高考英语语法复习宾语从句 表语从句 课件.ppt

宾语从句 表语从句,Book 3 Unit3 Grammar,简单句,并列句,复合句,主+谓,主+谓+宾,主+谓+间宾+直宾,主+谓+宾+宾补,顺承关系,转折关系,选择关系,因果关系,状语从句,定语从句,名 词 性 从 句,时间,地点,原因,条件,方式,让步,目的,结果,比较,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,主+系+表,英语句子（按结构划分） （按交际功能划分）,感叹句,陈述句,疑问句,祈使句,对比关系.,Show your passport, please. She isnt interested in anything. How many do you want? - I want two. They sent the injured to hospital. They decided to leave now. I enjoy working with you. Did you write down what he said?,（名词 ）,( 代词）,(数词),(名词化的形容词),（不定式）,（动名词）,（句子）,宾语: 动作的对象或承受者，常置于_或 _ 后,Grammar,Object（宾语）,A sentence served as object is called Object Clause.,及物动词,介词,1由从属连词 that whether, if 引导,3由连接副词where, when, how, why,引导,2由连接代词who, whom, whose,what,which引导,三、宾语从句注意事项,二、宾语从句引导词,一、宾语从句定义及类型,宾语从句,一、宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后，分为三类：,宾语从句,及物动词后的宾语从句,介词后的宾语从句,形容词后的宾语从句,1.The general ordered that troops _ (set off ) at once.2.He suggested that we _(buy) dictionaries.3.I insisted that he _.4.His face suggests that he _(look) worried. 5.He insist he _(be)a good student. 6. It is suggested that we _ to the park later. A. will go B. went C. go D. has gone,(should) set off,is,looks,(should) apologize to me,(should) buy,1.大多数及物动词后都可以跟宾语从句。但要注意： 1)在表示建议命令等词的动词后，宾语从句的谓语动词常用“should+do”.,一坚持 (insist) 二命令(order command) 三建议 (advise, suggest,recommend) 四要求 (request, require, demand, ask) desire urge,2) 部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句 I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out. 我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了. Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip? 你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗? 动词短语也可以带宾语从句 常见的这些词有: make sure确保 make up ones mind下决心 keep in mind牢记 Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in. 在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.,3) 可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句 动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.,1. 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.2.我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾. 3.我每天写日记成了习惯. 4.我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.,I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .,I feel it a pity that I did not go to the get-together.,I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.,We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater.,2.介词的宾语从句 用wh-类的介词宾语从句 We are talking about whether we admit students into our club. 我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部. The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space. 这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升如太空的. 用that,if引导的介词宾语从句 I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company. 对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.,3.某些表态度、情感的形容词也可引导宾语从句: sure, certain, glad, pleased, happy, sorry, afraid, satisfied, surprised I am sure I will pass the exam. 我确信我会通过考试. I am sorry that I have troubled you so long. 很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你. He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill. 他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.,二、宾语从句的连接词,1.主句+that+从句（从属连词）,2.主句+if/whether+从句（从属连词）,3.主句+wh-疑问词+从句（连接代词、连接副词）,1) We all know that Yesterday our English teacher praised us in the classroom。 2) Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.3) I know nothing about him except that he is living in Beijing.4) We made it clear that we would not give in.,注意：1.and连接两个及以上宾语从句, 只有第一个that可以省略。 2.当that作介词except, in等的宾语时 3.