Unit2 Grammar课件牛津译林版选择性必修第一册.ppt

,P20 A,Working out the rules The verb-ing form can be used as the subject of a sentence. The verb-ing form can also be used as the object of a (1)_or a (2)_.,verb,Working out the rules The verb-ing form can be used as the subject of a sentence. The verb-ing form can also be used as the object of a (1)_or a (2)_.,verb,preposition,Working out the rules The verb-ing form can be used as the subject of a sentence. The verb-ing form can also be used as the object of a (1)_or a (2)_.,Verb-ing形式作主语常用来表示经常性或习惯性的动作且通常放在句首。 Verb-ing形式可以用作某些动词或介词的宾语。,Focus on 重点关注,Verb-ing forms as subjects and objects,(1)Playing tricks on others is something we should never do. (2)Learning new words is very important for me. (3)Chatting with them improves our minds.,Verb-ing形式作主语,(1)Playing tricks on others is something we should never do. 捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的。(2)Learning new words is very important for me. (3)Chatting with them improves our minds.,Verb-ing形式作主语,(1)Playing tricks on others is something we should never do. 捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的。(2)Learning new words is very important for me. 学习新单词对我来说非常重要。 (3)Chatting with them improves our minds.,Verb-ing形式作主语,(1)Playing tricks on others is something we should never do. 捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的。(2)Learning new words is very important for me. 学习新单词对我来说非常重要。 (3)Chatting with them improves our minds. 和他们聊天增长我们的见识。,Verb-ing形式作主语,(1)Playing tricks on others is something we should never do. 捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的。(2)Learning new words is very important for me. 学习新单词对我来说非常重要。 (3)Chatting with them improves our minds. 和他们聊天增长我们的见识。,Verb-ing形式作主语,1.直接置于句首,(1)Playing tricks on others is something we should never do. 捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的。(2)Learning new words is very important for me. 学习新单词对我来说非常重要。 (3)Chatting with them improves our minds. 和他们聊天增长我们的见识。,Verb-ing形式作主语,1.直接置于句首,-ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。,(1) It is useless trying to argue with Shylock.(2) Its worth making the effort. (3) It is pleasant working with you. (4) Its no use crying over split milk.,(1) It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. 和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。(2) Its worth making the effort. (3) It is pleasant working with you. (4) Its no use crying over split milk.,(1) It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. 和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。(2) Its worth making the effort. 这事值得努力去做。 (3) It is pleasant working with you. (4) Its no use crying over split milk.,(1) It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. 和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。(2) Its worth making the effort. 这事值得努力去做。 (3) It is pleasant working with you. 跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。(4) Its no use crying over split milk.,(1) It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. 和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。(2) Its worth making the effort. 这事值得努力去做。 (3) It is pleasant working with you. 跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。(4) Its no use crying over split milk. 覆水难收。,2. 用形式主语it，把真正的 主语Verb-ing形式移至句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词。,(1) It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. 和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。(2) Its worth making the effort. 这事值得努力去做。 (3) It is pleasant working with you. 跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。(4) Its no use crying over split milk. 覆水难收。,2. 用形式主语it，把真正的 主语Verb-ing形式移至句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词。,(1) It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. 和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。(2) Its worth making the effort. 这事值得努力去做。 (3) It is pleasant working with you. 跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。(4) Its no use crying over split milk. 覆水难收。,2. 用形式主语it，把真正的 主语Verb-ing形式移至句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词。,(1) It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. 和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。(2) Its worth making the effort. 这事值得努力去做。 (3) It is pleasant working with you. 跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。(4) Its no use crying over split milk. 覆水难收。,形容词,2. 用形式主语it，把真正的 主语Verb-ing形式移至句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词。,(1) It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. 和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。