高考英语词汇综合练及祥解精选文档.ppt

高考英语词汇综合练及祥解本讲稿第一页，共五十页51.The workmen made so much _ that Mrs.Walker had to spend three days cleaning up afterwards.A.trouble B.damage C.mess D.nuisance答案答案 C.mess.注释注释make mess弄得乱七八糟。弄得乱七八糟。Make a mess of“把把.弄得乱七八糟弄得乱七八糟”：He made a mess of his work.(他把他的工作搞他把他的工作搞得乱七八糟。得乱七八糟。)本讲稿第二页，共五十页52.They have held several meetings to _ next years production plans.A.set down B.make out C.work up D.draw up答案答案 D.draw up.本题译文本题译文,他们已开过几次会议来起他们已开过几次会议来起草明年得生产计划。草明年得生产计划。53.How can we get this language point _ to the students.A.down B.round C.across D.into答案答案 C.across.本题译文本题译文,我们怎样才能把这个语言点向学生讲清楚？我们怎样才能把这个语言点向学生讲清楚？本讲稿第三页，共五十页54.This book gives a brief _ of the history of the castle and details of the art collection in the main hall.A.outline B.reference C.article D.outlook答案答案 A.outline.注释注释outline 轮廓轮廓,概要概要;give an outline of sth.概要说明某事。概要说明某事。55.Dress warmly,_ youll catch cold.A.on the contrary B.or rather C.or else D.in no way答案答案 C.or else.注释注释or else(=otherwise;if not)否则：否则：Hurry up,or(else)youll be late.本讲稿第四页，共五十页56.Kates ambition to become a nurse _ from a desire to help others.A.prompted B.promoted C.programmed D.proceeded答案答案 D.proceeded.注释注释proceed form(=arise form)来自来自;由由.产生：产生：1)Clouds of smoke proceeded form the chimney.(从烟囱里升从烟囱里升起缕缕浓烟。起缕缕浓烟。)2)This proceeded from ignorance.(这是出于无知。这是出于无知。)注意注意 proceed 的其他用法：的其他用法：(=go on to do sth.;continue)接着接着(做某事做某事);本讲稿第五页，共五十页继续进行继续进行;1)He proceeded to give me a vivid description of the mountainous scenery there.(他接着给我栩栩如生地描述他接着给我栩栩如生地描述那里的山区景色。那里的山区景色。)2)接介词接介词with;Now please proceed with your story.(现在请你现在请你接着将下去。接着将下去。)3)接介词接介词to:We will now proceed to the next business.(我们现在将我们现在将接着干下面的一件事。接着干下面的一件事。)4)准备取得准备取得(某种学某种学位位)：He will proceed to the degree of M.A.this year.(他准备今年取得文科硕士学他准备今年取得文科硕士学位。位。)本题译文：凯特想当护士的志向出自于帮本题译文：凯特想当护士的志向出自于帮助他人的愿望。助他人的愿望。本讲稿第六页，共五十页57.The island where these rare birds nest has been declared a _.A.observation B.reservation C.preservation D.conservation答案答案 D.conservation.注释注释 conservation 保存保存(自然资源等自然资源等)the conservation of soil and water 水土保持水土保持;the law of conservation of energy 能能量守恒定律。量守恒定律。observation观察观察;reservation(旅馆房间、戏院座位旅馆房间、戏院座位等的等的)预定预定;保留保留(意见意见);美美保留地：保留地：1)Have you make your reservations?(你预定了没有？你预定了没有？)2)I will accept the suggestion without reservation.(我将毫无保留地接受这项建议。我将毫无保留地接受这项建议。)3)The government has set apart Indian reservations.(政府已经划政府已经划出印地安人保留地。出印地安人保留地。)preservation保存保存 We must strive for the preservation of our natural resources.