2020-2021学年高一下学期英语期末模拟测试卷.doc

2020-2021学年高一下学期英语期末模拟测试卷本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。A Coronaviruses(冠状病毒) are a large group of viruses. They consist of a core of genetic material(遗传物质) surrounded by an envelope with protein spikes(蛋白棘突). This gives it the appearance of a crown. Crown in Latin is called “corona” and thats how these viruses get their name. In this text, well take a quick look at whats currently known about the virus.Covid-2019The 2019 Novel Coronavirus, first reported December in Wuhan, central Chinas Hubei Province, has quickly spread across the country and around the world. It initially occurred in a group of people with pneumonia(肺炎)whod been associated with a seafood and live animal market in the city of Wuhan. Intermediate hosts: TheCovid-2019may originate in bats, a team led by renowned Chinese virologist Shi Zhengli said earlier, while the intermediary host remains unknown.Incubation period(潜伏期): usually 1-14 days.Infection:Virus may spread before symptoms show.SARS-CoVThe Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) coronavirus was first identified in China in 2003 .Intermediate hosts: Bats are the original host. Civet cats serve as an important intermediary that carries virus from the winged mammal to humans.Incubation period: 2-7 days.Infection: Virus spread after symptoms show.MERS-CoVThe Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS中东呼吸综合征) coronavirus was first identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012.Intermediate hosts: MERS-CoV was travelled from dromedary camel to humans.Incubation period: 2-14 days.Infection: Virus may spread before symptoms show.1.What might be the intermediate hosts of the Covid-2019?A.Bats.B.MosquitoesC.Camel.D.Unknown yet.2.Which kind of coronaviruses spreads after symptoms appear?A.SARS-CoV.B.MERS-CoV.C.The Covid-2019.D.All Coronaviruses.3.What can we learn about coronaviruses?A.Bats are to blame for the outbreak of all the three coronaviruses.B.The Covid-2019, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV are all listed as coronaviruses.C.Mers-Cov were first identified in China.D.SARS-Cov has a longer incubation period than Mers-cov.BWe had a military training for a whole week in late August after stepping into our new senior high school. The military coaches were all strict with us. Frankly speaking, we all felt very tired, and even had pains in our legs. However, we all persisted in practising, and felt satisfied with ourselves eventually.In the morning we arrived at the playground in lines on time. Then you could hear our military coaches shout at the top of their voices “Stand at attention”, “Stand at ease”, “Tum left”, “March”, “Run”, All the students were practicing carefully. Exhausted as we were, none of us asked to have a rest, none of us complained, none of us wanted to drop out. Under the blazing sun, despite high temperature and thirst, we stood still for an hour with sweat dripping down from our faces all the time. In the moonlight, we played games heartily, bursting into laughter now and then. On the grass, divided into two groups, we competed to sing encouraging military songs in high spirits one after another. At the meeting, hearing their moving speech, we felt regretful for wasting time before. At that time we realized we should have been grateful to our parents and teachers, with tears in our eyes. And we all made up our minds to study harder. On the afternoon of the last day, our principal sang high praise for our behaviour, and encouraged us to keep this persistent spirit in future.Though this military training is a tough experience, we challenged ourselves and overcame those difficulties. We felt proud from the bottom of our hearts. There is no doubt that this military training has left a deep and durable impression on me, on all my classmates.4.How does the author like this military training?A.Tiring and disappointing.B.Enjoyable and comfortable.C.Meaningful and fruitful.D.Surprising and exciting.5.What does the writer mainly describe in Paragraph 2?A.They had some difficulties in practicing.B.They always practiced without difficulty.C.They made every effort to practice and behaved very well.D.The principal hoped to praise them in person.6.What will the writer do if he meets a new student of this school next August?A.Persuade him or her to study hard.B.Advise him or her to run regularly on the playground with some military coaches.C.Try to make the principal praise him or her.D.Encourage him or her to take military training seriously, and finish it successfully.7.What may be the best title of this passage?A.Some Strict CoachesB.A Far-reaching ExperienceC.Persistence Is ImportantD.A Difficult PeriodC Studying the DNA of 300 mice