大学英语六级巅峰阅读附答案.pdf

大学英语六级巅峰阅读附答案大学英语六级巅峰阅读附答案eBay eBay is a global phenomenon-the worlds largest garage sale,online shopping center,cardealer and auction site with 147 millionregistered users in 30 countries as of March 2022.Youcan findeverything from encyclopedias to olives to snow boots to stereos toairplanes for sale.And if you stumble on it before the eBay overseersdo,you might even find a human kidney ora virtual date.eBay Basics eBay is,first and foremost.an online auction site.You canbrowse through categories likeAntiques,Boats,Clothing&Accessories,Computers&Networking,Jewelry&Watches and Video Games.When you see something you like,you click on the auction titleandview the details,including pictures,descriptions,payment optionsand shipping information.If you place a bid on an item,you enter a contractual agreementto buy it if you win the auction.All auctions have minimum startingbids,and some have a reserve price-a secret minimumamount the selleris willing to accept for the item.If the bidding doesnt reach thereserveprice,the seller doesnt have to partwith the item.Inaddition to auctions,you can find tons offi 某 ed-price items on eBaythat make shopping there just like shopping at any otheronlinemarketplace.You see what you like,you buy it,you pay for itand you wait for it to arrive atyour door.You can pay for an item on eBay using a variety of methods,including money order,cashierscheck,cash,personal check andelectronic payment services like PayPal and BidPay.Its up toeachseller to decide which payment methods hell accept.第 1页 共 12页 Just as you can buy almost anything on eBay,you can sell almostanything,too.Using a simplelisting process,you can put all of thejunk in your basement up for sale to the highest bidder.When you sellan item on eBay,you pay listing fees and turn over a percentage ofthe final saleprice to eBay.Once you register(for free)with eBay,you can access all ofyour eBay buying and sellingactivities in asingle location called MyeBay.eBay Infrastructure A series of service disruptions in 1999 caused real problems foreBays business.Over thecourse of threedays,overloaded serversintermittently shut down,meaning users couldntcheck auctions,placebids or complete transactions during that period.Buyers,sellersandeBay were very unhappy,and a complete restructuring of eBaystechnological architectureFollowed.In 1999,eBay was one massive database server and a few separatesystems running thesearch function.In 2022,eBay is about 200database servers and 20 search servers.The architecture is a type of grid computing that allows for botherror correction and growth.With the e 某 ception of the searchfunction,everything about eBay can actually run onappro 某 imately 50servers-Web servers,application servers and data-storage systems.Eachserver has between 6 and 12 microprocessors.These50 0r soservers run separately,but theytalk to each other,so everybody knowsif there is a problem somewhere.eBay can simply addservers to thegrid as the need arises.While the majority of the site can run on 50 servers,eBay hasfour times that.The 200 serversare housed in sets of 50 in four第 2页 共 12页locations,all in the United States.When youre using eBay,youmay betalking