高三英语专题突破之阅读理解01.docx

一Thirteen can be a challenging age. Not only did I have to adapt to my changing body, I also had to deal with my parents bitter divorce, a new family and the upsetting move from my country home to a crowded town. When we moved, my beloved companion, a small brown pony had to be sold. I was heartbroken and terribly lonely. I couldnt eat or sleep and cried all the time. Finally, realizing how much I missed my pony, my father bought me another horse, Cowboy. Cowboy was without doubt the ugliest horse in the world. But I didnt care. I loved him beyond all reasons. I joined a riding club. When Cowboy and I entered the events where the horse was judged by appearance, we were quickly "shown the gate". I knew nothing could turn Cowboy into a beauty. My only chance to compete would be in the timed speed events. I chose the jumping race. For the whole next month we practiced running and jumping for hours in the hot sun and then I would walk Cowboy home, totally exhausted. All of our hard work didnt make me feel confident by the time the show came. One girl named Becky rode a big brown horse in the race events. She always won the blue ribbons. I sat at the gate and sweated all out while I watched Becky and her horse charge through the court and finish in first place. My turn finally came. At the signal, we dashed toward the first fence, jumped over it without trouble and raced on to the next one. Cowboy then flew over the second, third and fourth fences like a bird and I turned him toward the finish line. No cheers filled the air. The end of our run was met with surprised silence. Cowboy and I had beaten Becky and her fancy horse by two seconds! I gained much more than a blue ribbon that day. At thirteen, I realized that no matter what the odds, Id always come out a winner if I wanted something badly enough to work for it. I can be the owner of my destiny. 1Why did the author like Cowboy so much in spite of its ugliness?A.Because she loved horses more than anything else.B.Because Cowboy was a strong and smart young horse.C.Because Cowboy had a lot in common with her pony.D.Because she was sad and lonely and needed a companion.2The audience fell into silence at the end of the run probably because .A.they didnt expect Cowboy would win the eventB.they were unhappy that Becky was beaten in the eventC.they didnt like Cowboy, for it was too uglyD.they never saw a horse running as fast as Cowboy3After the competition, the author came to realize that .A.she ought to gather the courage to solve all the problemsB.it was time to forget her pony and treat Cowboy betterC.she needed to work harder to win more blue ribbonsD.she could be the god of her own fate if she tried hardenough4It can be inferred from the story that .A.all of their hard training was totally in vainB.a blue ribbon must be the second highest prizeC.Cowboy lost in the event of being judged by appearanceD.both Becky and the author won in the jumping event二Art robbery and art forgery (仿造) are both major themes in crime movies and literature. In the 2012 comedy movie Gambit, British actor Colin Firth plays an art curator who cheats his abusive boss into buying a fake Monet. In reality, art crimes are no less interesting and exciting. According to The New York Times, over the past 15 years, Glafira Rosales fooled two local commercial art galleries into buying 63 false works of art for more than $30 million. She passed off fake paintings as works by 20th century modernist masters such as American artists Mark Rothko and Jackson Pollock. But in fact, these so-called "newly discovered works" were all produced by a single man, a Chinese immigrant named Pei-Shen Qian. The art world was shocked by Rosales deception. But to the public, it was amusing and almost satisfying to see wealthy people get tricked. So what decides the value of a piece of art? Is it beauty? Is it the artists talent and craftsmanship? Or is it just because the artist is famous? We should take beauty out. If the buyers were buying paintings only for their beauty, theyll be content displaying good fakes on their walls. They wouldnt be so upset when a forgery is exposed. The art market claims that great artists are inimitable, and that this inimitability justifies the absurd price of their works. We cant deny that most famous artists are good at what they do, but forgers like Qian show that their works are imitable. Otherwise, the difference between the original and the copycats would be obvious and Rosales would not be able to fool anyone. According to an article in The Economist, expensive paintings are what economists call positional goods. They are valuable because other people cant have them. With other goods, a higher price reduces demand. But art turns down the laws of economics. "When the goods that is really being purchased is evidence that the buyer has paid a lot, price increases cause demand to boom," explained the article. Thats why scarcity and authenticity are so important in the art market. Artists sometimes forget this. Demien Hirst, the British pop artist, is famous for his spot paintings. But they dropped in value when it became clear that they had been produced in quantities so vast that nobody knew how many were out there. The art market lost faith in these paintings because no one could be sure which of them were authentic and which were fake.5The first paragraph is meant to tell the readers that .A.movies and literature will be popular with art involved in themB.art crimes are as interesting and exciting in reality as in moviesC.Gambit is a good movie with art forgery as the major themeD.real art crimes in reality can be adapted into popular films6Who is amused and satisfied to see the rich buy forged works of art?A.The public.B.Glafira Rosales.C.Pei-Shen Qian.D.Mark Rothko and Jackson Pollock.7What kind of art buyers should not be unhappy with its high prices when a forgery is exposed according to the author?A.Those who buy only for its beauty.B.Those who buy for its inimitability.C.Those who buy for its authenticity.D.Those who buy for its scarcity.8What is the law of economics theory behind art goods according to the economists?A.They are valuable goods.B.High prices reduce the demand of art goods.C.High prices increase the demand of art goods.D.They are produced in quantities to satisfy people.