2019高考英语一轮核心考点探究与练习教材复习篇Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumour含解析新人教版必修4.doc
Unit 3A taste of English humour李仕才【短文语法填空】As less people choose to make sugar paintings, the traditional Chinese folk craft might have become a 1 (distance) memory in some ways. However, a 38-year-old craftsman, Li Jiangzhong, is committed to 2 (keep) the art of sugar painting alive.Li worked as a miner for more than ten years. After 3 mine closed down, Li turned 4 housing decoration, until he 5 (force) to give that up due to a finger injury. Earlier this year, he discovered sugar painting, something he really had an interest in.Since there was no sugar painting craftsman in his village, he studied by 6 (he) through large quantities of videos and information on the Internet. Li loved painting when he was young, and he found it easy to learn the skill in sugar painting. He soon mastered the skill and could make a 7 (vary) of sugar paintings. A sugar painting is made with 8 (melt) brown or white sugar. Craftsman 9 (normal) paint animals and flowers on a stone board with the syrup(糖浆). When the sugar cools down, 10 appears is a piece of sugar art.【文章大意】本文是记叙文，讲述38岁的李健忠回到老家继承中国传统文化，学习制作糖画的故事，文章还说明了糖画的制作。1.distant【解析】考查词性转换。空格处修饰名词memory，形容词修饰名词作定语，故填distant。2.keeping3.the【解析】考査冠词。上文提到他做过十多年矿工，故此处表示他所在的矿井关闭以后，为特指，故填the。4.to【解析】考查介词。句意：他转而去做房屋装修的工作了。 turn to“转而做，转向”是固定词组。故填 to。5.was forced【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：直到他因为手指受伤而被迫放弃。此处讲述过去的事情，故用一般过去时，句子的主语和force之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语和是第三人称单数。故填was forced。6.himself【解析】考查代词。句意：由于他的村子里没有糖画手艺人，因此他自学制作糖画。by oneself固定用法，表示“独自地，全靠自己地”，故填himself。7.variety【解析】考查词性转换。句意：他很快掌握了这项技术并能制作出各种各样的糖画。a variety of“各种各样”是固定短语，故填variety。8.melted 9.normally【解析】考查词性转换。句意：手艺人们通常用糖浆在石板上画动物和花。修饰谓语动词用副词作状语，故填normally。10.what【解析】考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“所的东西”，what引导主语从句，作主语、宾语或者表语。故填what。content adj.满意的，满足的n满足，满意；内容，含量vt.使满足(1)be content to do sth.乐于做某事feel/be content with.对满足/满意be content that.对满足/满意(2)content sb./oneself with sth.使某人/自己满足于某事(教材原句)He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed，so they could feel more content with their lives.在人们感到沮丧的时候，他可以使他们开怀大笑，于是人们就对自己的生活感到比较满足。(2015·四川卷)Andy is content with the toy.It is the best he has ever got.安迪对这个玩具很满意，这是他收到的最好的(礼物)。(2016·天津卷)When planning Encyclopaedia Britannica(大英百科全书)，I had to create a table of contents (content) based on the topics of its articles.当计划大英百科全书时，我不得不以文章的话题为基础而列了一个目录。单句语法填空(2017·全国卷)There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt.(1)content作形容词时，通常作表语、后置定语或状语，作前置定语时要用contented，如：a contented expression满足的表情。(2)在充当表语表示“非常满意”时用be well content而不能用be very content。astonish vt.使吃惊，使惊奇(1)astonish sb.with/by sth.用某事使某人惊讶be astonished at/by sth.对某事感到惊讶be astonished to do sth.惊讶地做某事(2)astonished adj.感到吃惊的(3)astonishing adj.令人吃惊的(4)astonishment n惊讶to ones astonishment 使某人惊讶的是in astonishment 吃惊地(教材原句)You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk.你可能会感到惊奇，查理刚会说话时大人就教他唱歌，他刚会走路时大人就教他跳舞。(2016·浙江卷)What brought about this astonishing (astonish) change in me?是什么造成了我这样令人惊讶的改变？To our great astonishment (astonish)，the boss wasnt_astonished (not astonish) at the astonishing (astonish) news at all.使我们非常吃惊的是，老板对这个令人吃惊的消息一点也不吃惊。单句语法填空(2017·江苏卷)Elsewhere in Asia even more astonishing (astonish) actions are being taken.convince vt.使人信服；使相信(1)convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事convince sb.of sth.使某人相信某事convince sb.that.使某人相信(2)convinced adj.坚定不移的；有坚定信仰的be convinced of确信；相信be convinced that.确信(3)convincing adj.