高考英语一轮复习 非谓语讲义.doc

非谓语动词 非谓语动词：顾名思义，即在英语句子中不能单独作谓语而担任其他语法功能的动词。一 如何辨别谓语？非谓语？1. 看句中有无谓语（动词/系动词）2. 看句中有无连词典例剖析（1）The girl_(dance) in the classroom now. 分析：该句中_(有/没有)谓语动词，所以该空格应使用_(谓语/非谓语动词)，时态为_。 （2）The girl_(dance) in the classroom now and she looks very confident. 分析：该句中_(有/没有)谓语动词，但是有并列连词_连接了两个动词，所以空格应使用_(谓语/非谓语动词)，并且前后两个动词时态_(一致/不一致)。（3）The girl_(dance) in the classroom now looks very confident. 分析：该句中_(有/没有)谓语动词，并且_(有/没有)连词，所以空格应使用_(谓语/非谓语动词)。 （4）The girl who_(dance) in the classroom now looks very confident. 分析：该句中_(有/没有)谓语动词，但是有从属连词_，所以空格应使用_(谓语/非谓语动词)，时态为_。小试牛刀Eg. The boy drawing there is in Class 3.We enjoyed the show given by students.He covered his head to have a better sleep.（1）The book _(write) by San Mao. （2）I like reading the novels _ (write) by San Mao. （3）He_(go) into the classroom, opened his book and wrote on the blackboard. （4）Although it is winter now, the tree in the school yard _(look) beautiful. （5）The girl that lives in the city _(make) a phone call to the farmer yesterday. （6）She got off the bus, but _(leave) her book in the bus. （7）She got off the bus, _(hold) her book. （8）We have a teacher _(call) Vita. 二 非谓语的形式v-ing v-ed to do （1）He often works hard to earn more money. （2）The meeting is to be held next week. （3）Im glad to meet you. 动词不定式to do 在句中通常表:_, _或_。（5）Hearing the news, he couldnt help laughing. 听到消息时，他忍不住笑了。（6）We see them dancing “Sea Grass” in the TV now. 我们看见他们正在电视上跳海草舞。 现在分词(doing) 通常在句中表:_或_。（7） Pointed at by others, he was told “No zuo no die why you try.”他被别人指着说：“不作死就不会死。” （8）You can drink boiled water. 你可以喝开水。 过去分词(done) 通常在句中表: _或_。小试牛刀Eg. developing country developed country They came to the class, _(sing) loudly._(see) from the mountain, the city looks beautiful._(catch) the early bus, she got up at 6:00.I saw four girls _(wear) different clothes.Two women _(interview) about the product said they liked it.The stadium _(build) by the company last year can hold 1 million people.I should do more exercise _(improve) my English._(compare) that book, you will find this book is more interesting._(compare) with that book, this book is more interesting. _(face) difficulties, you should keep calm. _(face) up with difficulties, you should keep calm. （1）The question _(discuss) at the meeting yesterday is important.（2）单句改错：Helping by a friend of mine, I repaired my computer. （3）单句改错：There are still many children dislike fruit and vegetables. （4）单句改错：To realize my dream, I will take some exercise build up my body.（5）单句改错：I like reading the novels are written by San Mao.三 非谓语的固定搭配不定式的句法功能1.做宾语 常见后接不定式做宾语的动词有：agree, ask, beg, afford, decide, determine, learn, expect, hope/wish, want, manage, begin, prepare, promise, pretend, plan, refuse, choose,fail, happen, seem, struggle, find/make/think/feel/consider it +adj. to do sth.Eg. Why did Weifen find it difficult to learn English? 2.做宾补 常见后接不定式做宾补的动词有：tell, ask, beg, get, invite, warn, want, teach, allow, permit, forbid, advise, force, expect, require, request, command, persuade, encourage, inspire, drive, remind “吾看三室两厅一感半帮助” 后接不带to 的动词不定式做宾补,但是变为被动时,to 要还原。 吾看：see, watch, look at, notice, observe三室：make, let, have两厅：hear, listen to一感：feel半帮助：help Eg. We often hear her sing. =She is often heard to sing. 3“疑问词+不定式” Eg. I havent decided yet when to leave. Excuse me, could you tell me how to get to the library? 4.常见固定搭配或句式 in order to do sth., so as to do sth.,be willing to do sth., prefer to do sth rather than do sth.,be +adj. enough to do sth. , tooto, It takes sb. st. to do sth., Its +adj. (for/of sb.) to do sth.,used to do sth., be used to do sth., be afraid to do sth., would like to do sth., set out to do sth., be eager to do sth. V-ing 的句法功能1.做宾语 常见后接V-ing做宾语的动词有：practise, consider, enjoy, avoid, finish, imagine, keep, risk, suggest, mind, advise, forbid, allow, permit, recommend, include, admit, give up doing sth., put off doing sth., be (well) worth doing sth., be busy (in) doing sth., sb. spend st./sm (in) doing sth., what/how about doing sth., be afraid of doing sth., end up doing sth., have trouble/difficulty/problems (in) doing sth., set about doing sth., feel like doing sth., stop/prevent (from) doing sth., keep sb. from doing sth., succeed in doing sth., insist on doing sth., persist in doing sth., be/get used to doing sth., be accustomed to doing sth., look forward to doing sth., pay attention to doing., devote to, be devoted to, lead to, refer to, stick to, object to, belong to , get down to, be addicted to, abandon oneself to, contribute to, make contributions to, an approach to, when it comes to, be attached to, 跟to do/V-ing 均可，但意义不同的词或短语1. forget,remember,regret +doing 动作已经发生forget,remember,regret +to do 动作未发生2. go on /stop doing 停止做(同一件事). go on /stop to do 停下来做(另一件事) 3. love/like doing , 经常性的 love/like to do, 偶然性的4. allow/advise/forbid/permit doing sth allow/advise/forbid/permit sb to do sth 5. need/require/want + doing 表被动=need/require/want to be done need/require/want + to do 表主动6. be worth doing sth =be worthy of being done/to be done 7. try doing 试着做 try to do 尽力做，想要做8. mean doing 意味着做某事 mean to do 故意或想要做某事 9. cant help doing sth 忍不住、禁不住做某事 cant help (to) do sth 不能帮助做某事10. only to do 结果是（出乎预料） only doing 结果是 (必然是) 11. prefer to do rather than do / prefer doing to doing 宁愿 而不12. would rather do than do / would do rather than do 宁愿 而不13. have nothing to do but/except do 只好做（别无选择）14. enjoy doing nothing but doing 只喜欢做15.want nothing but to do 只想做