008年年12月月英英语语四四级级作作文文vLimiting the Use of Disposal Bagsv1.一一次次性性塑塑料料袋袋曾曾被被广广泛泛的的使使用用v2.造造成成的的问问题题v3.限限制制使使用用塑塑的的意意义义v2009年年6月月英英语语四四级级作作文文vFree admission to museumsv越越来来越越多多的的博博物物馆馆免免费费开开放放的的目目的的是是什什么么?v也也会会带带来来一一些些问问题题v你你的的看看法法解解决决问问题题型型e.g.2000.1.真真题题HowIFinanceMyCollegeEducation?Direction:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicHowIFinanceMyCollegeEducation?Youshouldwriteatleast100words,andbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below:1.上大学的费用可以通过多种途径解决2.哪种途径适合我(说明理由)解解决决问问题题型型Everyyear,thousandsofyoungmenenteruniversitiesandcolleges.Ithasbeenaproblemforsomestudentsandtheirfamiliestofinancetheircollegeeducation.Infact,theproblemcanbedealtwithinmanyways.Themostcommonwayistogetallthemoneyfromtheparents.Iftheirparentscantaffordthefees,studentscanapplyforaloanfromthebank.Thereisstillanotherway.Studentscanfinancetheireducationbydoingsomepart-timejobsintheirsparetime.Asforme,myparentscanpaythegreaterpartofthefeesforme.So,Iwonthaveaheavyfinancialburden,andIcanfocusonmystudy.Iwouldliketopaytherestofthemoneybydoingapart-timejob,becausealthoughmyparentsareabletopayallthetuition,Istillwanttoknowmoreaboutsocietythroughmyownworkingexperience.Therefore,Ichoosethiswaytofinancemycollegeeducation.图图表表式式作作文文A.说明图标内容和显示的变化B说明原因一二三C预测发展趋势/有什么困难问题，怎么解决图图表表式式作作文文第一句先说明主题是什么。Readingthischart,wecanfindthat/Itisobviousinthegraph/tablethattherate/number/amountofYhasgoneup/grown/fallen/droppedconsiderablyinrecentyears(asXvaries).AtthepointofX1,Yreachesitspeakvalueof(多少).Whatisthereasonforthischange?Mainlythereare(多少)reasonsbehindthesituationreflectedinthegraph/table.Firstofall,playanimportantrolein(第一个原因).Also,leadsto(第二个原因).Besides,enablesto(第三个原因).Fromtheabovediscussions,wehaveenoughreasontopredictwhatwillhappeninthenearfuture.Thetrenddescribedinthegraph/tablewillcontinueforquitealongtime(ifnecessarymeasuresarenottaken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势)./Therearesomeproblems/difficultiesinForexample,Soweshould图图表表式式作作文文2002.6真真题题Directions:ForthispartyouareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicStudentUseofComputers.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinegivenbelow:1.上图(图略)所示为1990年、1995年、2002年某校大学生事业计算机的情况,请描述其变化2.请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）3.你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题图图表表式式作作文文Studentstendtousecomputersmoreandmorenowadays.Readingthischart,wecanfindthattheaveragenumberofhoursastudentspendsonthecomputerperweekhasincreasedsharply.In1990,ithaslessthan2hours;andin1995,itincreasedtoalmost4hours,andin2000,thenumbersoaredto20hours.Obviouslycomputersarebecomingmoreandmorepopular.Mainlytherearethreereasonsforthis.Firstofall,computersplayanimportantroleinmanyaspectsoflife.Also,fastdevelopmentoftheInternetleadstogreaterdemandsforusingcomputers.WecaneasilycontactwithfriendsinremoteplacesthroughtheInternet.Besides,thepriceofcomputersaregettinglowerandlower,whichenablesmorestudentstoaffordthem.However,therearesomeproblems.Forexample,somestudentsspendtoomuchtimeinplayingcomputergamesandforgettostudy.Soweshouldbalancethetimebetweenusingcomputersandstudying.Anyhow,wewillbenefitalotfromcomputersaslongasweusethemproperly.