【高考英语专题】高考作文常用词组分类汇总.docx

高考作文写作场景常用词组1. 人与自我(1) 学校生活 a.学校类型(n.)nursery school 托儿所 kindergarten 幼儿园 primary/elementary school小学 secondary/middle school 中学 junior high school 初中senior high school 高中 the affiliated middle school 附中 technical/vocational school 技校 college大学,学院 university大学 institute研究院 graduate school研究生院 private school 私立学校 public school公立学校 b学校设施(n.)campus/schoolyard 校园 teaching building教学楼 lab-laboratory实验室 computer room/lab 机房 library 图书馆 lecture hall 报告厅 auditorium大礼堂 studio theatre 小剧场 dormitory/dorm宿舍 art room美术教室 music room音乐教室 school clinic医务室 gymnasium=gym体育馆 stadium(露天的)体育场 playground 操场 basketball court 篮球场 football pitch足球场 swimming pool 游泳池 student hub/center学生活动中心 school history museum 校史馆 laboratory apparatus实验室器材 tool/equipmentu/gearu工具 bulletin board/notice board公告栏 locker储物柜 water dispenser 饮水机 broom 扫帚 trashcan/rubbish bin垃圾桶 dust cloth 抹布 c.学校活动(n.)opening ceremony开学典礼 graduation ceremony 毕业典礼 debate club辩论俱乐部 spring outing春游/踏青 orchestra管弦乐团 choir/chorus 合唱团 summer camp夏令营 competition 比赛 cheer leading啦啦队 band乐队final examination期末考试 mid-term examination 期中考试 social practice社会实践 field trip野外考察 knowledge contest quiz show 知识竞赛 sports meet/meeting 运动会 adulthood ceremony 成人仪式 award ceremony 颁奖典礼 independent admission examination/independent recruitment 自主招生考试d学校行为(v) analyze questions/problems分析问题 check ones homework 检查某人的家庭作业deliver a speech about/on sth. 演讲 do drills/train for sth. 训练 do exercise/do sports 做运动 do exercises 做练习 do/conduct an experiment 做实验 do/conduct/undertake a survey on. 调研. draw a blackboard newspaper 画板报 fill in/out a questionnaire 填写调查问卷 get high/full marks得高分/满分 give a presentation on sth. 展示 go to/attend a lecture 听讲座 hand in ones homework交某人的家庭作业 interview sb.for sth.就某事采访某人 pass/get through the exam 通过考试 prepare for the exam 准备考试 preview the new chapter预习新的章节 follow ones suggestion/advice听某人的建议 master/have a good command of. 掌握. receive ones guidance 接受某人的指导receive/have/get ones instruction接受某人的指导 review/go over 复习revise/polish ones composition 修改某人的作文 run for president竞聘主席summarize; do a summary 总结try out for/attend an audition for. 试镜. win a scholarship 赢得奖学金take a quiz/test; take an examination 参加考试 understand; comprehend;figure out 理解、明白 cooperate with/team up with/collaborate with 合作 make a poster/brochure/leaflet 做海报/宣传册/传单make great progress in sth.(progressu)在某事上取得很大进步 take in/digest/absorb new knowledge 理解，吸收知识 rehearse; have/hold/stage a rehearsal 彩排,排练 live up to ones expectations不辜负某人的期望(2)家庭、社区生活A.家人、朋友和周围的人(n.)grandparents(外)祖父母 grandpa爷爷、姥爷 grandma/granny奶奶,姥姥 grandchild(外)孙子(女) uncle 叔叔 aunt阿姨 nephew 侄子,外甥 niece侄女,外甥女 couple夫妇 host主人，节目主持人 hostess女主人 relative亲戚 neighbor邻居 companion 同伴 colleague同事 acquaintance熟人 close friend/pal知心朋友B.