to anyone of those locations at any time-they all store thesame data.If one ofthe systems crashes.there are three others topick up the slack.When youre on the eBay Web site and you click on a listing for aPersian rug,your computertalks to Web servers,which talk toapplication servers,which pull data from storage serversso you canfind out what the latest bid price is and how much time is left inthe auction.eBayhas local partners in many countries who delivereBays static data to cut down on downloadtime,and there aremonitoring systems in 45 cities around the world that constantly scanforproblems in the network.Using eBay:Security In order to make buyers feel safer when making purchases on eBay,all tangible(有形的)itemsare automatically insured for$200.Arecipe that was supposed to be delivered to you via e-mail is notconsidered a tangible item.But if you purchased a set of speakersthat neverarrived,and you go through the dispute process and eBaydetermines you were defrauded(欺骗)，you can get your money back upto$200.Buyer Fraud Buyer fraud is typically less damaging than seller fraud.Themost common type of fraud abuyer can commitis simply not paying foran item.Sellers can deal with non-paying bidders byfiling an UnpaidItem dispute.eBay will then attempt to contact the buyer and get herto pay.If she does not respond to eBays attempts after eight days,the seller is reimbursed(赔偿)foreBays cut of the final sale priceand can relistthe item for free.If the buyer does respond,第 3页 共 12页thedispute can end in one of three ways:The buyer decides to pay,and everybodys happy.The buyer and the seller decide together to abandon thetransaction,the seller getsreimbursed for the final-value fee andrelists the item for free,and everybodys happy.The seller decides noe to deal with the buyer,the buyer gets anunpaiditem strike against her,and the seller gets reimbursed for thefinal-value fee and relists the item for free.In the end,the damage to the seller is relatively small.Anothertype of buyer fraud occurswhen a buyer sends false payment.In mostcases,this is in the form of a bounced check,andthe seller finds outabout it before shipping the item.Bounced checks are as common oneBayas they are in the rest of the world,and many sellers choose notto accept personal checks forthis reason.Seller Fraud Seller fraud is what most people think about when they worryabout using eBay.There are twomain ways in which a buyer can bedefrauded by a seller:The item the buyer purchased isdramaticallydifferent from how it was described in the listing;or the itemsimply never arrives.One thing to keep in mind when you think youve been defrauded isthat miscommunication iscommon on eBay.For instance,if you didntread every word of the auction listing for your item,you may havemissed the part that said the seller would be out of town for threeweeks andwouldnt be able to ship the item untilshe returned.Thiscould be why you dont have your itemand the seller isnt answeringyour e-mails.Also,e-mail is not the most straightforward formofcommunication.If your item hasnt arrived after two weeks,and第 4页 共 12页youve e-mailed the sellerbut havent heard back,its a good idea tocheck your junk mail folder.Your seller may