论证句式v表示原因v表示好处v表示坏处v表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能v表示措施v表示变化表示原因TherearethreereasonsforThereasonsforareasfollowsThereasonforisthat表示好处IthasthefollowingadvantagesItdoesusalotofgoodItbenefitsusquitealotItisbeneficialtousIthasapositiveeffect.表示坏处IthasmoredisadvantagesthanadvantagesItdoesusmuchharmItisharmfultousIthassomenegativeeffects.表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能Itisimportant（necessary，difficult，convenient，possible）forsbtodosthWethinkitimportant（necessary，difficult，convenient，possible）todosthItplaysanimportantroleinourlife表示措施WeshouldtakesomeeffectivemeasuresWeshouldtryourbesttoovercome（conquer）thedifficultiesWeshoulddoourutmostindoingsthWeshouldsolvetheproblemsthatweareconfrontedwith表示变化SomechangeshavetakenplaceinthepastfiveyearsAgreatchangewillcertainlyappearintheworldscommunicationsThecomputerhasbroughtaboutmanychangesineducation2009年年6月月英英语语四四级级作作文文Free admission to museums1.越越来来越越多多的的博博物物馆馆免免费费开开放放的的目目的的是是什什么么?2.也也会会带带来来一一些些问问题题3.你你的的看看法法Free Admission to Museums(满满分分版版)vNowadays,anincreasingnumberofmuseumsareadmission-freetovisitorshomeandabroad.Thehiddenreasonbehindthisisnothardtoanalyzeastheresagrowingawarenessoftheauthoritiesregardingtheurgencyofpopularizationofculture,knowledgeandhistorywitheveryaveragepersoninoursociety.Onlywithfreeaccesstothislivedatabase,canmostpeoplefullyenjoywhatmuseumscouldofferthem.vHowever,freeadmissiontomuseumsmightleadtosomesocialproblemsaswell.Themostobviousproblemisthatitmightgivemuseumsaveryheavyeconomicburdenwhichdirectlyimpedesthesustainabledevelopmentoftheseorganizations.Asaresult,ourgovernmenthastoworkoutotherwaystocollectfundsfromdifferentchannels,whichmightbedifficulttooperateorcontrol.Ontheotherhand,freeadmissionattractstoomanyvisitors,someofwhichmightnotbewell-purposedanddosomeconsciousorunconsciousdamagetothevaluabletreasureswhichusedtobewell-preservedinthemuseums.vAsauniversitystudent,Iaminfavorofthefree-admissionconduct.Yetitisproposedthatsomemeasuresshouldbetakentosolvethepotentialproblemscausedbyit.Forexample,museumscanmakesomeregulationstoguidethebehaviorofvisitorsorsetsomecloseddaysformuseumsforregularmaintenance.Onlyinthiswaycanfree-admissiontomuseumsbecomealong-lastingphenomenonandhavesustainabledevelopment.vNowadays,moreandmoremuseumsbecomefreeofchargetopeoplebecausetheywanttomakethemselvesfamous.Inordertogainfame,theyopentheirdoorswidelytopeople.Itcanwidenpeoplesknowledge.vFirst,thiswillmakethetrafficmorebusy,becausesomepeoplemaybecomefromdifferentplaces.Eventheycomefromothercountries.Inmyopinion,weshouldchargesomemoney,thentherewillnottoomuchpeoplecometomuseums.Anotherwaytosolvetheproblemistoincreasethepublictransportssotherewillfewpeopleusetheirowncars.vThispolicyalsohavesomeproblems.Astheticketsarefree,moreandmorepeoplestarttohaveavisitforsomemuseums.Thisphenomenonmaymakemoreandmorerubbish.Theworkersmustincreasetheirworking.Themuseumsneedmoreworkers.Buttheyhavenomoneytosupportthispolicy.Maybeoneday,themuseumisclosedjustbecausetherearenobodytoclearthemuseum.这是整个第二段的文字。作者到底要表达什么？