令人信服的；有说服力的(教材原句)The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted!令人心悦诚服的表演使你相信这是他吃过的最可口的饭菜之一了！I am_convinced (convince) that sooner or later we will succeed.我确信我们迟早会成功的。You need to convince your interviewer of your ability to master the work.你需要让你的面试官相信你有驾驭这份工作的能力。(2015·陕西卷)Mr.Holden returned home from his holiday upset and convinced (convince) his pet was dead.direct vt.& vi.导演；指挥；指示adj.径直的；直接的；直率的adv.直接地(1)direct sb.to do sth.指示(令)某人做某事direct that.(should)do sth.指示做某事(2)direction n方向；方位；指点；指示；说明书in the direction of 朝方向under the direction of 在的指导下in all directionsin every direction 朝四面八方ask directions 问路(教材原句)Charlie Chaplin wrote，directed and produced the films he starred in.查理·卓别林自编、自导、自制他主演的电影。After school，she directly (direct) went to the direction (direct) of the cinema to see the new film directed (direct) by the famous director (direct)放学后，她径直向电影院方向走去，去看由那位著名的导演导演的新影片。(2015·四川卷)Even so，we decided to talk with the owners directly (direct)单句语法填空(2017·北京卷)Now we have the most direct (directly) evidence yet that he is right.particularly adv.尤其；特别particular adj.特殊的；特别的；挑剔的n.细节；细目be particular about/over sth.对讲究/挑剔be particular to do sth.特地做某事in particularparticularly 尤其；特别；格外(教材原句)Children particularly would burst into laughter at his behaviour.孩子们尤其对他的表演报之以大笑。She likes fruit and apples in particular.她喜欢水果，尤其是苹果。I have nothing particular (particularly) to do this evening，so lets go out for a walk.今晚我没有什么特别的事要做，咱们出去散散步吧！【七选五】Learning another language is an exciting trip into a new world, and it can take some time and effort to get there. Luckily, there are a few easy ways to make your adventure go a lot more smoothly.Learn a little every day.One of the keys to learning another language is practicing a little bit every day. 1 Studying for long periods can wear you out and limit your focus. Starting with small but regular sessions is the best way to keep your grammar and vocabulary fresh in your mind.Practice out loud. 2 Pronunciation is the key to learning another language and to making yourself understood by native speakers. Read sentences aloud from books or magazines in the language you re studying, or just read over your grammar exercises while youre practicing. Youll start to get used to the way the new words sound and feel.Close the books.From films to international websites, there are dozens of ways to encounter(遇到)other languages in the real world. 3 Listen to international radio stations many of them are streaming over the Internet or look up the websites of newspapers in the language youre studying. You can keep learning another language while surfing the web or having a movie night with your friends! 4 Learning another language takes determination and perseverance, so keep practicing! Remember to review the basics as well as new vocabulary and grammar, since everything you learn will build on the foundation you start with.Luckily, you have a great reason to keep up the hard work. 5 A. Be optimistic.B. Keep it up.C. Eventually, theyll just come naturally.D. Remember to explore some of them when youre learning another language.E. Learning another language can broaden your horizons and introduce you to new people and parts of the world.F. Get a feel for the language by saying words and phrases out loud while you practice.G. Reserve an hour to practice each day and stick to your schedule【语篇解读】本文介绍了学好另一种语言的几种方法。1.G 根据前一句One of the keys to learning another language is practicing a little bit every day.可知学习语言的关键是要每天练习，因此每天要复习一小时，并且坚持你的计划。故选G。3.D 根据句子there are dozens of ways to encounter(遇到)other languages in the real world.可知有多种方法可以在真实场景下遇到其他语种，那么下一句应该是说我们要学会探索出一些场景。