高中英语外刊阅读语法填空September 16.docx

高中英语外刊阅读语法填空September 161 英美发起反吸管运动 对塑料吸管说不The last straw: Is time up for this plastic relic?Every day, Americans throw away 500 million plastic straws, enough 1_(circle) the Earth twice, or fill 125 school buses.2_(make) from fossil fuels, they are almost never recycled because theyre too small and could be made from several different types of plastic. They simply contribute 3_ the massive problem of plastic pollution; eight million tons of plastic 4_( dump) into the oceans every year.Plastic straws are now the target of a growing movement to reduce their use. Possibly the first of such campaigns, Be Straw Free was started in 2011 by Milo Cress, 5_ was only nine years old at the time. "I noticed that whenever I ordered a drink at a restaurant, it would usually come with a straw in it, and I dont usually need a straw," he said."This seemed like a huge waste. Straws are made of oil, a precious and finite (有限的)resource. Is making single-use plastic straws, which will be used for a matter of minutes before being tossed away, really 6_ we want to do with this resource?" Cress started asking restaurants in Burlington, Vermont, where he lived at the time, to stop providing straws automatically to 7_(customer) and make them optional instead. Many agreed and his request made ripples(涟漪) nationwide. He says that restaurants that make the switch report a reduction in the number of straws they use between 50 and 80%.The anti-straw sentiment has crossed borders into the UK, where straws have been included in a government plan to ban all plastic waste by 2042. Last year, large pub chain Wetherspoons announced that it would replace plastic straws with paper alternatives across 900 outlets. After the 8_(announce), many smaller chains and pubs across the country followed suit. According to Wetherspoons CEO John Hutson, the move will save 70 million plastic straws a year and the reaction from patrons has been "very positive." Offering alternatives or making plastic straws optional, rather than 9_(ban) them outright, is a common trait among these campaigns. "We do not want to make people feel bad for needing or even wanting to use a straw in their drink," said Jackie Nunez, founder of The Last Plastic Straw."There are many other viable alternatives to single-use plastic drinking straws that are less harmful to the environment, wildlife and humans," she said. Some people use straws to reduce the damage of sugary or acidic drinks to their teeth, or due to special requirements. "There are 10_(disable) people who write me to tell me they carry reusable straws with them - many reusable straws even come with a carrying case," said Cress. "There are reusable glass, stainless steel, copper, bamboo, and several other kinds of reusable straws."keys:1 to circle 2 Made 3 to 4 is dumped 5 who6 what 7 customers 8 announcement 9 banning 10 disabled2 这种化学物质影响男性生育能力，英国80%青少年体内都有Plastic chemical linked to male infertility in majority of teenagers, study suggests一项研究表明，英国80%的青少年体内都含有双酚A。这种化学物质能诱发性早熟，导致男性生育能力下降。A plastics chemical 1_(link) to reduced fertility in men is in the majority of teenagers, research has found.More than 80 percent of teenagers have traces of the chemical compound in their bodies, according to the study 2_(involve) 94 young people aged between 17 and 19.The chemical known as Bisphenol A (双酚A) can 3_(find) in plastic containers and water bottles, till receipts(打印收据), on the inside of cans and bottle tops and in plastic packaging and tubing, and has similarities to female sex hormone oestrogen(雌激素). Some previous research has suggested that it could be linked to decreased sperm（精子） counts and could affect the way some genes work, though the plastics industry says it is safe. 4_(participant) in the study, students at Devon schools, tried to limit their contact with the chemical for a week through avoiding plastic packaging which contains BPA, switching to stainless steel and glass food and drink storage containers, and avoiding tinned food. The chemical has a 5_(relative) short half-life(半衰期) of six hours and passes out of the body quickly, but 86 percent of students had traces in their bodies, with 6_ average level of 1.9ng/ml, similar to levels recorded in other countries around the world. Overall they did not see a drop in their recorded levels, though some of those with the highest levels at the start of the study did experience some 7_(reduce). They also reported that it was difficult 8_( avoid) the chemical, because of unclear and inconsistent(不一致) labeling and the difficulty of sourcing and identifying food which was free of it. Tamara Galloway, Professor of Ecotoxicology at the University of Exeter, said: "There is growing evidence 9_ exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals(内分泌干扰素) may be associated with adverse health outcomes. Measurable levels of BPA were present in the vast majority of our participants."An professor ever said, "In an 10_(idea) world, we would have a choice over what we put into our bodies.keys:1 linked 2 involving 3 be found 4 Participants 5 relatively6 an 7 reduction 8 to avoid 9 that 10 ideal3 美国人为什么用土拨鼠来预测天气？Why do we use a groundhog(土拨鼠) to forecast the weather?Its only been in the past 60 or so years 1_ humans have been able to rely 2_ television meteorologists （气象播报员）for weather predictions. Before Al Roker, the Babylonians(巴比伦人) looked at cloud formations; in 300 BC, the Chinese had a calendar broken into 24 festivals, each with its own unique weather patterns. Today we use satellites and other costly equipment 3_(monitor) our environment, examining changes in the atmosphere and running sophisticated(精密的) computer models. And sometimes, we just stare at a groundhog. Every February 2, a doughy rodent 4_(name) Punxsutawney Phil briefly emerges from his winter hibernation to have a look around. If he sees his shadow（影子）, that means there will be six more weeks of winter. If he doesnt, we can assume that warm weather is looming. The ritual（仪式） 5_(carry) out in Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania every year since 1887. Relying on Phil is actually not much better than flipping a coinhes right an estimated 64.4 percent of the timebut clearly someone at one time believed a groundhog had predictive abilities. Who? And why? 6_(understand) Phils current status, it helps to know that superstition(迷信) and weather have had a long 7_(associate). Observers of the Christian holiday Candlemas, for example, received candles blessed by clergymen（牧师）. If the skies were cloudy that day, warm weather was imminent（即将到来）; if the sun was out, winter would persist（持续）. In Europe, the idea that winters duration （持续）could be foretold was carried over to animal behavior. Hibernating animals like bears, marmots（旱獭）, and hedgehogs（刺猬） were observed to see when theyd emerge from their dens. In Germany, the weather was anticipated by badgers（獾）. When Germans began settling in Pennsylvania, however, badgers werent so readily available: The 8_(easy) hibernating animal to locate was the groundhog. In 1887, a newspaper editor began circulating the idea that one groundhog in particular, Punxsutawney Phil, was a meteorological wonder. Before long, the entire country became preoccupied with Phils prognosticating, and 9_ annual tradition was born. Phil isnt the only one in the business of long-range forecasting.The Old Farmers Almanac, a 10_(year) digest of upcoming weather patterns for large geographical areas, is prepared up to 18 months in advance: Its editors claim an 80 percent accuracy rate, though some meteorologists dispute the viability of assessing weather more than two weeks out. Last year, Phil "predicted" six more weeks of winter. It turned out to be the second-warmest February on record.Keys:1 that 2 on 3 to monitor 4 named 5 has been carried6 To understand 7 association 8 easiest 9 an 10 yearly