做家务(phrasal verbs)clean the house打扫房子 do the chores做家务cut the grass 割草坪do/wash the dishes洗碗do the laundry/wash clothes洗衣服 hang up the laundry挂衣服 iron the clothes熨衣服 fold the clothes叠衣服 sweep the floor扫地 mop the floor拖地 Vacuum the floor吸尘器吸地 take out the rubbish倒垃圾 dust the house 掸灰尘 clean the windows擦玻璃 paint the house粉刷房子 wash the car洗车 water the plants给植物浇水 walk the dog遛狗(3)饮食A.整体描述(adj.)agreeable可口的 appetizing引起食欲的 mouth-watering馋人的 nutritious有营养的 B.味道(adj.)sweet 甜sour 酸pungent 苦 spicy辣 salty 咸 tasteless无味的 tasty美味的 delicious美味的 C.口感(adj.)tender嫩的 juicy多汁的creamy奶油的crunchy 松脆的 crisp 脆的smooth细腻的 D.餐具(n.)cooker炊具bowl 碗 spoon勺子dish 盘子 chopsticks筷子container容器 teapot茶壶 kettle 电热水壶 rolling pin 擀面杖knife 刀(4)看病A.疾病、药品等(n.)illness/disease/sickness疾病 symptom症状 medicine药物 pill 药丸 capsule胶囊 herb 草药 eye drops 眼药水 crutches 拐杖 thermometer 温度计 wheelchair 轮椅 clinic 诊所 ward病房 B.病症(v.)bleed 流血 get overweight变得肥胖trip over sth.被某物绊倒 fall on the ground摔倒在地n break ones leg摔断腿 have an allergy 过敏 catch a cold 感冒 run a temperature发烧 have a runny nose 流鼻涕 have a splitting headache头痛欲裂 Have insomnia失眠 have trouble with diarrhea 腹泻 throw up/vomit 呕吐 have chest pain胸闷 have a stomachache胃痛 have a sour throat 喉咙痛 be infected with被传染 feel dizzy头晕 cough咳嗽 have a bad/nasty/hacking cough剧烈咳嗽 sneeze打喷嚏 have a pain in(某处)疼痛 C.疼痛的类型/程度(adj.)acute 剧烈的/急性的 agonizing使人极度痛苦的 chronic 慢性的 serious/severe严重的 sharp突然的 throbbing一阵阵的;抽痛的 stabbing刺痛的 piercing尖锐的 D.治疗(u.)examine sb检查某人 enquire sb.询问某人 Diagnose sth.诊断/判断(疾病)某物 make ones diagnosis 诊断 prescribe some pills/tablets开药 take ones pulse给某人号脉 take ones temperature量某人的体温 take ones blood pressure量某人的血压 give an injection/shot 打针 perform an operation on sb.给某人做手术 take/have a blood test 做血检 take medicine 吃药 have an operation做手术 heal(伤口)痊愈 recover from an illness病愈 relieve the pain缓解疼痛 be under medical treatment 接受治疗(5)手工制作 A.名词workbox工具箱 tool/equipment gear工具needle针thread 线 scissors剪刀 glue胶水tape胶带ladder梯子screw螺丝nail钉子 rope绳子 garden trowel 花铲 Watering can喷壶、洒水壶 B动词及动词短语dig-dug-dug挖 cut-cut-cut剪 Stick stuck stuck粘 apply applied applied涂，敷 put up a tent搭帐篷 fold paper折纸 assemble a flower shelf搭花架 make paper cuts 做剪纸 make dough figurines捏面人(6)优秀品行Devoted and dedicated敬业的乐于奉献的 earnest and sincere 诚心诚意 extremely modest 虚怀若谷 frank and open坦率 Good as ones word言行一致 feel for others将心比心 honest and kind/upright厚道/正派/廉正 broad-minded 心胸开阔 of noble character and high prestige德高望重 modest and courteous 谦恭 have both ability and integrity德才兼备 have traditional virtues 有传统美德 a noble man of moral integrity道德情操高尚的人 tolerant and generous 宽厚2.人与社会(1)人际关系A.性格特点(adj.)able有才干的,能干的 active主动的活跃的 adaptable适应性强的 aggressive有进取心的，好斗的 ambitious有雄心壮志的 amiable和蔼可亲的 amicable友好的 candid 正直的 capable有能力的有才能的 careful办事仔细的 competent能胜任的 cooperative有合作精神的 creative有创造力的 dedicated有奉献精神的 dependable 可靠的 dutiful尽职的 energetic精力充沛的 faithful守信的,忠诚的(2)学与技术 A.