北京市通州区2020_2021学年高一英语下学期期中质量检测试题含解析.doc

北京市通州区2020-2021学年高一英语下学期期中质量检测试题（含解析）本试卷共10页，共100分，考试时长90分钟，考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分：知识运用共两节；30分第一节 完型填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Jahiem Morgan knew he was too young to be living on his own at 15 years old, but he didnt have much of a choice. His parents died when he was 12, and he lacked a reliable home. So he slept on the streets. “It was dangerous but I did what I had to do in order to _1_,” said Morgan. Morgan was among the nearly 1.3 million young people across the US. Some of them are runaways; others_2_abusive（施虐的）homes. They are out on their own, and many end up in _3_ situations- living on the streets or in abandoned buildings. “Most people dont even_4_ these kids exist,” said Vicki Sokolik, who helps these teens in Florida. “Theres shame that goes with being a homeless youth. So they hide whats going on with them.” Sokolik was first introduced to this population in 2006, when her son told her about a classmate who was in danger of becoming_5_. Sokolik helped the girl, finding her a place to live. The experience encouraged Sokolik to do _6_. In 2007, she founded “Starting Right, Now,” an organization that helps homeless youth get permanent housing, graduate from high school and move on to their next goal. “They come in so broken; they cannot_7_ others,” Sokolik said. “The _8_ of these kids is great. And its great that they can be happy again.”Morgan, who has been with the group, will soon graduate from high school and head to college. “I am so _9_Miss Sokolik,” Morgan said. He has big ideas for his future, with the hopes of being a teacher. “These kids voice matters. Everyone should look for them and _10_ them.”1. A. surviveB. workC. startD. learn2. A. foundB. describedC. leftD. understood3. A. newB. dangerousC. strangeD. simple4. A. admitB. agreeC. rememberD. know5. A. homelessB. friendlessC. carelessD. useless6. A. lessB. nothingC. moreD. everything7. A. satisfyB. callC. noticeD. trust8. A. needB. changeC. influenceD. fun9. A. thankful forB. patient withC. proud ofD. Worried about10. A. trainB. catchC. helpD. follow【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍一些年轻人住在大街上，没有家庭也没有受教育的机会。但一个非盈利组织的出现，帮助他们解决了困境。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这很危险，但为了生存，我做了我必须做的事情，” Morgan说。A. survive生存；B. work工作；C. start开始；D. learn学习。根据“So he slept on the streets.”可知，为了生存，他不得不睡在大街上。故选A。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他人离开了受虐待的家庭。A. found发现；B. described描绘；C. left离开；D. understood理解。根据“Some of them are runaways;”和“They are out on their own, and many end up in _3_ situations- living on the streets or in abandoned buildings.”可知，有些人是因为受到家庭虐待而离开家的。故选C。【3题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们孤身一人，许多人最终陷入危险境地露宿街头或住在废弃的建筑里。A. new新的；B. dangerous危险的；C. strange奇怪的；D. simple简单的。根据“It was dangerous but I did what I had to do in order to _1_,”可知，露宿街头或住在废弃的建筑里是很危险的。故选B。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“大多数人甚至不知道这些孩子的存在，”在佛罗里达帮助这些青少年的Vicki Sokolik说。A. admit承认；B. agree同意；C. remember记得；D. know知道。根据“Theres shame that goes with being a homeless youth. So they hide whats going on with them.”可知，许多无家可归的年轻人因为觉得羞耻,所以不让人发现他们是无家可归者,所以事实上,大多数人甚至不知道这些孩子们的存在。故选D。【5题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2006年，Sokolik第一次被介绍给这个群体，当时她的儿子告诉她，他的一个同学有无家可归的危险。A. homeless无家可归的；B. friendless无依无靠的；C. careless粗心的；D. useless无用的。根据“Sokolik helped the girl, finding her a place to live.”可知，当时Sokolik的儿子班里有一个女生正面临无家可归的危险。故选A。【6题详解】考查代词或副词比较级词义辨析。句意：这段经历鼓励Sokolik做更多的事情。A. less更少的；B. nothing什么也没有；C. more更多的；D. everything一切。结合前文和“In 2007, she founded “Starting Right, Now,” an organization that helps homeless youth get permanent housing, graduate from high school and move on to their next goal.”