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时,例如： think, find, consider+ it+ that从句,1.that引导的宾语从句,无成分，无意义,We dont know if / whether English teacher praise us yesterday,I doubt if / whether he lives in Beijing.,1、 Does he live in Beijing ? I doubt,2、 Did English teacher praise us yesterday? I dont know,合并句子,2. if/whether引导的宾语从句,无成分，译为 “是否”,I dont know_ or not youll go. He doesnt know _ to visit that old man again. Im interested in _ hell go or not. _ he lives there, I want to know. We discuss _ we should close the store.,whether,Whether,whether,whether,whether,后面有or not,后面跟不定式时,宾从在介词后,当宾语从句置于句首时,在动词discuss之后,Yesterday our English teacher praised us in the classroom in a funny manner because we performed well.,就划线部分提问,Who praised us in the classroom yesterday?,Whom did our english teacher praise yesterday ?,What did our english teacher do yesterday in the classroom?,When did our English teacher praise us in the classroom?,Where did our english teacher us praise yesterday?,Why did our english teacher praise us yesterday ?,How did our english teacher praise us yesterday in the classroom?,主语,宾语,宾语,时间状语,地点状语,方式状语,原因状语,Which teacher praised us yesterday in the classroom ?,定语,We dont know who praised us in the classroom. We dont know whom did our english teacher praise yesterday in the classroom?We dont know what did our english teacher do yesterday in the classroom?We dont know when did our English teacher praise us in the classroom?We dont know where did our english teacher us praise ?We dont know how did our english teacher praise us yesterday in the classroom?We dont know why did our english teacher praise us yesterday in the classroom?We dont know which teacher praised us yesterday in the classroom?,将所有特殊疑问句放在 We dont know 之后:,主语,宾语,宾语,时间状语,地点状语,方式状语,原因状语,定语,what 与 which引导宾语从句的区别：,1.I dont know what happened just now.2.I dont knowwhat the teacher said. 3.I dont knowwhat gift i should buy.4.I dont know what side effect the medicine will bring about.5.I dont know what i want to be.,what 没有范围选择，译为什么，which是在一定范围选择，哪一个、种,1.I dont know which class is the best out of these twenty classes. 2.I dont know which is the best out of these twenty classes. 3.I dont know which I should choose out of the five books.,主语,宾语,定语,定语,主语,定语,表语,宾语,1.I am not sure _ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla that suddenly appears out of nowhere.（2018 全国卷三）2.If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate _ is below the water surface. Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.（2015 浙江）3.When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know_ lane he is entering. （2010 上海）,which,what,which,带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句,Could you tell us how often you go abroad for a holiday ?,Could you tell us how long the meeting will last ?,I dont know how far it is to the cinema .,Please tell us how many students there are in your school ?,Can you tell us how old his brother is ?,Please tell us how soon you will be ready .,Could you tell us how much it costs to fly to Hainan ?,L2 Oliver believes that with a million pound bank note a man could survive a month in London.L5 and does not know what he should do.L22 I wonder if youd mind us asking a few questions. L24 May we ask what youre doing in this country and what your plans are?L25 I cant say that I have any plans. L29 His eyes stare at what is left of the brothers dinner on the table.L32 I didnt know whether I could survive until morning.L41 , may I ask you how much money you have? L58 Why dont you explain what this is all about?,L2 Oliver believes that with a million pound bank note a man could survive a month in London.L5 and does not know what he should do.L22 I wonder if youd mind us asking a few questions. L24 May we ask what youre doing in this country and what your plans are?L25 I cant say that I have any plans. L29 His eyes stare at what is left of the brothers dinner on the table.L32 I didnt know whether I could survive until morning.L41 , may I ask you how much money you have? L58 Why dont you explain what this is all about?,1) He answered_ he was listening to me .2) I dont know _ you said.3) I told him _ happened to me last night.4) I dont know _ you are going to do.,what,用that/what 填空,what,that,what,6) He asked _ could answer the question .7) Do you know_ well have a meeting?8) Please tell me _ he is .9) Can you tell me _ I can get to the station?10) Could you tell me _ the train is late?,who,when/where,where/who,how,why,1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the library. His brother asks when will he go to the library.,主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）,三、宾语从句注意事项,what, who在宾语从句中作主语时，语序不变：,1. 宾语从句语序,2. 