havesent a response e-mail that just never made it to your inbo 某.If theres nothingfromthe sellerin your junk folder,you can request that eBay revealyour sellers phone number so you cangive him a call and see whatsgoing on.If you dont get an answer to your phone call(or if your sellerlives in another country and itwould cost too much money to call),your ne 某 t step is to start the dispute process.When abuyerbelieves he has been defrauded,he can file a complaint,and eBaywill work to solve theproblem.When you file a complaint in eBaysItem Not Received or Significantly Not asDescribed system,eBay willact as middleman between you and your seller to try to settle thedispute.lf that fails,you can file a claim to get reimbursed for yourpurchase.eBay 购物 eBay 是一种全球化现象，它是世界上最大的旧货出售和在线购物中心、汽车经销商和拍卖站点。自 2022 年 3 月起它已在 30 个国家拥有了 1.47 亿个注册用户。你能在 eBay 上找到一切东西.从百科全书到橄榄、雪地靴、立体音响、到飞机，应有尽有。1如果你在 eBay 监察员插手之前偶然上上 eBay 网，你甚至可能找到一个人的肾脏或一个虚拟约会对象。eBay 基本知识 eBay 首先是一个在线的拍卖站点。你可以通过分类目录浏览古董、小船、服装和装饰品、电脑和互联网类产品、珠宝扣手表以及电子游戏等物品。你看见你喜欢的东西时，你可以点击一下拍卖标题，看看包括产品图片、产品描述、支付选择和送货方式等有关该产品的详细信息。如果你竞标一件物品，赢得拍卖的话。你就可以输入一项合同协议买下第 5页 共 12页它。所有的拍卖品都有一个最低起价，并且有些产品还有一个保留卖方愿意接受的秘密的最低价。2如果投标达不到保留价，卖方就不必出售该商品了。除拍卖之外，你还可以在 eBay 上找到大量价格固定的商品，这使得在eBay 购物就像在其他任何一家在线商场购物一样。你看见你喜欢的东西，买下它，付钱，然后就等货物上门。3对于在 eBay 上买的东西，你可以采用包括汇票、银行支票、现金、个人支票和像 PayPal 和 BidPay 一样的电子支付服务在内的多种付款方式。到底用哪种方式付款取决于各个卖家愿意接受哪种方式。正如你在 eBay 上几乎能买到任何东西一样，你也几乎可以在上面出售任何东西。列张清单，你就可以将你所有放在地下室里不要的东西摆出去竞卖。你在 eBay 出售一样物品时，你得支付挂牌费并且把最后售价的一部分分给eBay。4一旦你注册了(免费)eBay，你就能进入 eBay 网并在一个叫“我的eBay”的单独的地方进行所有的买卖活动了。eBay 的基础设施 1999 年发生的一系列服务混乱使 eBay 的经营出现了实质性的问题。在三天多的时间里，超载的服务器出现间歇关闭，这意味着用户在此期间不能查看拍卖情况，不能投标或完成交易。买方、卖方和 eBay 都非常不开心，因此在那之后 eBay 公司进行了次彻底的技术结构改造。在 1999 年，eBay 是靠一台巨大的数据库服务器和一些单独的系统运行检索功能。到 2022 年，eBay 有了大约 200 台数据库服务器和 20 台检索服务器。eBay 的结构采用一种网格计算体系，可以进行错误修正和升级。除检索功能以外，eBay 的一切操作实际上都能在大约 50 台服务器上运行。这些服务器包括 Web 服务器，应用服务器和数据存储系统。5每台服务器有 6 到 12 个微处理器。这 50 多台服务器是分开运行的，但是他们可以彼此交流，因此如果某个地方出了问题，大家都会知道。需要的时候，eBay 只需给网格增加服务器就行了。当大部分站点都能在 50 台服务器上运行时,eBay 又增加了 3 倍的服务器。第 6页 共 12页200 台服务器被分成了四组，每级 50 台服务嚣，各占一个位置。服务器全部都在美国。使用 eBay 时，你可以在任何时候和任何一个位置的服务器进行交流它们存储的数据都是一样的。如果其中一个系统崩溃，还有其他 3 个可以用。6你登陆 eBay 网站，点击一下波斯小地毯的目录，你的电脑便会将信息传达给 Web 服务器，Web 服务器又将信息传达给应用服务器，应用服务器于是从贮存服务器中提出数据，你就可以查到最新的竞标价以及这项拍卖还剩下多少时间。eBay 在很多国家都有负责传送 eBay 的静态数据以减少下载时间的本地合伙人，在全世界 45 个城市还有不断扫描网络问题的监控系统。使用 eBay：安全为了使购买者在 eBay 上买东西的时候感到更安全，所有的有形物品都会自动投保 200 美元。7不过通过电子邮件发送给你的一份食谱就不被认为是一件有形物品了。如果你购买了一套扬声器但一直没送到，你可以接通纠纷处理平台，eBay 会确定你是否被欺骗了，如果是，你就可以得回高达 200 美元的保险金。买方欺诈与卖方的欺诈行为相比，买方欺诈通常造成的损失较小。买方最常见的欺诈行为就是买了东西不付栈。8卖方可以通过向 eBay“出价不要纠纷处理平台”提出申请来对付那些不付款的投标者。eBay 会尽量与买方联系让她付钱。如果在 eBay 催款 8 天之后她仍未做出反应.eBay 就会取消收取该商品的最后销售提成以补偿卖方，卖方可以把那件商品免费重新放到商品目录上去。如果买方做出回应，纠纷就会以下列三种方式之一了结：买方决定付钱，皆大欢喜。买方和卖方一同协商后决定放弃交易.卖方通过免交最后销售价提成得到补偿，并将该商品免费重新放到商品目录上，也是皆大欢喜。卖方决定不与买方交易以打击买方的不付款行为，卖方通过免交最后销售价提成得到补偿，并将该商品免费重新放到商品目录上。最后，对卖方造成的损失相对来说就很小了。另一种类型的买方欺诈行为第 7页 共 12页是买方用假支票支付。在大多数情况下，买方使用空头支票会被卖方在寄送商品之前查出来。9空头支票在全世界其他地方随处可见，在 eBay 上也是如此。因此很多卖家都选择不接受个人支票付款。卖方欺诈大多数人不放心在 eBay 购物就是因为考虑到卖方可能的欺诈行为。卖方主要以两种方式欺骗买方：买方购买的东西与商品目录上的描述有非常大的差别;或者卖方没有将东西选到买方手中。当你认为你被欺骗了的时候，要注意一件事.即在 eBay 上经常发生交流失误。例如，如果你在拍卖目录里没有详细阅读你要买的商品的每一句描述，你可能就会错过说卖方将外出 3 周，要等她回来才能送货的这部分信息。这可能是为什么你没有收到你买的东西，以及为什么卖方没有回你邮件的原因。此外，电子邮件不是最直接的交流方式。如果你要的东西在两周之后还没到，并且你已经发了电子邮件给卖方，但是没有收到回复，你最好检查一下你的垃圾箱。