(我们必须努力保护自然我们必须努力保护自然资源资源)本讲稿第七页，共五十页 conservation,preservation,reservation从汉语概念从汉语概念出发时很容易混淆。出发时很容易混淆。Conservation是动词是动词conserve派派生的名词生的名词,与原来动词的意义相同与原来动词的意义相同,表示表示保持、保存保持、保存”时时,强调强调“珍惜、节用。珍惜、节用。Preservation是动词是动词preserve派生派生的名词的名词,强调强调“收藏、保存收藏、保存”使之完好无损或质量不变使之完好无损或质量不变;常与食品、博物馆收藏的展品等词搭配。常与食品、博物馆收藏的展品等词搭配。Reservation主要指意见、看法等的主要指意见、看法等的“保留保留”;作作“保留地保留地”解时解时,尤指美国印地安人保留地或澳大利亚土著民族保留地。尤指美国印地安人保留地或澳大利亚土著民族保留地。本题指自然生态的保持本题指自然生态的保持,用用conservation最切题。最切题。本题译文：这个珍禽巢居的岛已宣布为自然保护区。本题译文：这个珍禽巢居的岛已宣布为自然保护区。本讲稿第八页，共五十页58.Although John was the eldest in the family,he always let his sister _ charge of the house.A.take B.hold C.make D.get答案答案 A.take.注释注释take charge of(=to be or become responsible for sb.or sth.)负责、负责、掌管、看管掌管、看管;He took charge of the department(or the children).本讲稿第九页，共五十页59.The child enjoyed _ up the wooden bricks then knocking them down.A.adding B.pushing C.piling D.forming答案答案 C.piling.注释注释 pile up(=lay in a pile or as if in a pile)把把.放成一堆放成一堆,堆积：堆积：pile up the books on the table(把书堆在桌子上把书堆在桌子上)。Pile up作不及物动词用作不及物动词用,意为意为“积压积压;(若干汽车若干汽车)相撞相撞”：1)Perishable goods are piling up at the docks.(码头上易腐烂的货物堆积如山。码头上易腐烂的货物堆积如山。)2)Several cars piled up after ignoring the fog warning on the motorway.(由于无视高速公路上的大雾警告由于无视高速公路上的大雾警告,有有好几辆汽车相撞。好几辆汽车相撞。)本讲稿第十页，共五十页60.John was very upset because he was _ by the police with breaking the law.A.accused B.arrested C.sentenced D.charged答案答案 D.charged.注释注释be charged with受指控犯有受指控犯有.;He was charged with murder.(他受指控犯有凶杀罪。他受指控犯有凶杀罪。)61.It isnt quite _ that he will be present at the meeting.A.sure B.right C.exact D.certain答案答案 D.certain.注释注释I am sure that+从句。从句。He is sure to come.=He is certain to come.但在但在it作形式主语作形式主语,that引导主引导主语从句时语从句时,主句中表语只能用主句中表语只能用certain,不能用不能用sure.本讲稿第十一页，共五十页62.Many new _ will be opened up in the future for those with a university education.A.opportunities B.realities C.necessities D.probabilities答案答案 A.opportunities.注释注释opportunity常指常指“(难得的应抓住难得的应抓住的的)机会机会”,既可作可数名词既可作可数名词,也可以作不可也可以作不可数名词用数名词用,如：如：I had few opportunities of meeting interesting people there.They had not much opportunity for hearing good music in the remote area.本讲稿第十二页，共五十页63.The members of the club wouldnt run a _ in entrusting（委托）（委托）the organization to an unreliable person.A.danger B.risk C.hazard D.chance答案答案 B.risk.注释注释run a risk(in)冒险：冒险：You are running a big risk in trusting him.本题译文：俱乐部成员不愿冒险把这个组本题译文：俱乐部成员不愿冒险把这个组织委托给一个不可靠的人管理。织委托给一个不可靠的人管理。本讲稿第十三页，共五十页64.The meeting was _ when the chairman fell ill.A.put down B.shut out C.cut short D.taken off答案答案 C.cut short.