可知，索科利克在帮助了儿子班里的无家可归的女孩后，没有停止帮助别人，还创办了一个组织，所以她的那段经历鼓励她做更多的事情。故选C。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们不能信任别人。A. satisfy满足；B. call打电话；C. notice注意；D. trust信任。根据“They come in so broken;”可知，无家可归的孩子们最初来到这个组织的时候，他们是敏感而脆弱的,不能信任任何人。故选D。【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些孩子的变化是很大的。A. need需要；B. change改变；C. influence影响；D. fun乐趣。根据前文及“And its great that they can be happy again.”可知，刚来这个组织时，孩子们敏感多疑，没法相信任何人，但经过大家的努力，孩子们都有了巨大的变化，也变得开心了起来。故选B。【9题详解】考查形容词短语词义辨析。句意：Morgan说：“我非常感谢Sokolik女士。”A. thankful for对感激；B. patient with对有耐心；C. proud of对感到骄傲；D. worried about对担心。根据前文及“Morgan, who has been with the group, will soon graduate from high school and head to college.”可知，Sokolik建立的组织帮助了很多像Morgan一样的无家可归的年轻人，所以他非常感谢Sokolik女士。故选A。【10题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人都应该寻找并帮助他们。A. train训练；B. catch抓住；C. help帮助；D. follow跟随。根据“These kids voice matters.”可知，Sokolik女士希望孩子们的声音可以被倾听，我们每个人都应该努力寻找并帮助这些无家可归的孩子。故选C。第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在所给空白处的适当位置填空Jan was so inspired by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet. She and her friends now organize events and collect money to pay for private teachers. Many people _11_(help)by the club. A 59-year-old man learnt how to apply for work online and found a great job. Now that he works and can take care of _12_(he) his daughter has time to study at university. A 61-year-old woman _13_ was living alone has started a small online company together with two friends.【答案】11. have been helped 12. himself 13. who/that【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Jan成立一个IT俱乐部，教老年人如何使用电脑和互联网。【11题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：许多人得到了俱乐部的帮助。强调到现在为止，已经有许多人得到帮助，所以用现在完成时。主语Many people与help之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填have been helped。【12题详解】考查代词。句意：现在他工作了，可以照顾自己了，他的女儿有时间上大学了。主语是he，所以这里用反身代词himself，表示“照顾自己”。故填himself。【13题详解】考查定语从句。句意：一位61岁的独居妇女和两位朋友一起开了一家小型网络公司。句中先行词为woman，指人，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在所给空白处的适当位置填空The virtual choir was the idea of award-winning composer and conductor Eric Whitacre. Born in the USA on 2 January 1970, Whitacre _14_(begin) studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988. He fell in love with Mozarts classical music when he sang for the university choir. _15_(move) by the music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.” He graduated from university in 1995, and then received a masters degree in musical composition from the Juilliard School in New York in 1997. over the next 10 years, Whitacres original compositions began to become quite popular among choirs _16_ singers.【答案】14. began 15. Moved 16. and【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作曲家兼指挥家埃里克·惠塔克及他所提出虚拟唱诗班的想法。【14题详解】考查时态。句意：惠塔克于1970年1月2日出生于美国，1988年开始在内华达大学学习音乐。根据时间状语in 1988可知，用一般过去时。故填began。【15题详解】考查形容词。句意：被音乐所感动，他说，“就像第一次看到色彩一样。”be moved by被.所感动，所以用形容词作状语。故填Moved。【16题详解】考查连词。句意：在接下来的10年里，惠塔克的原创作品开始在唱诗班和歌手中流行起来。choirs和singers之间为并列关系，所以用连词and。故填and。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在所给空白处的适当位置填空Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time. With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may _17_(establish). One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of _18_(light) firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year. Nowadays, many big cities _19_(give) up this custom in order to avoid air pollution. Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an _20_(excite) festival for children, in spite of its religious origins.【答案】17. be established 18. lighting 19. have given 20. exciting【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍习俗随着时间的推移而不断改变。【17题详解】考查语态。句意：随着现代社会的发展和新思想的传播，一些传统可能会消失，而另一些可能会被建立。代词others指代other traditions，与establish之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填be established。