你的卖方可能回了一封电子邮件给你，但没有被放到你的收件箱。如果你的垃圾箱也没有卖方的任何田复，你就可以要求 eBay 显示卖方的电话号码，你可以打电话给他，看看是怎么回事。如果打电话也没有回音(或者如果你的卖方住在另一个国家。打电话太贵)，你可以进入下一步的纠纷处理。当买方确信自己已经被欺骗时，他可以正式提出投诉.eBay 会对此问题进行处理。当你在 eBay 的“物品未收到或与描述的严重不符”系统提出投诉时，l0eBay 会作为你和你卖方的中间人进行纠纷调解。如果调解失败，你就可以正式提出索赔得到补偿。1.Which of the following may be banned by eBay overseers?A)Virtual dates.B)Any over-priced products.C)Priceless antiques.D)Rare animals for pets.2.Sellers have the right to refuse the deal if the offer is第 8页 共 12页lowertban_.A)the minimum starting bid B)the reserve price C)the average market price D)the wholesale cost 3.PayPal and BidPay are special names for_.A)money orders B)cashiers checks C)personal checks D)electronic payment services 4.On eBay,you buy or sell an item at_.A)My Account B)My Market C)My Store D)My eBay 5.At present,each of eBays server isequippedwith_microprocessors.A)200 B)about 50 C)6 to 12 D)20 6.When you click on a listing on the eBay Web site,your computerfirst com municatesto_.A)search servers B)Web servers C)application servers D)storage servers 7.A recipe is not considered tangible item if_.第 9页 共 12页 A)it is delivered later than the contracted time B)it never arrives at your place C)it is delivered to the buyer through e-mail D)it costs less than the market price 8.Sellers may contact eBay and apply for an Unpaid Itemdisputeagainst_.9.Many sellers tend to refuse personal checks for fearof_.10.During the dispute process between the seller and the buyer,eBay plays the roleof_.1.A定位根据题干中的 eBay overseers 定位至首段末句。解析：在原文该句末明确提到，此处是唯一提到 overseers 的地方，其他选项均来提及，很明显，本题答案为 A。2.B定位本题题干的题眼不明显，根据选项关键词 bid，price，cost等在原文查找与“出价”有关的细节，由此定位至第 1 个小标题 eBay Basics部分的第 2 段笫 3 句。解析：题干中的 have the right to refuse the deal 是原文该句doesnt have to part with the item 的近义改写，因此答案为 B。3.D定位根据题干中的 PayPal 和 BidPay 定位至第 1 个小标题 eBayBasics 部分的第 3 段首句。解析：原文该句末的 electronic payment services like PayPal andBidPay 表明 PayPal 和 BidPay 属于 electronic payment services，因此本题应选 D。4.D定位根据题干中的 buy or sell 及选项定位至第 1 个小标题 eBayBasics 部分的末段。解析：本题的题干题眼不明显，应从选项入手，因为这些选项都是专有名词，在原文应该比较显眼。逐一查找选项就可发现只有 D 在第 1 个小标题下末第 10页 共 12页段提及，其他选项均未提及。5.C定位根据题干中的 server 和 microprocessors 定位至第 2 个小标题 eBay Infrastructure 部分的第 3 段第 3 句。解析：本题除了可根据题干的题眼定位原文找到答案外，还可查找与选项数字相关的内容，这些数字集中在第 2 个小标题下第 2、3 段，这样，查找到 C的时候就可发现这一组数字为正确答案。6.B定位根据题干中的 listing 和 Web site 定位至第 2 个小标题 eBayInfrastructure 部分的末段首句。解析：原文该句提到了多个 server，还有多个套叠的定语从句，但是根据题干中的 first 可以迅速选择 B，因为这是在原文中首先提到的 server。7.C定位根据题干中的 recipe 和 tangible 定位至第 3 个小标题 UsingeBay：Security 部分的首段第 2 句。解析：根据题眼定位后，可知只有 C 在原文提及，其他选项都属于无中生有。8.non-paying bidders 定位根据题干中的 Unpaid Item dispute 定位至第 3 个小标题 UsingeBay:Security 部分的次标题 BuyerFraud 下首段第 3 句。解析：空白处应为名词(词组)。本题要求查找申请 Unpaid Item dispute的用处，原文句中的 deal with.by filing an Unpaid Item dispute 表明卖方以此对付那些不付款的投标者，因此 deal with 后的宾语 non-payingbidders 为本题答案。9.bounced checks 定位根据题干中的 personal checks 定位至第 3 个小标题 Using eBay:Security 部分的次标题 Buyer Fraud 下末段末句。解析：空白处应为名词(词组)。只要在原文找到 this reason 的所指，就能顺利解决本题。根据该段的主要内容和末句的主语可以推断 this reason 指的就是 bounced checks，这就是本题答案。10.middleman第 11页 共 12页 定位根据题干中的 dispute process 定位至全文末段倒数第 2 句。解析：空白处应为名词(词组)。题目中的 plays the role of 与原文中的act as 为同义词，加上题目中的 between the seller and buyer 和原文一致，不难判断本题答案应为原文 act as 后的 middleman。第 12页 共页 12