注释注释cut short(=interrupt)打断打断,中断：中断：1)He made a suggestion,but I cut him short.(他提了个他提了个建议建议,但我打断了他。但我打断了他。)2)He cut short his tour and returned home.(他中断旅行他中断旅行,回家了。回家了。)shut off(=cut off,interrupt)切断切断,中断中断;由指切断供应等由指切断供应等,如：如：The water was shut off for several hours while the plumber repaired 本讲稿第十四页，共五十页the pipes.Shut out(=keep out;exclude;prevent form entering)把把.关在外面关在外面,排排除除,不让入内：不让入内：1)He shut the cat out.(他把他把猫关在外面。猫关在外面。)2)The law was designed to shut out immigrants.(这项法律旨在拒绝移这项法律旨在拒绝移民入竟。民入竟。)3)They shut out the dust by having double windows.(他们用双层窗户他们用双层窗户防尘。防尘。)4)They begin to speak French,shutting out the boy from their conversation.(他们讲起法语来他们讲起法语来,使这个男孩使这个男孩无法参加他们的谈话。无法参加他们的谈话。)本讲稿第十五页，共五十页65.John says that his present job does not provide him with enough _ for his organizing ability.A.scope B.space C.capacity D.range答案答案 A.scope.注释注释本题中本题中scope(=opportunity;outlet)施展机会施展机会,发展余地发展余地,是不可数名词是不可数名词,如：如：Give someone scope to show his ability.Range意指意指“变动范围变动范围;视听范围视听范围;理理解范围解范围”,如：如：the range of prices(价格变价格变动范围动范围).本讲稿第十六页，共五十页66.I just managed to _ a quick breath before I was sucked under the water by the passing boat.A.snatch B.scratch C.scrape D.scan答案答案 A.snatch.注释注释 snatch的原义是的原义是“攫取攫取;抓住抓住;夺夺得得”。本题中。本题中snatch意指意指“匆忙间设法得到匆忙间设法得到”,如：如：He snatched an hour of sleep.(他他匆匆睡了一小时觉。匆匆睡了一小时觉。)snatch a quick breath(匆忙猛吸了一口气匆忙猛吸了一口气)。本讲稿第十七页，共五十页67.My brother likes eating very much but he isnt very _ about the food he eats.A.special B.peculiar C.particular D.unusual答案答案 C.particular.注释注释be particular about对对.讲究讲究,挑挑剔剔;She is very particular about what she wears.(她对她得穿着很讲究。她对她得穿着很讲究。)Mr.Smith was quite particular about my work.(史密史密斯先生对工作十分挑剔。斯先生对工作十分挑剔。)本讲稿第十八页，共五十页68.I dont think the charge for overhauling（大修）（大修）the equipment is excessive in _ to its size.A.correspondence B.equation C.proportion D.dimension答案答案 C.proportion.注释注释in proportion to是固定搭配是固定搭配,意为意为“与与.成比例成比例,与与.相称相称”。反义语：。反义语：out of proportion不成比例不成比例,不相称。本题称。不相称。本题称。本题译文：我认为该设备的大修费并不过本题译文：我认为该设备的大修费并不过分分,是与它的大小相称的。是与它的大小相称的。本讲稿第十九页，共五十页69.Voices were _ as the argument between the two motorists became more bad-tempered.A.swollen B.raised C.developed D.increased答案答案 B.raised.注释注释raise(=lift up)ones voice提高嗓门提高嗓门,高声叫喊。高声叫喊。Raise ones voice against sth.意为意为“为抗议某事而大为抗议某事而大声疾呼声疾呼”,如：如：As no one raised his voice against the plan,it was agreed on.(因为没有人发表反对意见因为没有人发表反对意见,该计划就一致通过了。该计划就一致通过了。)voice的常用习语有：的常用习语有：the public voice(舆论舆论),under ones voice(小声地小声地),with one voice(异口同声地异口同声地,一致地一致地),lose ones voice(嗓嗓子哑了子哑了,说不出话来说不出话来),have no voice with(对某事无发对某事无发言权言权)。