Unit 3 知识点学案- 高二上学期英语牛津译林版必修五.docx

词汇与句型1He is always working in his lab, trying to figure out all the mysteries that make him puzzled.1）本句体现了现在进行时表示一种感情色彩的用法，现在进行时常与always, forever, constantly, continually等副词连用，可以表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等。如：He is always helping others.（表示赞扬） 2）trying to .是现在分词短语作_，其中that make him puzzled为_，mysteries是_。 2He told me he had had a breakthrough.1）breakthrough n. _They made a great breakthrough in the cancer research._警察对案件的调查取得了重大突破。_ 2）【搭配】break down vi _ vt _break in vi _ break into sth _ break sth off_ break out vi _ break through sth _ break up vi_break up with sb_ break away from sbsth_break ones heart _【典例讲解】当他回家的时候，他发现房子被人破门而入。When he came home, he found that the house _.很不幸，我们的车在路上抛锚了。We were unlucky that _.这个人很难摆脱。The person _. 3I think we should be cautious and use good judgement when making decisions about cloning.1）judgement n. _ make judgements_ pass judgement (on sth.) _ 2）judgevt.& n. _ judge that . _ judge from/by sth. _ judge sb.to be _ judging by/from _ 批注：judge from/by置于句首独立成状语时，要用judging from/by。【典例讲解】用judge的适当形式填空。(1)Can you _ which shoes are best?(2)The _ was given in favour of the accused.(3)We cant _ what he really meant by doing so till we know all the circumstances.(4)_ by what you say, I assume you dont agree with me. 4I am sure that if you conducted a survey among UK citizens, it would show that the majority of people would not support this type of scientific research.1）conduct vt._ n._ conduct an experiment_ conduct a survey _ conduct an opera _ conduct ones private affairs _ conduct sb. around =show sb. around _ conduct oneself=behave oneself_2）conduction n._ conductor n. _ conductress n. _3）conductive adj. _【典例讲解】用conduct的正确形式填空。(1) His _ disagrees with his words.(2) The guide _ us on a tour of the oldest museum in the country.(3) There was growing criticism of the governments _ of the car.(4) Silver has the best quality of _ electricity. 4）majority n._ in a/the majority _ in the minority _ 批注：majority通常与冠词连用，后接 “of复数名词/代词”，表示“的大多数”，即a /the majority ofn.(pl)/pron.此时若作主语，谓语动词用复数。a/the majority可单独使用，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式或复数形式都可。The majority of doctors believe smoking is harmful to health. 大多数医生认为吸烟有害健康。The majority is/are against the plan. 大部分人反对这个计划。5While many people are excited about these new technologies, these same technologies frighten others.1）frighten sb. into/out of doing sth. _ frighten sb. to death_，被动式为_ 2）【搭配】 be frightened + of. _ be frightened + by. _ be frightened + at. _ be frightened + to do sth. _ 3）frightened adj _ frightening adj. _ a frightened voice_ a frightening voice_ 6Nowhere is this truer than with genetically modified(GM)food.1）句中nowhere.truer.是比较级的形式，表示最高级的意义。如：No one in my class works harder than Jack._ 2）本句以否定词nowhere开头，为倒装语序。如：Nowhere could find a person to help me at that moment._ 7.many countries have hesitated to give permission for the production of GM foods.1）permission n._ ask permission (from sb.)_ give sb. permission_ without permission_ 2）permit v. _ n._ 允许某人做某事_ 允许(做)某事_ 如果时间/天气允许_ 许可，允许有（不用于被动，常用物作主语）_【典例讲解】We do not permit _ (smoke) here. People are not permitted _ (smoke) here. Well discuss both questions if time permits.= _ , well discuss both questions. 8补充短语be/get burnt out耗尽体力，累垮follow in ones footsteps 效仿某人take .into consideration 认真考虑in brief 简洁地point of view 观点food chain食物链in summary总而言之point out指出focus their efforts on 努力集中于use up 用光，耗尽on a personal note个人来说die of heart failure死于心脏衰竭meet our own needs满足我们自己的需要be blamed for因为而被责备be inserted into被嵌入be limited to局限于be cautious with对很谨慎in favour of 赞同，支持