故选D。4.B 根据下面的句子Learning another language takes determination and perseverance, so keep practicing!可知小标题应该是坚持，由此判断选B。5.E 根据前面的句子Luckily, you have a great reason to keep up the hard work.(幸运的是你有一个很好的理由来坚持这个艰难的工作。)可知下面要讲到原因，即这样做的好处/优点：开扩视野，帮你看到一个崭新的世界，由此判断选E。badly off 穷的；缺少的(1)(2)be badly off for 缺乏be badly in need of 急需think badly of 对有看法do badly in 在方面做得差；不成功(3)worse and worse 越来越坏；每况愈下go from bad to worseto make matters worse (而)更糟糕的是(and)what is worseworse still(教材原句)Unfortunately his father died，leaving the family even worse off，so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother.不幸的是他的父亲去世了，使得他的家境更加艰难，因此，卓别林童年时期都在照顾他生病的母亲和弟弟。Dont let yourself despair；this will only make matters worse (bad)不要想不开，这样只能使情况变得更糟。We shouldnt complain about being poormany families are much (more) worse off than we are.我们不应该因为穷而叫苦连天许多人的家境比起我们来还要糟得多呢。pick out 挑出；辨别出pick out sb./sth.from.从中挑出/辨别出某人/物pick up 捡起；让某人搭车；继续；摔倒后站起来；便宜地买到；接收(节目)；无意中学会；染上(疾病)；(身体等)好转恢复pick off 摘掉；摘下来pick oneself up 跌倒后站起来pick up with sb.结识某人(教材原句)Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti.查理首先挑出鞋带来吃，像是吃意大利面一样。Youll soon pick up health when you get to the seaside.到了海滨，你就会很快地恢复健康。He picked (pick) up some French while he was away on a business trip in Paris.他在巴黎出差时顺便学会了一些法语。单句语法填空(2017·全国卷)Dont forget to stop by Pacific Science Centers Store while you are here to_pick (pick) up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. 【短文改错】Living without an aim is like sailing without compass.If there is no aim in our lives，we will get lose. Last term，I couldn't accept the truth which I failed in my math examination.I decided to give it up，so I skipped from classes frequently.Considered my case，my teacher offered me several detailed approach and advised me to set a shortterm goal to improve my math.Finally，I work harder than ever and made great progress in her math.In my opinion，success lies in a series of goals.However，we should remember to make our targets clearly and spare no effort to realize our dreams.【答案】Living without an aim is like sailing without compass.If there is no aim in our lives，we will get . Last term，I couldn't accept the truth I failed in my math examination.I decided to give it up，so I skipped classes frequently. my case，my teacher offered me several detailed and advised me to set a shortterm goal to improve my math.Finally，I harder than ever and made great progress in math.In my opinion，success lies in a series of goals. ，we should remember to make our targets and spare no effort to realize our dreams.第一处：compass前加a。考查冠词。compass为可数名词，表示泛指，要用不定冠词。第二处：loselost。考查形容词。此处的get为系动词，故其后应用形容词。第三处：whichthat。考查名词性从句。名词truth后为同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用that。第四处：删除from。考查介词。skip classes意为“逃课”，故from多余。第五处：ConsideredConsidering。考查介词。此处应用介词considering在句中作状语。第六处：approachapproaches。考查名词。approach作“方法”讲时，是可数名词；由前面的several可知，应用复数形式。第七处：workworked。考查动词时态。根据语境可知，work的动作发生在过去，故应该使用一般过去时。第八处：hermy。考查代词。此处表示“我的数学有了很大进步”，故代词应用my。第九处：HoweverTherefore。考查副词。根据语境可知， 此处为因果关系；后面有逗号隔开，故应用Therefore。第十处：clearlyclear。考查形容词。此处应用形容词作make的宾语补足语，用于补充说明名词targets。Unfortunately his father died，leaving_the_family_even_worse_off，so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother.不幸的是他的父亲去世了，使得他的家境更加艰难，因此，卓别林童年时期都在照顾他生病的母亲和弟弟。leaving the family even worse off为现在分词短语作结果状语。His parents died in the terrible accident，leaving (leave) him an orphan.父母在可怕的事故中丧生，使他成为孤儿。A few men were quarrelling noisily at midnight，waking (wake) almost everyone in the building.几个人在半夜吵架，几乎把大楼里所有的人都吵醒了。He hurried to the bus stop，only to_be_told (tell) the bus had left.他匆匆地去了车站，结果被告知车已经离开。