【18题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：举个例子，典型的中国春节习俗就是燃放鞭炮来驱邪，庆祝新年。介词of后接动名词形式。故填lighting。【19题详解】考查时态。句意：如今，为了避免空气污染，许多大城市已经放弃了这一习俗。根据时间状语Nowadays可知，这里用现在完成时，表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在，对现在造成的影响，可能持续发生下去。故填have given。【20题详解】考查形容词。句意：另一个例子是万圣节，它慢慢地成为孩子们激动人心的节日，尽管它起源于宗教。修饰festival，前用-ing形式形容词。故填exciting。第二部分： 阅读理解共两节，38分第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的ABCD四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。BIn the South Atlantic Ocean, there is an island called Tristan da Cunha, which is a six day boat ride from the nearest town Cape Town in South Africa. Theres no airport on Tristan. Every month or so, a boat will bring visitors but not many. The boat will also bring mail and supplies. You can only see about 270 people, 300 cows, 500 sheep, and a whole lot of penguins there. The British tried to build a military base there in 1816. They gave up after a year. But a soldier and his family talked a few people into staying. Those people slowly built a community. Few trees grow on the island. So they found wood that washed ashore. They used it to build homes and boats. For food, they raised cows, sheep and pigs. They fished and planted potatoes. They promised to share everything they had. Sometimes ships brought supplies to Tristan. But for many years, no one there used money. Instead, people on the island traded potatoes for supplies. It cost five potatoes to send a piece of mail. Today, nearly everyone on Tristan is a farmer. The islands main industry is fishing. It has a single factory that cans fish. Several times, bad luck has nearly destroyed the town on Tristan. In 1885, men died in a boat accident. That left 13 women and only 4 adult men on the island. Still, everyone stayed. In 1961, a bigger disaster stuck. The town was destroyed by a volcanic eruption. All 290 people on the island moved to England. But soon, nearly all of them moved back to the island and rebuilt their town. Whats so special about life on this lonely island? For islanders like Harold Green, thats an easy question to answer. Green has lived on Tristan his whole life. He left when the volcano erupted. But England was too loud and too crowded for him. He came back because the island is peaceful.21. What was used as money on Tristan in the past?A. Fish.B. Wood.C. Sheep.D. Potatoes22. What made all the Tristan islander move to England in 1961?A. A deadly boat accident.B. A terrible natural disaster.C. The attraction of modern life.D. The building of a British military base.23. How does Harold Green feel about his life on Tristan?A. BoredB. Hopeful.C. SatisfiedD. Regretful.24. What does the text mainly introduce?A. A lonely island.B. A special lifestyle.C A famous fishing town.D. A popular tourist attraction.【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了南大西洋上的一座叫Tristan da Cunha的小岛，介绍了岛上的基本情况，以及居民的生活和经历等。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Instead, people on the island traded potatoes for supplies. (相反，岛上的人们用土豆来换取物资。)”可知，过去在Tristan人们用土豆作金钱。故选D项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“In 1961, a bigger disaster stuck. The town was destroyed by a volcanic eruption. All 290 people on the island moved to England.(1961年，一场更大的灾难发生了。这座城镇被火山爆发摧毁了。岛上的290个人都搬到了英国。)”可知，一次可怕的自然灾害使Tristan岛民在1961年搬到了英国。故选B项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But England was too loud and too crowded for him. He came back because the island is peaceful.(但是英格兰对他来说太吵太拥挤了。他回来是因为这个岛很平静。)”可知，Harold Green对岛上生活是满意的。故选C项。【24题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段中“In the South Atlantic Ocean, there is an island called Tristan da Cunha(在南大西洋，有一个叫Tristan da Cunha的岛屿)”以及“Every month or so, a boat will bring visitors but not many.