(2) Its worth making the effort. 这事值得努力去做。 (3) It is pleasant working with you. 跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。(4) Its no use crying over split milk. 覆水难收。,形容词,名词,(1) It + be + a waste of time doing(2) It is/was no good/use doing(3) It is/was worth/worthwhile doing (4) It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing.,常用it 作形式主语，Verb-ing形式后置的句型有：,(1) It + be + a waste of time doing做是浪费时间。(2) It is/was no good/use doing(3) It is/was worth/worthwhile doing (4) It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing.,常用it 作形式主语，Verb-ing形式后置的句型有：,(1) It + be + a waste of time doing做是浪费时间。(2) It is/was no good/use doing做是没益/用处的。(3) It is/was worth/worthwhile doing (4) It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing.,常用it 作形式主语，Verb-ing形式后置的句型有：,(1) It + be + a waste of time doing做是浪费时间。(2) It is/was no good/use doing做是没益/用处的。(3) It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做是值得的。(4) It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing.,常用it 作形式主语，Verb-ing形式后置的句型有：,(1) It + be + a waste of time doing做是浪费时间。(2) It is/was no good/use doing做是没益/用处的。(3) It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做是值得的。(4) It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing. 做不值得。,常用it 作形式主语，Verb-ing形式后置的句型有：, I cant avoid going., Do you enjoy teaching?, I couldnt help laughing.,Verb-ing形式作宾语, I cant avoid going., Do you enjoy teaching?,我不能不去。, I couldnt help laughing.,Verb-ing形式作宾语, I cant avoid going., Do you enjoy teaching?,我不能不去。,你喜欢教书吗？, I couldnt help laughing.,Verb-ing形式作宾语, I cant avoid going., Do you enjoy teaching?,我不能不去。,你喜欢教书吗？, I couldnt help laughing.,我禁不住笑了起来。,Verb-ing形式作宾语, I cant avoid going., Do you enjoy teaching?,我不能不去。,你喜欢教书吗？, I couldnt help laughing.,我禁不住笑了起来。,1. Verb-ing形式可以用作动词的宾语，常见的动词(短语)有avoid, consider, enjoy, keep, finish, suggest, dislike, delay, escape, cannot help, imagine, mind, miss, practise, cannot stand, excuse, fancy, give up, risk等。,Verb-ing形式作宾语, Do you like reading? I like to read detective stories., I hate asking favors. He would hate to disappoint you.,(1) 有些动词后可接Verb-ing或to do作宾语，且语义相差不大。这类动词有: begin, love, like, continue, hate, propose, prefer等。, Do you like reading? I like to read detective stories., I hate asking favors. He would hate to disappoint you.,你喜欢看书吗？,(1) 有些动词后可接Verb-ing或to do作宾语，且语义相差不大。这类动词有: begin, love, like, continue, hate, propose, prefer等。, Do you like reading? I like to read detective stories., I hate asking favors. He would hate to disappoint you.,你喜欢看书吗？,我喜欢看侦探小说。,(1) 有些动词后可接Verb-ing或to do作宾语，且语义相差不大。这类动词有: begin, love, like, continue, hate, propose, prefer等。, Do you like reading? I like to read detective stories., I hate asking favors. He would hate to disappoint you.,你喜欢看书吗？,我不愿意求人帮忙。,我喜欢看侦探小说。,(1) 有些动词后可接Verb-ing或to do作宾语，且语义相差不大。这类动词有: begin, love, like, continue, hate, propose, prefer等。, Do you like reading? I like to read detective stories., I hate asking favors. He would hate to disappoint you.,你喜欢看书吗？,我不愿意求人帮忙。,我喜欢看侦探小说。,他不愿意让你失望。,(1) 有些动词后可接Verb-ing或to do作宾语，且语义相差不大。这类动词有: begin, love, like, continue, hate, propose, prefer等。,(2) 有些动词后既可以使用Verb-ing形式又可以使用to do，但语义有区别。,Example: forget regret remember mean try stop ,(2) 有些动词后既可以使用Verb-ing形式又可以使用to do，但语义有区别。,Example: forget regret remember mean try stop ,(2) 有些动词后既可以使用Verb-ing形式又可以使用to do，但语义有区别。,a. I shall never forget hearing her singing that song. b. I have forgotten to bring my umbrella.,Example: forget regret remember mean try stop ,(2) 有些动词后既可以使用Verb-ing形式又可以使用to do，但语义有区别。,a. I shall never forget hearing her singing that song. 我将不会忘记听过她唱那支歌的情景。b. I have forgotten to bring my umbrella.,Example: forget regret remember mean try stop ,(2) 有些动词后既可以使用Verb-ing形式又可以使用to do，但语义有区别。,a. I shall never forget hearing her singing that song. 我将不会忘记听过她唱那支歌的情景。b. I have forgotten to bring my umbrella. 我忘了带伞。,Example: forget regret remember mean try stop ,(2) 有些动词后既可以使用Verb-ing形式又可以使用to do，但语义有区别。,forget doing sth 忘记曾经做过某事(动作已发生)forget to do sth 忘记要去做某事(动作并未发生),a. I shall never forget hearing her singing that song. 我将不会忘记听过她唱那支歌的情景。b. I have forgotten to bring my umbrella. 我忘了带伞。,a. I regret lending him so much money because he never paid me back. b. I regret to tell you that you failed the test.,a. I regret lending him so much money because he never paid me back. 我很后悔借给他那么多钱，因为他从来没有还过我。b. I regret to tell you that you failed the test.,a. I regret lending him so much money because he never paid me back. 我很后悔借给他那么多钱，因为他从来没有还过我。b. I regret to tell you that you failed the test. 我遗憾的告诉你，你没有通过考试。,regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事(事情已经做过)regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事(事情正要做或还未做),a. I regret lending him so much money because he never paid me back. 我很后悔借给他那么多钱，因为他从来没有还过我。b. I regret to tell you that you failed the test. 我遗憾的告诉你，你没有通过考试。,a. I remember seeing you somewhere in London. b. Do you remember to post the letter?,a. I remember seeing you somewhere in London. 我记得在伦敦什么地方见到过你。b. Do you remember to post the letter?,a. I remember seeing you somewhere in London. 我记得在伦敦什么地方见到过你。b. Do you remember to post the letter? 你记住寄这封信了吗?,a. I remember seeing you somewhere in London. 我记得在伦敦什么地方见到过你。b. Do you remember to post the letter? 你记住寄这封信了吗?,remember doing sth 记得曾经做过某事（动作已发生）remember to do sth 记住去做某事（动作还没有发生）,a. Missing the bus means waiting for another hour. b. Im feeling very guilty - Ive been meaning to call my parents for days, but still havent got around to it.,a. Missing the bus means waiting for another hour. 错过那趟巴士意味着就要再等一个小时。b. Im feeling very guilty - Ive been meaning to call my parents for days, but still havent got around to it.,a. Missing the bus means waiting for another hour. 错过那趟巴士意味着就要再等一个小时。b. Im feeling very guilty - Ive been meaning to call my parents for days, but still havent got around to it. 我感到非常内疚几天来我一直打算给父母打电话，但还是没机会打。,a. Missing the bus means waiting for another hour. 错过那趟巴士意味着就要再等一个小时。b. Im feeling very guilty - Ive been meaning to call my parents for days, but still havent got around to it. 我感到非常内疚几天来我一直打算给父母打电话，但还是没机会打。,mean doing sth 意味着 mean to do sth 打算做某事,a. Why not try doing it in some other way? b. I tried to solve the problem but I couldnt.,a. Why not try doing it in some other way? 为什么不用其他办法试一试呢？b. I tried to solve the problem but I couldnt.,a. Why not try doing it in some other way? 为什么不用其他办法试一试呢？b. I tried to solve the problem but I couldnt. 我努力解答那个题，但我解不出。,a. Why not try doing it in some other way? 为什么不用其他办法试一试呢？b. I tried to solve the problem but I couldnt. 我努力解答那个题，但我解不出。,try doing sth 试着做某事try to do sth 尽力去做某事,a. Please stop talking aloud. b. They stopped to take photos.,a. Please stop talking aloud. 请不要大声说话。b. They stopped to take photos.,a. Please stop talking aloud. 请不要大声说话。b. They stopped to take photos. 他们停下来去拍照。,stop doing sth 停止做某事stop to do sth 停下来正在做的事情去做 另外一件事,a. Please stop talking aloud. 请不要大声说话。b. They stopped to take photos. 他们停下来去拍照。,a. Its raining hard, but the farmers go on working on the farm. b. After reading the text, the students went on to do the exercises.,a. Its raining hard, but the farmers go on working on the farm. 虽然天正下着大雨，但农民们继续在农场干活。b. After reading the text, the students went on to do the exercises.,a. Its raining hard, but the farmers go on working on the farm. 虽然天正下着大雨，但农民们继续在农场干活。b. After reading the text, the students went on to do the exercises. 学生们读完课文后，接着做练习。,go on doing sth 继续（原先没有做完的事）go on to do sth 继而（去做另外一件事）,a. Its raining hard, but the farmers go on working on the farm. 虽然天正下着大雨，但农民们继续在农场干活。b. After reading the text, the students went on to do the exercises. 学生们读完课文后，接着做练习。,a. She cant help smiling. b. He cant help to do housework, for he is busy.,a. She cant help smiling. 她禁不住笑了起来。b. He cant help to do housework, for he is busy.,a. She cant help smiling. 她禁不住笑了起来。b. He cant help to do housework, for he is busy. 他由于忙不能帮助干家务。,a. She cant help smiling. 她禁不住笑了起来。b. He cant help to do housework, for he is busy. 他由于忙不能帮助干家务。,cant help doing sth 情不自禁做某事cant help (to) do sth 不能帮忙做某事, She insisted on writing at once., They objected to leaving the motel., I dont feel like going to the movie., She insisted on writing at once., They objected to leaving the motel.,她坚持马上就写。, I dont feel like going to the movie., She insisted on writing at once., They objected to leaving the motel.,她坚持马上就写。,他们反对离开这家汽车旅馆。, I dont feel like going to the movie., She insisted on writing at once., They objected to leaving the motel.,她坚持马上就写。,他们反对离开这家汽车旅馆。, I dont feel like going to the movie.,我不想去看电影。, She insisted on writing at once., They objected to leaving the motel.,她坚持马上就写。,他们反对离开这家汽车旅馆。, I dont feel like going to the movie.,我不想去看电影。,2. Verb-ing形式可作介词宾语，常见的介词短语有devote to, object to, pay attention to, get down to, lead to, look forward to, insist on, put off, feel like, waste/ spend(in) doing sth., have trouble /difficulty (in) doing sth.等。,Verb-ing形式的被动形式,Verb-ing形式作主语或宾语时可以有被动形式。, Being praised by the teacher makes me happy., Jack escaped being hit by a car.,Verb-ing形式的被动形式,Verb-ing形式作主语或宾语时可以有被动形式。, Being praised by the teacher makes me happy., Jack escaped being hit by a car.,被老师表扬我很高兴。,Verb-ing形式的被动形式,Verb-ing形式作主语或宾语时可以有被动形式。, Being praised by the teacher makes me happy., Jack escaped being hit by a car.,被老师表扬我很高兴。,杰克没有被车撞到。,