has flagged up genes(基因) which have been linked to hereditary (遗传的)sight loss for the first time. Researchers say because mices genes are so similar to humans, their findings could lead to the treatment of more genetic diseases. Scientists at the University of California, Davis studied information from a data bank of mices genetic material. They found 347 genes linked to eye problems, with just 86 of them having been studied in the past. Only around 50 to 75 percent of hereditary eye diseases in humans can be explained with present science- The researchers believe these hundreds of new genes found in mice could be a key to explaining 一 and therefore being able to treat the other 25 to 50 percent. “This is extremely valuable for people with hereditary eye disease,” said researcher Professor Ala Moshiri. “All researchers are going to start using these data. In the past, we knew the problem was there but we didnt know where to look. Now eye centers can call back patients and screen them for these new genes. We expect that more and more of these genetic diseases will be treatable." Also, the fact is that more than 60 percent of eye problems at birth are ones resulting from the babys parents! Thanks to data from the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium(IMPC) , which is trying to work out what every single gene in a mouse is responsible for, with the aim of translating it to humans, scientists are moving closer to figuring out all genetic causes of blindness. To do this, scientists separate a single gene from other ones at a time and then observe what effect it has on the mouse for a long time. This has so far been clone more than 7 ,000 times and has achieved great success. Researchers are now working alongside eye care centers in Texas and Iowa in order to compare the mices genes to those of patients.8.How many hereditary-sight-loss-related genes were new-found?A.86.B.261.C.300.D.347.9.Why is the percentage of genetic eye problems mentioned in paragraph 3?A.To show the significance of studying mices genes.B.To prove mices genes are similar to humans.C.To warn the high risk level of suffering them.D.To explain how common they are among people.10.What should scientists do first to unlock secrets of genetic blindness?A.Compare humans genes with mices.B.Recognize each genes role of humans.C.Set apart a gene of a mouse each time.D.Figure out each genes function of a mouse.11.What is a suitable title for the text?A.New Ways to Cure Sight LossB.Genes Found Behind Eye ProblemsC.Genetic Diseases Discovered in MiceD.Humans Genes Causing Eye DiseasesDNew research suggests that dogs might be able to help save diseased citrus trees.A group of scientists trained dogs to use their sense of smell to detect a crop disease called citrus-greening. The disease has affected orange, lemon and grapefruit trees in the American states of Florida, California and Texas.The dogs can detect the disease weeks to years before it appears on tree leaves and roots, the researchers report. A study on their findings was published recently in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The report says using dogs is also faster, less costly and more exact than having people collect hundreds of leaves for lab analysis.Timothy Gottwald is a researcher with the U. S. Department of Agriculture and a 7 co-writer of the study. He told The Associated Press, “This technology is thousands of years old-the dogs nose. Weve just trained dogs to hunt new prey.”Citrus-greening is caused by a bacteria(细菌) that is spread by a tiny insect that feeds on the leaves and stems of citrus trees. Once a tree is infected, there is no cure. The disease has also hurt citrus crops in Central and South America and Asia. In one experiment involving grapefruit trees in Texas, trained dogs were correct 95 percent of the time in telling the difference between newly infected trees and healthy ones. “The earlier you detect a disease, the better chance you have at stopping an epidemic (流行病) by removing infected trees,” Gottwald said.Matteo Garbelotto studies plants at the University of California, Berkeley. He says the new research shows that dogs can detect an infection well before current methods. Garbelotto has been involved in similar research but had no part in the new study.Laura Sims is a plant scientist with Louisiana Tech University. She praised the steps taken to find out if the dogs were detecting the bacteria itself or a plants reaction to an infection. To do that, the researchers infected different kinds of unrelated plants with the bacteria in a laboratory. The dogs were still able to pick out the infected plants.Gottwald said, “Youve seen dogs working in airports, detecting drugs and explosives. Maybe soon you will see them working on more farms. ”12.According to the research, trained dogs can _.A.help infected trees recover from diseasesB.recognize a crop disease in its early stageC.cause fruit trees to grow faster than usualD.reduce the cost of planting some fruit trees13.What does the underlined part “new prey” in Paragraph 4 refer to?A.Infected plants.B.Fruit trees.C.Tiny insects.D.Favourite foods.14.Why did the researchers do experiments on unrelated plants?A.To further prove the findings.B.To explore the plant diseases.C.To present different opinions.D.To discover a plants reactions.15.How does Gottwald feel about the future use of this new method?A.Doubtful.B.Positive.C.Indifferent.D.Curious.