【精品】介词（讲义）英语六年级下册通用版.docx

第七章介词介词时间介词 空间介词方法介词其他介词介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的虚词，在句中不能单独作 句子成分。介词后面一般有名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作 它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作状语、表语、补语。介词可 以分为表示时间的介词、表示空间的介词、表示方法的介词和其他介词。时间介词：at,in,on,before,after方位介词:on,in,at,behind,over,above,under,below动向介词：to,into,up,down,through,along,out of方式介词：by, on, with原因介词：for, from, of, with第一节表示时间的介词l.at, in, on在表示时间时的区别(1) at表示具体的时间点。如：at five o'clock 五点 at nine 九点表示一段较短的时间。如：at night在晚上 at Christmas在圣诞节表示人的年龄。如：at the age of 15 在 15 岁时(2) in常与上午、下午、晚上等词连用。如：in the morning 在早上 in the afternoon 在下午 in the evening 在晚上 常与月份、季节、年份连用。“以方式”。如：They are learning English through TV,他们正通过电视学英语。同步练习一、用 with、by、in、off, of> on 来填空。1 .We often do our homework a ball pen.2 .Lets go to the park bike.3 . It's Zhongshan Station. Let's get the bus.4 .Look,the bus is coming.Let*s get the bus.5 .-Who*s the woman yellow?- She's our class teacher.6 .Lucy always goes to school car. But tomorrow she will take a bus. 二、中译英。1 .听老师说 2.在三年级 3 .两杯茶 4.善于唱歌 5 .从中国来 6.穿红色衣服的男孩 7 .关于这部电影 8.在车站9 .在去学校的路上 10.在八楼 三、选择正确的答案，并把编号填入括号内。()l.My mother is interested singing. She sings every morning.A.forB.inC.to)2.Don't wait me. Til be late tonight.A.for B.to C.of)3. Can you give the book your brother?A.forB.toC.of)4.English is very useful us.A.inB.withC.for)5. What is Beijing famous A.toB.forC.with)6.Look at the girl a big bag.She is my sister.A.forB.in C.with参考答案：第一节表示时间的介词 同步练习 一、选择正确的介词填空。1. He will visit his grandpa in (in,on) summer.2. My birthday is on (on,in) October 6th.3. We'll have a party on (on, in) Saturday evening.4. We usually go to school at (at, on) half past seven.5. Peter often goes swimming at(in,at) seven in (on, in) theevening.6. What do you do at (at,in)weekends?7. My father will come back in (after,in)two weeks.8. Spring comes after (before,after) winter. 二、选择合适的介词完成句子，每词只能用一次。during for on to after before past in at till since ago1. In the night, I heard someone scream.2. We go to bed at half past nine.3. A lot of foreigners will come to visit our school ok Monday.4. We must finish the work before Friday.1.1 have been studying English since last year.6. The film will begin at half past eleven.7. He will stay in Japan till July.8. Boys like to play football after school.1.1 ts timefor supper. Go and wash your hands.10 .That happened ten years ago.11 .The boy watched TV from six to ten yesterday.11.1 t*s cold in Shanghai during winter.三、选择正确的答案，并把序号填在括号里。(B ) 1 .Mary will visit her grandma summer.A.byB.inC.on(C ) 2.My birthday is May 1st.A.byB.inC.on(C ) 3.What doyou do the weekend?A 上yB.inC.on(A) 4.1 go to school half past six.A.at B.in C.on第二节表示空间的介词同步练习一、选择正确的介词填空。2. We spent the whole afternoon on (on, over) the lake.3. Please sign your name below (below,under)the line.4. It's cold. Please come and sit by (near,by) the fire.5. Balloons are flying over (on,over)the town.6. Balloons are flying in (in,on) the sky.7. He walked across (through,across)the street to McDonald's.8. Miss Green is sitting among (among, between) the students of Class 1.9. Look!Some birds are flying above (over,above) the clouds.10. It's a fine day,Let's walk along (along,to) the street.11. Don't look out of (out,out of) the window. We are having a lesson.