本讲稿第二十页，共五十页70.Having lived in the town for quite a few years,Mr.Johnson no longer felt _ among the local people.A.out of order B.out of place C.out of control D.out of the question答案答案 B.out of place.本讲稿第二十一页，共五十页注释注释out of place(=in the wrong place or at the wrong time;not suitable;improper)(作表语用作表语用)不适宜不适宜,不得体：不得体：1)Joan was the only girl who wore a formal at the party,and she felt out of place.(=She felt embarrassed because her dress was not suitable for the party.)2)It was out of place for Russell to laugh at the old lady.(=It was not proper;she should not have done it.)此外此外,out of place(=not in the right usual place or position)(作状语用作状语用)不在原不在原来通常的地方：来通常的地方：Helen fell and knocked one of her teeth out of place.Out of order 发生故障发生故障;失调。失调。Out of control 失去控制。失去控制。Out of the question 不可能的。不可能的。本讲稿第二十二页，共五十页71.He stopped his ears with his hands to _ the terrible noise.A.show off B.cut out C.keep from D.shut out答案答案 D.shut out.注释注释shut out排除。参看排除。参看IV.64。show off炫耀炫耀;cut out删掉删掉;keep from;1)隐瞒隐瞒;She kept the truth from me.(她向我她向我隐瞒真相。隐瞒真相。)2)不沾不沾,避开避开;He keeps from alcohol.(他滴酒不沾。他滴酒不沾。)3)使不做某事：使不做某事：She kept herself from laughing.(她没有笑她没有笑出来。出来。)本讲稿第二十三页，共五十页72.My house is the only brick one on the street.It _ and you cant miss it.A.stands up B.looks out C.sticks out D.wipes out答案答案 C.stick out.注释注释stick out(=protrude,project)伸出伸出,突出突出;显显露露,显眼：显眼：1)The doctor asked him to stick his tongue out.2)Spelling mistakes stick out in this composition.(这篇作文中拼写错误很显眼。这篇作文中拼写错误很显眼。)stick out(=endure to the end)坚持到底坚持到底;If you can stick out a bit longer,everything will be all right.(假如你能假如你能在坚持一下在坚持一下,一切都会好起来。一切都会好起来。)wipe out 擦去擦去,消灭消灭,参看参看III.193.注释注释.本讲稿第二十四页，共五十页73.After the show,the crowd _ out of the theater.A.poured B.melted C.drew D.dismissed答案答案 A.poured.注释注释pour 此处意为：涌出此处意为：涌出,涌来涌来,如：如：People poured out to the rally.(人们踊跃人们踊跃参加群众大会。参加群众大会。)本讲稿第二十五页，共五十页74.Although it is not our normal _ to give credit,this time I think we should consider the matter more closely.A.state B.intention C.occasion D.practice答案答案 D.practice.注释注释practice(=way of doing sth.That is common or habitual;sth.done regularly)做法做法,惯例惯例：It is my practice always to rise early.To give credit 让赊欠：让赊欠：No credit is given at this shop.(这家商店这家商店概不赊欠。概不赊欠。)本讲稿第二十六页，共五十页75.It gave me a strange feeling of excitement to see my name in _.A.news B.print C.publication D.press答案答案 B.print.注释注释in print是习语是习语,意指意指“印出来印出来,发表出来发表出来”,如：如：She finally saw her novel in print.