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Every animal on Earth helps contribute to the ecosystem in some way. We humans must protect animals to keep the ecosystem in balance. We depend on healthy ecosystems for food, shelters and clean water. _16_ If you want to protect them, the following ideas may inspire you.Use social media to spread awareness for animal organizations. If you follow animal organizations on social media, you can repost their content, Your followers and social media circle will see it and possibly share it themselves. _17_Find a local organization or shelter that offers volunteering._18_ But you can also search the web to find a local organization that may help walk dogs, bathe animals or clean cages. Popular organizations can be overloaded with volunteers. Smaller local rescues and shelters may have more openings for volunteers.Adopt(收养)an animal from a local shelter. If youre ready for a pet, consider adopting one from a shelter._19_ Giving an animal a loving home will not only benefit its life but improve yours. Pick an animal that will match your budget, schedule and living space. Your pet will be happier if it matches your needs and lifestyle._20_Reusable water bottles, food containers and shopping bags help reduce amount of plastic used that eventually ends up in the ocean which is home to some animals. When you do use disposable(一次性的)plastic, recycle it when you can.A. Use fewer plastic products to limit ocean pollution.B. Share ideas on how to reuse plastic to protect the ocean.C. By adopting a pet, you possibly save it from being killed.D. Some famous organizations encourage volunteers to adopt animals.E. Well-known organizations often have lots of volunteering chances.F. Taking action to protect animals is for their own good as well as ours.G. Make sure the content you share is accurate so youre spreading correct information.第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I think that sleeping is perhaps the most comfortable thing in the world. While 21 , I will do nothing but close my eyes, leaving all the trouble behind. However, I 22 get up early almost every morning.My class begins at 8:00 am, but the teacher asks us to arrive at the school before 7:15 a.m, so we will have 23 time to prepare for the classes. If you are 24 , then you will lose one point. And when you lose 10 25 , your parents visit to school will be a must. Though I think its unnecessary, I still dont want to lose any points.One morning, my alarm clock 26 to work. I 27 with a start (吃惊) and found that it was already 7:00. I had lost two points that week, that is to say, I would lose three points in a 28 . My teacher said that he expected me to be late that morning. And my friends joked that my day was coming soon. I finally 29 to do something to change this. I bought a new alarm clock. It sings songs on time every morning 30 I turn it off.The new alarm clock is perfect for a lazy cat like me. The first time I31 it, I was able to get up at 6:00 the next morning. Proud of 32 , I took a deep breath and found that the air in the early morning is surprisingly 33 . I read some English books, finding that morning is really fit for reading English. I hadnt realized before that morning is so wonderful.“Life is 34 a box of chocolates. You never know what youre going to get,” just as Forrest Dump said. Sometimes if you make a 35 , you may find that things will end up with the better.21.A.tiredB.silentC.asleepD.awake22.A.shallB.have toC.used toD.may23.A.a fewB.littleC.enoughD.no24.A.lazyB.sleepyC.noisyD.late25.A.timesB.classesC.daysD.points26.A.soundedB.liedC.failedD.disagreed27.A.woke upB.looked aroundC.fell asleepD.lay down28.A.classB.weekC.dayD.school29.A.decidedB.hopedC.offeredD.preferred30.A.unlessB.ifC.even ifD.only if31.A.hadB.usedC.watchedD.bought32.A.itselfB.themC.usD.myself33.A.coolB.warmC.comfortableD.fresh34.A.likeB.asC.fromD.with35.A.ruleB.livingC.changeD.way第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The giant panda, also _36_(know) as panda bear or simply pa