Unit 3 Extended reading & Project 词汇精讲二高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第二册.docx

新译林（2020）高中英语选择性必修第二册第三单元词汇精讲（二） 第二讲 U3 Extended reading & Project词汇精讲1. ripe adj. 成熟的，时机成熟的拓展：ripen vt. 使成熟 a ripe old age 高龄2. equip vt. 配备，使具有能力；（过去式：equipped；过去分词：equipped ；现在分词：equipping） 用法1：equip sth. with使具备，给配备例如：Owners of restaurants would have to equip them to admit disabled people.餐厅老板将在餐厅里配备能够接纳残疾人的设施。用法2：equip sb. with使做好准备，使有能力，使有资格例如：Relative poverty did not prevent Martin from equipping himself with an excellent education. 较为贫困的状况并没有阻止马丁让自己接受一流的教育。拓展：equipment n. 设备（不可数名词）3. artificial adj. 人工的，人造的，虚假的拓展：artificial intelligence 人工智能 artificially 人为地，做作地4. grateful adj. 感激的，表示感谢的用法：be grateful to 感激例如：She was grateful to him for being so good to her. 他对她这么好，令她很感激。同义词：thankful/appreciative adj. 感激的5. disturb vt. 使不安，打扰，搅乱例如：I hope I am not disturbing you. 我希望我没有打扰到你。拓展：disturb the peace 扰乱治安disturbed adj. 不安的 disturbing adj. 令人不安的 disturbance n. 动乱，骚乱，扰乱6. tackle vt. 应付，处理，解决，与交谈例如：The government is determined to tackle inflation. 政府决心解决通货膨胀问题。拓展：tackle sb. about sth. 与某人交涉，向某人提起例如：I tackle him about the money he owed me. 我就他欠我钱的事与他进行了交涉。同义短语：deal with/ do with / cope with7. adjust vt. & vi. 调整，适应，整理用法：adjust to . 适应，习惯例如：You will quickly adjust yourself to student life. 你将很快适应学习生活。拓展：adjustment n. 调整，调节 adjustable adj. 可调整的，可调节的 adjustability n. 适应性，可调性8. date back to追溯到，始于，自至今（无被动）例如：There is evidence that acupuncture dates back to the Stone Age.有证据表明针灸始于石器时代。同义短语：date from （无被动）9. switch vi. & vt. 转变，交换，调班； n. 开关，转变用法：switch on 打开 switch off 关闭 switch to转换到，转变（注意力）例如：My mothers interest had switched to my health. 母亲转而关注起来我的健康来。10. stainless adj. 不生锈的拓展：stain vi. 弄脏，污染；vt. 玷污，污染，给染色；n. 污点，色斑 stained glass 彩色玻璃例如：This carpet stains easily. 这块地毯不耐脏。 They stained the floors dark brown. 他们把地板涂成了深棕色。11. clinic n. 私人诊所，门诊部拓展：clinical adj. 临床的 clinical trial 临床试验12. tongue n. 舌头，语言拓展：mother tongue 母语 hold ones tongue 保持沉默 tongue-in-cheek 半开玩笑的，不当真的例如：The offer was made almost tongue-in-cheek.这种提议差不多只是说说而已。13. anxiety n. 焦虑，担心，渴望拓展：anxious adj. 焦虑的，渴望的 be anxious about sth./for sb. 焦虑，担心 be anxious to do sth./ be anxious for sth渴望(做)某事举例：She was anxious to finish school and get a job. 她渴望毕业找到一份工作。14. alcohol n. 酒精，酒拓展：alcoholic adj. 含酒精的 alcoholic drink 酒精饮料 alcoholism n. 酒精中毒（不可数名词）15. drug n. 毒品；药物； v.将麻醉例如：She was a drug addict. 她是个吸毒成瘾的人。 Her drink must have been drugged. 她的饮料中肯定被惨了麻醉药。拓展：drugstore 药房16. symbol n.象征，符号，代号用法：symbol of sth. 的象征例如：White has always been a symbol of purity in Western cultures. 在西方文化中，白色一向象征纯洁。 symbol for sth. 的符号，例如：What is the chemical symbol for copper? 铜的化学符号是什么？拓展：symbolize v. 象征，代表symbolic adj. 象征的symbolically adv. 象征性地17. infection n. 传染，感染例如：to be exposed to infection 暴露于易受感染的环境拓展：infect v. 传染，使感染，影响 infect sb./sth. (with sth.)例如：She infected the children with her enthusiasm for music. 她对音乐的热爱感染了孩子们。