(她终于看到他的她终于看到他的小说出版了。小说出版了。)in print 的另一个意思是的另一个意思是“在印行在印行,还在还在发行发行”,如：如：This book is still in print.(这本书还在发行这本书还在发行,可以买到可以买到)反义词是反义词是out of print,意指意指“不在印行不在印行,买不买不到了。到了。”如：如：The book you speak of is out of print.(你你说到的那本书已不在发行了。说到的那本书已不在发行了。)本讲稿第二十七页，共五十页76.The engineers have rejected the employers proposals to end the strike and the other workers have come out in _.A.opposition B.return C.sympathy D.readiness答案答案 C.sympathy.注释注释 in sympathy 以示同情以示同情,come out 此处意为此处意为(=declare oneself)表明态度表明态度,所以所以come out in sympathy 意为意为“表示同情表示同情”。In return 作为报答作为报答,如：如：I wanted nothing in return.(我不要什么报答。我不要什么报答。)collaboration协作协作,如：如：work in collaboration with sb.(与某人协力合作与某人协力合作)。Opposition 反对反对,如：如：rise in opposition to(起来反对起来反对)。readiness 准备准备(状态状态);待待机机,如：如：having everything in readiness for departure(做好一切准备做好一切准备,以便出发以便出发)。本讲稿第二十八页，共五十页77.Her work is often very hard and she gets very tired.The work is _.A.wonderful B.splendid C.tedious D.magnificent答案答案 C.tedious.注释注释 tedious(=tiresome;wearying;uninteresting)沉闷的沉闷的,厌烦的厌烦的,乏味的乏味的”。Splendid 壮丽的壮丽的,辉煌的辉煌的,极好的。极好的。magnificent 壮丽的壮丽的,宏伟的：宏伟的：It was a magnificent ceremony.(这是一次盛大隆重这是一次盛大隆重的仪式的仪式)。本讲稿第二十九页，共五十页78.With prices _ so much,its hard for the company to plan a budget.A.fluctuating B.waving C.swinging D.vibrating答案答案 A.fluctuating 注释注释本句前一部分是本句前一部分是with+名词名词+现在现在分词短语分词短语的独立结构的独立结构,做状语。做状语。Fluctuate(=move up and down)(指物价指物价,标准等的标准等的)波动。如：波动。如：Prices fluctuate from year to year.(物价年年波动物价年年波动)wave飘扬飘扬,挥舞挥舞;招手招手;(庄稼的庄稼的)波动。波动。Swing摆动摆动,摇摆摇摆;vibrate振振动。可见动。可见,根据题意根据题意,只能选只能选A.fluctuating.本讲稿第三十页，共五十页79.Some teenagers have a generalized resentment against society,which _ them the rights and privileges of adults,although physically they are mature.A.deprives B.restricts C.rejects D.denies答案答案 D.denies.注释注释deny(=refuse to give or allow)拒绝给予拒绝给予:He denied his children nothing.(孩子们要什么他就给什么。孩子们要什么他就给什么。)deprive(=take away from).剥夺。剥夺。deprive sb.of sth.剥夺某人某物：剥夺某人某物：They deprived women of the right to vote.(他们剥夺了妇女的他们剥夺了妇女的投票权。投票权。)restrict(=keep within limits)The doctor restricted him to 5 cigarettes a day.(医生限制他一天抽医生限制他一天抽5支烟。支烟。)reject(refuse to accept)拒绝接受拒绝接受,如：如：She rejected my suggestion.本题译文：一些十几岁的孩子们往往对社会有普遍的逆反心理本题译文：一些十几岁的孩子们往往对社会有普遍的逆反心理,虽虽然他们发育成熟然他们发育成熟,但社会拒绝给予他们同成年人一样的权利和优但社会拒绝给予他们同成年人一样的权利和优惠。惠。本讲稿第三十一页，共五十页80.Though _ in San Francisco,Dave Mitchell had always preferred to record the plain facts of small-town life.A.raised B.grown C.developed D.cultivated答案答案 A.raised 注释注释本句中本句中Though raised in San Franciscos是省是省略的让步状语从句。