三Working well in a team requires full cooperation. Its an important skill for almost every employee to have. Your ability to do your job is dependent upon others getting your work done, and others depend on you to get their work done. Communicate well. Lack of communication is one of the biggest reasons of a teams failure. Seek input from team members so they feel like a valuable part of the team. Communication establishes trust among team members. In addition, communicating well can help prevent and resolve conflict. Meet regularly to keep members involved and aware of your work progress. Post decisions where everyone in the team can see them. Be flexible. In teamwork, priorities and responsibility can change instantly. Stay ready to shift focus. Training team members to be able to do parts of other team members jobs can be a valuable part of teamwork; being flexible helps to build appreciation for all the parts of the team. Meet deadlines. Work hard to ensure you meet established deadlines when you work in a team environment. Others are depending on your work. Negotiate timelines with your teammates at the start of a project. Doing so allows you to have a say in how work gets accomplished.Establish accountability. All team members must be responsible for the success and failure of the project. Although not every team needs a leader, teams require a formal way to ensure everyone does his part. Try using meetings to report on progress. Celebrate accomplishments and encourage the team. Senior executives may not always recognize the importance of some team members work. Share congratulations at team meetings and talk about whose work is invaluable in helping you get your work done.9What can you conclude from the first paragraph?A.Working in a team means your work is separate.B.Working in a team means your work is effective.C.Being a member of a team means your work is independent.D.Being a member of a team means your work is interdependent.10Which of the following deeds does not contribute to effective teamwork?A.Keeping silent in a team discussion.B.Being able to do parts of others job.C.Acknowledging others work publicly.D.Holding meetings to report on progress.11What does the underlined word "accountability" refer to in the fifth paragraph?A.Success.B.Responsibility.C.Insurance.D.Community.12What is the best title of the passage?A.How to Succeed in Communicating with OthersB.How to Work Effectively in a Team EnvironmentC.Ways to Work Well in Completing ProjectsD.Ways to Improve the Efficiency of Employees四Working with a group of baboons(狒狒) in the Namibian desert, Dr. Alecia Carter of the Department of Zoology, Cambridge University set baboons learning tasks involving a novel food and a familiar food ,hidden in a box. Some baboons were given the chance to watch another baboon who already knew how to solve the task, while others had to learn for themselves. To work out how brave or anxious the baboons were, Dr. Carter presented them either with a novel food or a threat in the form of a model of a poisonous snake.She found that personality had a major impact on learning. The braver baboons learnt, but the shy ones did not learn the task although they watched the baboon perform the task of finding the novel food just as long as the brave ones did. In effect, despite being made aware of what to do, they were still too shy to do what the experienced baboon did. The same held true for anxious baboons compared with calm ones. The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others while those who were relaxed did not, even though they spent more time watching. This mismatch between collecting social information and using it shows that personality plays a key role in social learning in animals, something that has previously been ignored in studies on how animals learn to do things. The findings are significant because they suggest that animals may perform poorly in cognitive (知的) tasks not because they arent clever enough to solve them, but because they are too shy or nervous to use the social information.The findings may impact how we understand the formation of culture in societies through social learning. If some individuals are unable to get information from others because they dont associate with the knowledgeable individuals, or they are too shy to use the information once they have it, information may not travel between all group members, preventing the formation of a culture based on social learning. 13What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.The design of Dr. Carters research.B.The results of Dr. Carters research.C.The purpose of Dr. Carters research.D.The significance of Dr. Carters research.14According to the research, which baboons are more likely to complete a new learning task?A.Those that have more experience.B.Those that can avoid potential risks.C.Those that like to work independently.D.Those that feel anxious about learning.15Which best illustrates the “mismatch” mentioned in Paragraph 4?A.Some baboons are intelligent but slow in learning.B.Some baboons are shy but active in social activities.C.Some baboons observe others but dont follow them.D.Some baboons perform new tasks but dont concentrate.16Dr. Carters findings indicate that our culture might be formed through_ .A.storing informationB.learning from each otherC.understanding different peopleD.travelling between social groupsAnswers:1-4DADC5-8BAAC9-12DADC13-16CDAC