Unit 1 British and American English Introduction 同步习题- 高中英语外研版必修五.doc

Unit1 British and American English section A Introduction一、阅读下列句子,说出黑体词的含义1.We had to queue for hours to get in.含义:2.Do you see the point of my remark?含义:3.He hit the ball with just a flick of the wrist.含义:4.Can you analyze the structure of the sentence for me?含义:5.Our research work is progressing steadily.含义: 6.The linguist is going to give a lecture tomorrow.含义: 7.It is said that the first settlers of this country are prisoners.含义: 8.The equipment picked up the signal from the satellite.含义: 二、阅读理解AA persons name is very important.Some names also have special meanings in popular American expressions.An average Joe was walking down the street and was lost.An average Joe is a common person either male or female.He did not know Jack about where he was going.By this，I mean he did not know anything about where to find things in the city.So average Joe asked John QPublic，also a common person male or female，for directions to the nearest bank.“Jeez Louise，” said John QPublic.This is an expression of surprise.“Jeez Louise，dont you know that all banks are closed today？It is Saturday.”“For Petes sake，I do not believe you，” said average Joe.This is also an expression used to show a feeling like surprise or disappointment.He was being a doubting Thomas，someone who does not believe anything he is told.At that moment，Joe Blow，also an expression for a common man，was walking down the street with a woman.Now this Joe Blow was not walking next to a plain Jane，meaning a woman who is neither ugly nor pretty.She is simply plain.No，the woman with Joe Blow was a real Sheila a beautiful woman.Average Joe asked the woman.“No way，Joe，many banks are open on Saturdays，” she answered.This is a way of saying “no”Average Joe did not know either of these two people from Adam.That is，he did not know them at all.But he followed their directions to the nearest bank.When he arrived，he walked to the desk of the chief bank employee.Now this man was a true Jack of all trades.He knew how to do everything.“I am here to withdraw some money so I can pay my taxes to Uncle Sam，” said average Joe.Uncle Sam represents the United States government.The banker produced some papers and told average Joe to sign his John Hancock at the bottom.A John Hancock is a persons signed name a signature.Historically，John Hancock was one of the signers of the United States Declaration of Independence.Hancock had a beautiful signature and signed his name larger than all the others.As average Joe left the bank he began to sing.But sadly，average Joe was not a good singer.He was a Johnny One Note.He could only sing one note.1According to the passage，we can infer that probably show great interest in the content.AbankersBhistoriansClinguists Dguides2Which of the expressions mentioned in the passage have the same meaning?AAn average Joe & John QPublic.BJoe Blow & John Hancock.CA plain Jane & a real Sheila.DAn average Joe & a true Jack of all trades.3Which of the following can stand for the government of the USA?AJohn QPublic. BJoe Blow.CUncle Sam. DJohn Hancock.4The passage is developed mainly by .Araising questions and answeringBraising up a story and giving examplesCcomparing one thing with anotherDanalyzing and solving problemsBThe world is changing so fast that English，perhaps the most worldly of languages，is struggling to keep up.Learners in the future are likely to be much younger.Young children are often said to be better at languages learning than older learners but they also have special challenges.Young children dont usually have the kind of instrumental motivation and determination for learning English that older learners often have.English lessons must therefore be fun and rewarding.The reasons why people learn English are also changing.Globalization is bringing together more people than ever who speak different languages and who are turning to English as the means of communication.The English learners of the future may be less worried about sounding exactly like a native speaker and more concerned about how to use English effectively in crosscultural communication.We may be hearing more nonnative speakers in dialogues and a wider range of the “New Englishes”now used around the world.Technology will allow English to come to you，rather than you having to go to a special place to learn English.Learning English has always involved both pain and pleasure，private effort and social activity.Traditional learning provided takeit or leaveit mixes of these as well as of content but in future learners will be able to choose a plan which suits their cultural and psychological disposition (性情)，or their particular needs at that moment.They，rather than their teachers，will decide how，what and when they will learn.Above all，learning English is about communication and an important benefit of learning English is being able to exchange views and make friends with people all over the world.Despite the growing independence of learners，trusted institutions and brand names will remain important.5Compared to older learners，young English