略的让步状语从句。Raise(=bring up)抚养：抚养：grow种种植植;cultivate耕作耕作;培养培养(友谊等友谊等)。如。如cultivate后接某人后接某人,则意为则意为“培养与某人的感情培养与某人的感情”。如：。如：John always tries to cultivate the people,who are useful to him professionally.(约翰一向喜欢与事业上对他有用的人来约翰一向喜欢与事业上对他有用的人来往。往。)本题译文：尽管在旧金山长大本题译文：尽管在旧金山长大,但戴夫米切尔总是愿意把小但戴夫米切尔总是愿意把小镇生活中平凡的事情记载下来。镇生活中平凡的事情记载下来。本讲稿第三十二页，共五十页81.Im afraid this painting is not by Picasso.Its only a copy and so its _.A.priceless B.invaluable C.unworthy D.worthless答案答案 D.worthless.注释注释 worthless 无价值的无价值的,无用的。无用的。Priceless 无价的无价的,贵重的贵重的,无法估价的：无法估价的：a priceless treasure 无价之宝。无价之宝。Invaluable 无法无法估价的估价的,非常宝贵的。非常宝贵的。Unworthy 不值得的不值得的,不配的不配的;无价值的。无价值的。82.The final _ of the play will take place on Monday.A.action B.performance C.view D.sight答案答案 B.performance.注释注释performance(话剧的话剧的)一场演出。一场演出。本讲稿第三十三页，共五十页83.It was a long time before the cut on my hand _ completely.A.healed B.cured C.improved D.recovered答案答案 A.healed.注释注释 heal 1)使痊愈使痊愈,治愈：治愈：The salve will help to heal the wound.(这种药膏能治愈你的伤。这种药膏能治愈你的伤。)2)痊愈痊愈(多指外伤多指外伤)：The cut on my leg has healed.(我腿上的伤口以痊愈。我腿上的伤口以痊愈。)可见可见,本题是本题是heal的第二种用法。的第二种用法。cure治疗治疗,治好治好;The drug cured my fever.(这种药使我退烧了。这种药使我退烧了。)This medicine should cure you of your cold.(这种药定会治好你的感冒。这种药定会治好你的感冒。)recover也可以表示也可以表示“痊愈痊愈”,意为意为“恢复正常恢复正常”。例如：。例如：1)I think she will recover.(我我认为她会痊愈的。认为她会痊愈的。)2)He almost fell ill,but quickly recovered.(他差点病到他差点病到,但很快就痊愈了。但很快就痊愈了。)也可以用也可以用recovered做表语表示做表语表示“痊愈痊愈,恢复正常：恢复正常：Are you completely recovered from your illness?(你的病是不是完全好了？你的病是不是完全好了？)注意注意 recover vi.用作用作“痊愈痊愈”时时,句子主语通常是人。句子主语通常是人。Improve 改善改善,此词无此词无“治疗治疗”或或“痊愈痊愈”之意。之意。本题译文：过了很长时间我手上的伤口才痊愈。本题译文：过了很长时间我手上的伤口才痊愈。本讲稿第三十四页，共五十页84.To get my travelers checks I had to have the bank _ a special check for the total amount.A.make up B.make out C.make for D.make up for答案答案 B.make out.注释注释 make out 辨别辨别,85.She said she was glad the difficulty had been _.A.cleared away B.cleared up C.broken away D.broken down答案答案 B.cleared up.注释注释 clear up 解释解释,澄清澄清;解决：解决：1)I had some doubts,but now they are cleared up.(以前我有许多疑点以前我有许多疑点,但现在都解决了。但现在都解决了。)2)The book has cleared up many difficulties for me.(这本书解决这本书解决了我不少困难。了我不少困难。)clear away 清除。详见清除。详见III.32.break away 和和 break down 本讲稿第三十五页，共五十页86.I used to be able to play well but Im _ now.A.out of date B.out of touch C.out of practice D.out of place答案答案 C.out of practice.注释注释 out of practice荒废荒废,久不练习久不练习;out of date 过时过时,老式老式;out of touch失去联失去联系系;out of place详见详见 III,70注释。注释。本讲稿第三十六页，共五十页87.As soon as the children wer