名词new frontier新领域 technological innovation科技创新 artificial intelligence人工智能 cloning克隆 Manned spaceship/spacecraft载人飞船 weather satellite气象卫星 space shuttle航天飞机 space station空间站 telescope望远镜 orbit 轨道 Virtual reality虚拟现实 VR goggles虚拟现实眼镜screen屏幕 high-speed rail 高铁 We-Chat微信 shared bikes共享单车 mouse 鼠标 software软件 printer 打印机 B.动词download下载 click点击 TG logon登录 insert插入 delete 删除 like点赞 explore the space探索太空 have access to space travel 能到太空旅游 launch/send up a satellite发射卫星 surf the Internet/Net网上冲浪 browse the website浏览网页 scan the OR code扫二维码 shoot a video拍摄视频 edit video clips 剪辑视频片段 send short messages 发短信 post.on the We-Chat Moments发朋友圈 forward a message 转发信息 open/post a new topic/thread发帖子 view/read a topic/thread 看/查帖子 reply atopic回帖子(3)文学 A.名词literature 文学 literary works文学作品 masterpiece杰作 adaptation改编作品 novel/fiction小说 essay散文,随笔 drama 戏剧 myth神话 chapter章节 legend 传说，传奇故事 version版本 biography传记journal 日记，期刊 fairy tale童话故事 detective story/novel 侦探故事/小说 science fiction科幻小说 poem诗歌 poet 诗人 book review 书评 肉送 main character/protagonist主人公 The Story of the Stone 石头记 Journey to the West 西游记 Dream of the Red Chamber/Mansion红楼梦 Romance of Three Kingdoms三国演义Water Margin(Outlaws of the Marsh)水浒传 B形容词Deep profound 深刻的化 symbolic 象征的 lively生动的 well-organized有条理的 soul-stirring荡气回肠的 inspiring鼓舞人心的 fascinating引人人胜的life-like 栩栩如生的 moving and heroic可歌可泣的 full of wit and humor妙趣横生 rich in poetic and artistic conception 诗情画意 rich in cultural connotation 富含文化寓意 rich in content and style of writing 文情并茂 C.动词describe/depict描述,描绘 portray塑造(人物) sketch 勾勒出 express表达(4) 音乐A.形容词sweet美妙的 merry欢快的 catchy引人人胜的elegant优美的 graceful优雅的 light/lilting轻快的 melodious旋律优美的 touching感人的 uplifting令人振奋的 B.名词musical instrument乐器 low/high pitch低音调/高音调 a high-pitched/low-pitched voice高嗓音/低嗓音 fast/slow rhythm快/慢节奏 tune/melody曲调lyrics 歌词 notes音符 chord和旋,和音 violin小提琴 chorus合唱团 band 乐队(5) 建筑 A.名词architectural miracles 建筑奇迹 construction建筑 architecture建筑U sculpture雕塑 skyscraper摩天大楼 statue雕像 magnificence/grandeur/majesty雄伟壮观 architect建筑师 wisdom and ingenuity智慧和巧思exquisite design and layout精致的设计和布局harmony between human and nature人与自然的和谐 B.形容词artistic有美感的 eye-catching吸引人的 magnificent/grand/majestic雄伟的 solemn/serene 庄严肃穆的 splendid辉煌的 wise/ingenious充满智慧的 C.动词短语be perfectly integrated被完美融合be decorated/adorned/embellished with由.装饰 be rich in cultural connotations富有文化寓意 enjoy worldwide reputation for享誉世界make full use of natural conditions充分利用自然条件 red walls and golden glazed tiles红墙和金色琉璃瓦(6) 体育运动 A.相关人员(n.)athlete 运动员 competitor竞争者选手 opponent 对手 professional 专业运动员 referee 裁判 judge 裁判 coach教练trainer训练员cyclist骑自行车的人 captain队长 cheerleader啦啦队队长 champion/gold medalist冠军 running-up/silver medalist 亚军 world-record holder世界纪录保持者 Seeded player种子选手 B.运动项目及结果(n.)field events田赛 track events 径赛 marathon马拉松 relay 接力 Opening parade开幕式 event 赛事、比赛项目 tournament 锦标赛 a close game势均力敌的比赛 victory 胜利 defeat失败 honor荣誉 glory光荣、荣誉 fierce/stiff/cut-throat competition 激烈的竞争 C.