(每个月左右，会有一艘船带来游客，但数量并不多。)”可知，本文主要介绍了一个叫Tristan da Cunha的岛屿，以及岛上居民的生活经历，以及每个月都会有游客前来游玩，说明文章主要介绍了一个受欢迎的旅游景点。故选D项。CAt the start, one gets the impression of being in a normal museum where you walk from room to room and look at things like paintings. The Museum of Broken Relationships, however, offers its visitors a chance to see a special part of peoples lives: both women and men from all over the world have sent in their personal belongings which they connect with past and broken relationships. There is a surprisingly large number of things in the little museum that is set in the beautiful old town of Zagreb, the capital of Croatia. The things have been placed in different rooms, representing different kinds of break-ups. Some relationships lasted for a long time while others were only short ones. A woman from the Philippines sent a newspaper from NYC where she and her boyfriend had been building up their careers. The newspaper stands for the hard work of becoming successful together; within a few years though, the couple took different roads in life. As you walk through the museum you will laugh your head off one minute and find yourself reduced to tears during another. This might happen in the room of unintended break-ups, that is , relationships that fell apart because one partner died. Poems and letters, or broken glass are common symbols for the end of a pleasant, but sometimes difficult time. People also sent wedding dresses, photos and things that helped them escape a relationship for good, like a bicycle or trainers. This museum might not teach you anything about art, history or technology, but it shows a very humane side of life. Each story tell us that life will go on after a break-up. It might not be easy for a while but you will learn from your experience and grow stronger again. Having visited a lot of “normal” museums, the Museum of Broken Relationships is a good second choice and a creative way of making people think about their lives.25. What does the underlined word “they” in the first paragraph refer to?A. Visitors.B. Women and men.C. Personal belongings.D. Broken relationships26. What do we know about the “newspaper” couple?A. Their relationship was close but short.B. They took different positions on careers.C. Their story was reported by a newspaper.D. They helped each other in making careers.27. The room of unintended break-ups shows relationships that_.A. lasted for a long timeB. produced both laughter and tearsC. ended when one person passed awayD. failed because of some misunderstanding28. Whats the text mainly about?A. A special museum on relationships.B. Ways to repair broken relationships.C. How to develop healthy relationships.D. Things connected with broken relationships.【答案】25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个关于感情的特别博物馆，这里面陈列的是来自世界各地的男女他们与过去和分手关系有关的私人物品。【25题详解】词义猜测题。根据前文“both women and men from all over the world have sent in their personal belongings(来自世界各地的男女都送来了他们的私人物品)”可猜测，they指的是上文中的“男人和女人”。故选B。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“A woman from the Philippines sent a newspaper from NYC where she and her boyfriend had been building up their careers. The newspaper stands for the hard work of becoming successful together(一位来自菲律宾的女士从纽约寄来了一份报纸，她和她的男友正在纽约发展事业。报纸代表着共同成功的努力)”可知，那对“报纸”夫妇他们在事业上互相帮助。故选D。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“This might happen in the room of unintended break-ups, that is , relationships that fell apart because one partner died.(这可能发生在无意识分手的房间里，也就是说，一段关系因为一方死亡而破裂)”可知，这间“意外分手屋”展示的是一段因某人去世而结束的恋情。故选C。【28题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Having visited a lot of “normal” museums, the Museum of Broken Relationships is a good second choice and a creative way of making people think about their lives.(在参观了很多“正常”的博物馆之后，分手博物