否定的转移,若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等， 其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。,I dont think you are right.,我认为你是错的。,1)I know that he_( live) here .2)Tom is upset now,and I am going to tell you what _ (happen)to him.,主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态， 根据实际情况而定。,lives,has happened,3. 宾语从句的时态,2.如果主句是过去的时态,宾语从句必须用过去的某一种时态,1)He asked whether his father_ (come) back tomorrow. 2)He said that he _(see) it .,would come,had seen,He told me the earth _ (move) around the sun.,3. 从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时， 仍用一般现在时。,moves,The teacher told me she _ (be) born in 1960.I heard that he _ (go) to Paris last night. 4. 从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。,went,was,翻译下列句子，比较what，whatever，whichever，whoever, whomever引导的从句的类别1. These wild flowers are so special that I would do whatever I can to save them.,这些野花如此不同寻常我要竭尽全力(做任何我能做的)来拯救它们。宾语从句。,宾语从句中连接词疑问词(ever)用法有哪些？,2. These wild flowers are so special that I would do what I can to save them.,这些野花如此不同寻常我要做力所能及的事(做我能做的)来拯救它们。宾语从句。,3. Read what book you like.4. Dont trust him, whatever he says. 5. I can do whatever work I can find. 6. Whatever difficulties we meet, we can work them out. 7. You should wear whichever dress suits you best.,我可以做我能找到的任何工作。 宾语从句。,喜欢读什么书就读什么书。宾语从句。,无论他说什么，都别信。状语从句。,无论遇到什么困难，我们都能解决它们。状语从句。,什么衣服最适合你穿，你就应该穿什么。宾语从句。,8. There are so many jackets here.Choose whichever you like.9. Whoever does it, it should be well done.,这儿有如此多的夹克衫，喜欢哪件就选哪件吧。宾语从句。无论谁做这件事，都要做好它。状语从句。,10. Give the book to whoever needs it.11. Whomever you like, do make sure he is honest.,把这本书给任何一个需要它的人。宾语从句。,无论你喜欢谁，要保证他是诚实的。状语从句。,12. I always give whomever I invite a warm welcome.,我总是非常热情地欢迎我所邀请的任何人。宾语从句。,1. 我们能否问你在这个国家做什么以及你的计划是什么。2. 他的双眼盯着这对兄弟餐桌上的剩菜剩饭。3. 我不知道我是否能活到早晨。4. 我能否问你有多少钱？5. 无论你什么时候想来就一定要来，你想吃什么就吃什么。(B3U3)6. 我能否问你那天在我的餐馆里做什么。 我想知道我的顾客上周去了哪里？(B3U2)7. 没有人确切地知道恐龙为何在如此段的时间里从地球消失。(B2U4)8. 你们应当更多关注我所生活的热带雨林，并理解动物们如何在一起生活。(B2U4)9. 我生活在你们称之为古希腊的地方。(B2U2)10. 尽管她并不知道到达某些地方的最佳方式，她却坚持要自己把这次旅行安排得尽善尽美。(B1U3),1. May we ask what youre doing in this country and what your plans are.2. His eyes stare at what is left of the brothers dinner on the table.3. I didnt know whether i could survive until morning.4. May i ask you how much money you have?5. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like.6. May i ask what you were doing in my restaurant the other day? I wanted to know where my customers had gone last week.7. Nobody knows for sure why and how dinosaurs disappeared from the earth in such a short time?8. You should pay more attention to the rainforest where i live and appreciate how the animals live together.9. I lived in what you call Ancient Greece.10. Although she didnt know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly.,Predicative Clauses 表语从句,表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句, 放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。 可以接表语从句的系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。另外,常用的还有the reason why is that 和It is because 等结构。例如：,. 表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后. 作用:对主语进行解释说明。,连接词：that / whether /as if /as though（ if 不 引导 表语从句)连接代词：who / whom / whose / which / what 连接副词：when / where / why / how / because,1. The question is whether we can rely on him.2. Thats because we were in need of money at that time .3. He looked as if he was going to cry .4. Thats why I was late .,在表语从句中，表“是否” 时，只能用 “whether”不能用“If”。一般情况下，“that”不能省。 It is /was because . It is /was why. 3. The reason (why/for)is /was that.4 The reason is because /why,that .,注 意,名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句,在这种句型中，常用表示事实，真理的名词，如：fact, truth 或表示看法，观点的名词，如：idea,opinion,belief,view,feeling,suggestion,plan等作主语。,如：1.The fact is that our team has won the game.2.The truth is that she was the very person who informed against her husband.,Summary : 在复合句中，充当 _的从句叫宾语从句，是 _的一种，通常放在主句_、_或某些表情感态度的 _ 之后。复合句中充当 _的从句叫表语从句，通常放在主句_后 其连接词有从属连词，连接代词和连接副词。从属连词在从句中_做任何成分，连接代词在从句中作_, _, _, _等，连接副词在从句中充当_.表从多了三个连接词_。,宾语,名词性从句,及物动词,介词,形容词,不,主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,表语,系动词,as if/though/because,