浙江专版2017秋九年级英语全册Unit6Whenwasitinvented语法小专题习题新版人教新目标版.doc

Unit 6 When was it invented单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus)语法精讲2一般过去时的被动语态一般过去时的被动语态表示在过去某一时间发生的被动性动作，由“was/were及物动词的过去分词”构成。一般过去时的被动语态的疑问形式是将was/were提到句首，肯定回答用“Yes，主语was/were.”；否定回答用“No，主语wasn't/weren't.”。一般过去时的被动语态的否定形式是在was/were后加not。如：All the bananas were eaten up by the two girls.所有的香蕉都被这两个女孩吃光了。The big square wasn't built in 2008.这个大广场不是在2008年建造的。 Were lots of trees planted last year? 去年栽了许多树吗？Yes，they were./No，they weren't.是的，栽了。/不，没栽。【拓展】特殊的被动语态1含有双宾语的被动语态含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可以将其中任何一个宾语变为被动结构的主语。一般是把主动结构中指人的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，这样句子显得自然；若把指物的宾语变为被动语态的主语，间接宾语前要加介词to，for等。通常情况下，谓语动词是tell，bring，pass，lend，give，write等时，要在间接宾语前加to；谓语动词是buy，cook，find，make，draw等时，要在间接宾语前加for。如：He lent me a bike. I was lent a bike (by him)A bike was lent to me (by him)他借给了我一辆自行车。2复合宾语的被动语态若主动句为“主语谓语宾语宾补”这种复合宾语结构时，则只能将宾语变为被动结构的主语，宾补变成被动结构的主语补足语。如：We call him Xiao Wang.我们叫他小王。He is called Xiao Wang.他叫小王。【注意】若主动语态中的宾补是省略to的不定式，变为被动语态时需把to还原。如：They heard her sing a song at the party.She was heard to sing a song at the party.在晚会上他们听她唱了一首歌。3特殊疑问句的被动语态和主动句一样，仍将疑问词置于句首。若主动句的疑问词是who，变被动句时要改为by whom置于句首，也可仍用who，而将 by置于句末。如：Who bought the book? Who was the book bought by？/By whom was the book bought? 谁买了这本书？语法精练.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1My brother went to bed so late because his homework wasn't_finished(not finish) on time.2A present was_given(give) to me by my friend on my birthday.3He was_seen(see) to swim in Daming Lake yesterday.4Annie was_invited(invite) to the party.She had a wonderful time with us.5Luckily，no one was_hurt(hurt) in the car accident near the school.6Sorry.The book you ask for was_sold(sell) out two days ago. 7My shoes were_washed(wash) by my mother yesterday.8Were a lot of useful things invented(invent) by Edison?9The window was_cleaned(clean) ten minutes ago，and the room looks bright now.10I can sing the songs.They were_taught(teach) by our English teacher yesterday.按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。11The bike was produced in 2013(对画线部分提问)When was the bike produced? 12The new machine was made by Tom(对画线部分提问)Who was the new machine made by?13Did your uncle wash the car yesterday afternoon？(改为被动语态)Was the car washed by your uncle yesterday afternoon?14My brother sent an English letter to me last Saturday.(改为被动语态)An English letter was sent to me last Saturday.15Yesterday we were asked to clean the classroom by our teacher.(改为主动语态)Yesterday our teacher asked us to clean the classroom.