比赛过程(v.)deserve应得、应受 defeat/beat击败 kick/shoot the ball射门 dribble a ball运球 pass a ball 传球 catch/block a ball接/拦截球 shoot a goal 投篮 throw a ball扔/投球 row a boat 划船 tap their potential 发挥潜能 set a new world record刷新世界纪录 put up a good fight顽强抵抗 the score be tied 比分打平 be in close coordination 密切配合 play up to ones best level 表现出最佳水平 remain calm 沉着不乱 display unusual courage展现出非凡的勇气 be unwilling to bow to ones defeat 不愿认输 the whistle blows(blow-blew-blown)哨声响起(7)节日A.节日名称(n.)New Years Day元旦 the Spring Festival春节 The Lantern Festival元宵节 Arbor Day植树节(3月12日) Tomb-sweeping Day清明节 Labor Day劳动节 Childrens Day儿童节 the Dragon Boat Festival端午节 The Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节 the Double Ninth Festival 重阳节 Teachers Day 教师节 National Day国庆节 B节日活动(phrasalverbs)fall on降临在 originate from/date back from追溯至 have a thorough cleaning大扫除 paste door panels with couplets贴春联 post pictures of door god贴门神 raise lanterns挂灯笼 Watch the Spring Festival Gala看春晚 to stay up to see the New Year熬夜守岁 make dumplings包饺子 light/set off fireworks放烟火 watch lion dancing看舞狮 visit lantern festival 逛灯会 visit temple fairs逛庙会 guess lantern riddles猜灯谜 worship ancestors/the deceased祭祖 sweep the tomb扫墓 fly a kite放风筝 enjoy dragon boat racing赛龙舟 admire the full moon赏月 ascend a height登高 climb mountains爬山 have a feast/banquet享受盛宴3.人与自然(1)环境污染 A.名词(短语)environmental issue 环境问题global warming全球变暖 limited natural resources有限的自然资源 natural habitat栖息地 nature reserve 自然保护区 rare breed稀有物种 endangered species濒危物种 victim牺牲者、受害者 carbon dioxide二氧化碳 green house effect温室效应 smog/haze雾霾 white pollution白色污染 waste/litter/rubbish/garbage/trash垃圾 B动词短语damage the natural habitat破坏自然栖息地 claim/take/wipe outlives夺去生命 pose adirect threat to.对.形成直接威胁 turn on sb/attack sb.攻击某人 put sb./sth.at risk使.处于危险中 be trapped in.陷入.困境 pin the blame on.把责任推到.上 be harmful to.对.有害 expect severe consequences迎来严重的后果disturb the wildlifes natural habitat扰乱野生动物的自然栖息地 C. 介词短语beyond ones control 超出.的控制 on the increase/rise 正在增加 on a grand scale大规模 in danger of extinction 濒临灭绝 under severe threat在严峻的威胁之下 to some degree 在某种程度上 (2) A.名词(短语)environmental protection环境保护 alternative energy替代能源 solar energy/power 太阳能 the recycling center回收站interdependent relationship相互依存的关系 garbage classification 垃圾分类 B动词短语live a low-carbon life过低碳生活 take public transport 乘坐公共交通 speak out 大声疾呼 answer for.对.有责任 take actions/measures/steps采取行动 play ones part/role发挥自己的作用 have a responsibility to do有责任做. advocate doing 提倡做. have a knock-on effect/chain effect有连锁效应use shared bikes使用共享单车live in harmony with 与.和谐相处 be crucial to sth对.至关重要 there is no substitute for.没有.的替代物 call for an end to sth 要求结束.? raise the awareness of唤醒.的意识 stop.from doing阻止.发生 make environmental-friendly choices做出环保的选择 reduce/reuse/recycle减少使用/重复利用/回收再利用 make proper use of water resources 合理利用水资源 convert/transform used items into artworks 变废为宝