learners .Aare more active in learningBare more hardworking in learningChave more difficulties in learningDhave less lasting determination in learning6What can we learn about the future English language?ABritish English will be more popular.BAmerican English will be more popular.CMost people will speak standard English.DMany different kinds of Englishes will appear.7What can we learn from the passage?AFuture English lessons will be more interesting.BOld people wont have to learn English in the future.CPeople will pay more attention to English pronunciation.DTeachers will play a more important role in ones English learning.8What can be inferred from the passage?ALearning English means no pain in the future.BEnglish training schools will not be popular with young people in the future.CEnglish learners will become less independent in the future.DMore attention will be paid to personal needs in English learning in the future.三、阅读七选五Four smart ways to help build your childrens vocabulary “Johnny next door can name his colors, but Gloria can hardly even say her own name. What am I doing wrong？” _1_ But the good news is that children really are born to absorb the language around them. The following are some ways to help build your childs vocabulary.Never use baby talk.Young children understand so much more than they can initially repeat. _2_ Of course you are not going to start speaking to a baby in difficult English, but its important to speak to them the way that youd speak to anybody else. Even if your child cant or doesnt use the same vocabulary when he talks, it is helping his language development.Follow your childs lead. _3_ Trying to turn her attention away from the clown(小丑)so that you can point out the word for “elephant”， is not only frustrating, but also its probably not doing much good. Instead of driving the conversation, youll be more successful in making words “stick”， if you look at what your child is paying attention to.Encourage any kind of reading.Even young kids who havent yet learned to read will memorize books that theyve often heard. So go ahead and have your child “fill in” words as youre reading together. _4_ For older children who are already readers, its important to let them choose their own reading material. _5_ At two years of age, some kids may only use about 30 words while others may be able to use 300 words. But theres very little evidence that those children with 30 words at age two will have worse outcomes by the time they are five or six years of age.ASo dont talk down to them.BCorrect pronunciation gently.CDont panic if your child is slow to talk.DIt will help with their vocabulary development.EThat sort of comparison can lead to a lot of parental anxiety.FLets say youre taking a trip to the circus with your young daughter.GThe best thing that parents can do is really just talk to their children all the time.一、阅读下列句子,说出黑体词的含义1.排队(等候)2.讲话3.轻打;抖动 4.结构5.持续地6.语言学家7.移民者8.卫星二、阅读理解1.C推理判断题。本文的主旨是介绍美式英语中一些与名字有关的短语的含义，此现象属于语言现象，由此可推知，语言学家可能对此文感兴趣。2.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“An average Joe is a common person either male or female.”以及第三段中的“So average Joe asked John QPublic，also a common person male or female，for directions to the nearest bank.”可知，A项正确。3.C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Uncle Sam represents the United States government.”可知选C。4.B推理判断题。根据全文内容可判断，作者通过编排一系列情景介绍了一些相关的短语。5.D细节理解题。由第二段“Young children dont usually have the kind of instrumental motivation and determination for learning English that older learners often have.”一句可知孩子们在英语学习方面的动力和决心不如年龄大的英语学习者强。6.D细节理解题。由第三段“We may be hearing more nonnative speakers in dialogues and a wider range of theNew Englishes now used around the world.”可知未来将会出现更多种类的英语。7.A推理判断题。根据第二段的“English lessons must therefore be fun and rewarding.”可以判断未来的英语课程将会更加有趣。8.D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“.in future learners will be able to choose a plan which suits their cultural and psychological disposition(性情)，or their particular needs.”可知在未来将会更加注重个人的特殊需要，英语学习将会更加个性化。三、阅读七选五1E根据空前句“Johnny next door can name his colors, but Gloria can hardly even say her own name.What am I doing wrong？”(隔壁的Johnny能说出颜色，但Gloria几乎说不清自己的名字。我做错了什么？)可知，这里是在对比。故E项：That sort of comparison can lead to a lot of parental anxiety.(这种对比会使家长更焦虑。)与空前内容照应。2A根据空前句“Young children understand so much more than they can initially repeat.”(你的宝贝能理解的东西比他们最初能重复的要多得多。)可知A项：So dont talk down to them.与空前内容照应。3F根据空后句“Trying to turn her attention away from the clown(小丑).”可知，孩子在专心看小丑表演。故F项：Lets say youre taking a trip to the circus with your young daughter.(假定你带着女儿去看马戏团。)与空后内容相照应。4D根据空前句“So go ahead and have your child fill in words as youre reading together.”可知，让你的孩子在你阅读时一起填写单词。故D项：It will help with their vocabulary development.(这将有助于他们的词汇发展。)与空前内容照应。5C根据空格位置可以得知这是段落标题句，需要能概括本段的主要内容。这一段的中心句为最后一句：But theres very little evidence that those children with 30 words at age two will have worse outcomes by the time they are five or six years of age.(没有证据显示2岁记忆30个单词的人到五六岁时表现更差。)，故C项：Dont panic if your child is slow to talk.(如果孩子学说话慢家长不要惊慌。)概括了本段的主要内容。第13页（共13页）