现在分词作结果状语常表示意料、情理之中的结果，而不定式作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果。Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as_if_they_were spaghetti.查理首先挑出鞋带来吃，像是吃意大利面条一样。本句as if引导方式状语从句，表示与事实不相符的状况，故用虚拟语气。He behaved as though/if nothing had_happened (happen)他表现得若无其事。(2017·全国卷)When fat and salt are removed from food, the food tastes as_if it is missing something.当脂肪和盐被从食物中除去之后，食物尝起来好像失去了什么。(1)as if可在look，seem等系动词后引导表语从句。当说话人认为从句的情况实现的可能性较大或者就是事实时，从句不用虚拟语气。(2)在as though/if引导的方式状语从句中，当主从句的主语相同时，可以把从句的主语和谓语部分(此时从句主语多是代词。谓语多是be动词或含有be动词)省略，后面直接跟名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。She stood at the door as though/if (she_had_been)waiting (wait) for someone.她站在门边好像是在等人。She hurriedly leaves the room as though/if (she_were)angry (angrily)她匆忙地离开了房间，好像生气了。He opened his mouth as though/if (he_were)to_speak (speak)他张开嘴巴好像要说话似的。【阅读理解】When I recently revealed to my friends, colleagues, and family members that I would be moving my family to Israel, the reactions were numerous and varied. Some people said it was an expected thing while others asked: Why now? What will you do?For me, making the move to Israel is the fulfillment of a dream that has lasted for my 47 years of life. I have always known that Israel is my home. Over the years Israel has been in my heart, but I have found a number of reasons to put off making it my permanent residence: kids, the economy, education.you name an excuse, and at some point I have probably used it.Truthfully, I believe that I was always just a little bit scared. And of course I still am, with the fear factor that is reported by the press surrounding the Israeli military and economy. However, it has come to the point when I have realized that for over 2 000 years we yearned for this land, and for 47 years I have denied the opportunity to make it my home. I am finally ready to fully grasp this opportunity.Over the years, I have always loved visiting Israel. I have traveled there with my family, and enjoyed introducing thousands of travelers to the country. All of these things that I have come to love about Israel as a tourist are because I get to love my home. And as far as waiting for the perfect condition under which to make aliyah, I believe the time is now!I have been asked many times if I am nervous about moving to Israel. Before I answer, I remember that we have overcome the Greeks, the Romans, the Russian killings, Hitler and the Holocaust(大屠杀), and the armies of seven countries.How can I not feel confident that I, and my family, will overcome any difficulties that may come our way? I am not worrying, complaining, crying, or fearing as I prepare to make aliyah. I am proud and excited to say that I am fulfilling a 47-year-old dream; I am going home.1.What does the author want to say in the passage?A. His dream is to come true after 47 years.B. It is a dilemma for him to return to Israel.C. He didnt live a happy life in Israel.D. It is a latest trend to fulfill everyones dream.2.The author didnt return to Israel before because .A. his children mainly held him backB. he failed to get determinedC. he didnt save enough moneyD. he hoped to finish his education3.What does the underlined part make aliyah mean in the passage?A. To return to Israel.B. To make a decision.C. To live happily.D. To catch a chance.4.It can be inferred from the passage that .A. the author will be happy to meet his relatives in IsraelB. Israel is a familiar word but a strange place for the authorC. the Israeli suffered a lot in the historyD. Israel is still a place between war and chaos【文章大意】本文是一篇讲述个人经历的记叙文。1.A 【解析】主旨大意题。
