雅思写作-小作文常用词汇与短语.doc

雅思小作文常用词汇与短语1. 表示“主语”01) 图表本身：table、line(bar/pie) chart(graph/diagram)02) 数据形式：figures、statistics、information、data03) It形式主语、There be句型2. 表示“上升”和“下降”01) rise (to)02) increase (to)03) go up (to)04) an upward trend (in)05) fall (to)06) decline (to)07) drop (to)08) a downward trend (in)09) with a rise/drop(etc.) of10) surge fromto：猛增11) be on the rise12) be in decline13) down(幅度) from.(高) to.(低) 14) up(幅度) from.(低) to.(高)15) rise/increase/drop(etc.) further from.to./to.16) a rise/drop(etc.) of + 百分数/数字 = a 百分数/数字 rise/drop(etc.)17) rise/drop(etc.) + 数字/百分数/倍数 = rise/drop(etc.) + a record of + 数字/百分数3. 表示“平稳”01) remain stable (at)02) stay constant (at)03) maintain the same level (at)04) remain around that figure05) reach a plateau：到达（上升后的）平稳期06) no change (in)07) be flat at：平稳在08) level out at：平稳在4. 表示“波动”、“最高值”和“最低值”01) hover around：在徘徊02) fluctuate around/at：在波动（点）03) fluctuate between.and.：在波动（范围）04) rise and drop (betweenand)：起伏（在之间）05) peak at：在达到最大值06) hit a peak(of)07) reach the highest point at：在达到最大值08) reach a bottom at：在达到最低值09) reach the lowest point at：在达到最低值5. 表示“变化程度”01) dramatic dramatically：巨大02) significant significantly：巨大03) moderate moderately：适度04) slight slightly：微小05) minimal minimally：极其微小6. 表示“变化速度”01) sudden suddenly：忽然02) rapid rapidly：快速03) steady steadily：平稳04) gradual gradually：逐渐7. 表示“说明”01) show02) illustrate03) describe04) unfold05) reveal8. 表示“大约”01) about02) nearly03) around04) approximately9. 表示“占据”01) make up02) take up03) account for04) be composed of05) constitute06) comprise07) have/be/reach/hit10. 表示“关于”01) about02) regarding03) concerning04) related to05) with regard to = as to：关于，就而论（做状语）11. 表示“时间”01) between the year 1995 and 200002) since then03) from now/then on04) over/during the period from 1995 to 200005) by the end of 200506) from the 1970s onwards/from 1994 onwards07) for ten years or so/at least08) in those/the given years/period(s)09) aged + 岁数10) aged betweenand = aged fromto11) in the following three years/ period12) over the course of the last century13) a 100-year period14) throughout the five years from 1995 to 200015) a ten-year high = a new high in the ten-year period16) a new high/low12. 表示“比较”01) 倍数 + as + 形容词 (+ 名词 + 动词) as02) more than + 倍数 + as + 形容词 + as. 03) 数字/百分数/倍数 + 比较级 + than04) 数字/百分数/倍数 more + 名词 + than.05) 数字 + more +名词 e.g. 1000 more dogs：一百多只狗06) A is + 倍数 + as likely to do sth. as B07) A is + 百分数 + up/down + on B：A比B 高/低 x%08) more than + 数字/百分数 = over = above09) less than + 数字/百分数 = under10) outgrow(比快)、outweigh(比重要)、outnumber(比多)、outpace(追过)、overtake(赶上)11) 表名次：first(place)、second(place)、third(place)、number 1、number 2、number 312) slip to + 名次：滑到13) plummet to + 名次：快速落到14) lead + 名词 (+in the race of) = be ahead of + 名词：领先于15) be at ahead16) followed by + 名词(当状语)：后面紧接的是17) following + 名词(当状语) = behind + 名词：落后于18) follow behind (+in/sb.)：落后19) rank first(etc.) (on the list)/top five20) a fourth lowest on record21) come + 名次 = come in at + 名次22) next comes + 名词：接着是23) A beat B into + 名次：A打败B，使B成为24) rise two places to + 名次：提高2个名次成为25) 100 in 1998 versus 98 in 2000：做状语26) in (marked) contrast to：与对比起来，与形成对比27) by comparison：相比之下28) in contrast：相反13. 描述扇形图01) the percentage of02) the proportion of03) the portion of04) the quantity of05) the number of06) the amount of07) the majority of08) the minority of09) the entire body of10) the bulk of11) a (big/small) share of + 百分数14. 表示流程图的“步骤”01) to begin (with)02) first of all 03) secondly04) then/next05) after that06) finally/at last07) in addition/furthermore08) meanwhile/at the same time09) in the next stage/following this10) in the subsequent stage15. 表示流程图“首阶段”01) the process starts from (+名词 or 动名词)02) at the first/initial stage03) at the beginning of the cycle04) during the initial phase05) is the first step in 16. 表示流程图“次阶段”01) the second stage is02) the next step in the process is17. 表示流程图“末阶段”01) is the last step in the procedure02) The final phase of the procedure is about03) In the final phase04) Entering the final phase18. 有用的句式01) provide/give/present an overall view/overview of02) To summarise/In summary/Overall/As suggested above03) It can be seen fromthat04) In, it is another picture.05) It is clearly evident from the that 06) Through the information that is provided in the we can learn that 07) By briefly glancing at it is apparent that 08) The information in the concludes that 09) What is notable is that（值得注意的是）10) What remains truly remarkable is that（引人注目的是）11) It is evident when comparing 12) shows the changes in the number of.over the period from.to.13) lead us to the conclusion that.14) As can be seen from the , great changes have taken place in.15) shows the changing proportion of a and b（a和b的比例关系）16) The percentage of.is slightly larger/smaller than that of.17) There is not a great deal of difference between.and.18) There are a lot similarities between.and.19) A has something in common with B.20) The difference between a and b lies in.7