二、选择填空。(C ) l.She spent all his money books.A. in B. withC. on(C ) 2.He speaks Japanese best the boy students.A. between B. with C. among(A) 3.Shanghai is the east of China.A. in B. on C. to(B ) 4. A plane is flying the city.A. onB. over C.above(B ) 5.There is a small river the two townsA. in B. between C. among(B ) 6. You are free to speak the meeting.A. atB. inC. on(B ) 7.Reading the sun isn't good youA. under for B. in for C. in to(C ) 8.They will leave London next month.A. toB. from C. for(B ) 9.Li Lei sometimes falls asleep the lesson.A. for B. through C. during(A) 10. Jack has studied Chinese in this school the year of 2000.A. sinceB. inC. on(B ) 11 .There are many apples the tree. A bird the tree is picking anapple.A. in onB. on inC. in at(A ) 12. Hong Kong is the south of China, and Macao is thewest of Hong Kong. A. in; to B. to; toC. to; in第三节表示方法及其他的介词同步练习一、用 with、by、in、off, of> on 来填空。1 .We often do our homework with a ball pen.2 .Letfs go to the park by bike.3 . It*s Zhongshan Station. Let's get off the bus.4 .Look,the bus is coming.Let's geton the bus.5 .Who*s the womanin yellow?- She's our class teacher.6 .Lucy always goes to schoolin car. But tomorrow she will take a bus.二、中译英。L听老师说 listen to the teacher 2.在三年级 in Grade 37 .两杯茶 two cups of tea4,善于唱歌 be good at singing8 .从中国来 from China6,穿红色衣服的男孩 the boy in red9 .关于这部电影about this film8.在车立占 at the station10 在去学校的路上 on the way to school 1。.在八楼 on Floor 8 三、选择正确的答案，并把编号填入括号内。(B ) l.My mother is interested singing. She sings every morning.A.forB.inC.to(A) 2.Don*t wait me. Fil be late tonight.A.for B.to C.of(B ) 3. Can you give the book your brother?A.forB.to C.of(C ) 4.Englishis veryuseful us.A.inB.withC.for(B ) 5. What is Beijing famous A.toB.forC.with(C ) 6.Look at the girl a big bag.She is my sister.A.for B.in C.with令 一一'关注有礼学科网中小学资源库扫码关注可免费领取180套PPT教学模版令海量教育资源一触即达 令新鲜活动资讯即时上线学学科同学学科同如：in June 六月 in spring 在春天in 1989 在 1989 年(3) on常与星期连用。如：on Sunday 周日on Monday 周一表示具体的某一天。如：on June 1st六月一日 on May 3rd 五月三日表示在某天的上午、下午或晚上。如：on Saturday morning 在周六的早晨on a winter evening 在一个冬天的夜晚3.1 n, after在表示时间时的区别“in十某个时间短语”表示从现在起多长时间，用于将来时，意为将会发生 某事。如：He will come back in a week. 他将在一周后回来。(1) “after十某个时间短语”表示从过去某个时间起过多长时间，多用于过去时。如： He returned after three days.他三天后返回了。3 .by和before在表示时间时的区别(1) by表示到某一时间为止。如：He was told to be here by seven o'clock.让他七点前到这儿。(2) before表示在某一时间之前。如：They went before six.他们在六点前就离开了。4 . during, through 和 between 的区别。(1) during"在期间如： He was staying in Beijing during the summer holiday.暑假期间他一直待在北京。(2) through ”在整个期间2强调“自始至终”。如：It's very hot through the whole summer this year.今年整个夏天都很热。(3)between ”在(两个)之间,突出时间的起点和终点,相当于fromto”。如：Tom sits between Mike and Jim.汤姆坐在迈克和吉米之间。5.after, in在表示时间时的区别前两词都表示“在之后”的意思。after的反义词是before； in还表示“在之内”之意。如：Fil come here after supper.我晚饭后来这儿。They will finish the work in an hour.他们一个小时后将完成工作。He got back from the US after two weeks.两周后他从美国返回了。注：in与将来时连用多表示“在时间后”，与过去时连用表示“在之内”。6上y和till(until)在表示时间时的区另U两词都表示时间的最后限度。by意为“在以前”，强调时间的限制；till(until) 意为“直到为止”，常用于延续的动词肯定式中，或与短暂动词的否认式连 用。如:He must have returned by next Monday.他下周一一定 已经回来了。By the time you get home,it will be dark.当你回家时,天都黑了。I waited for you until two o'clock yesterday.我昨天一直等你到两点。The child didn*t go to bed until 11 o'clock last night.孩子昨天晚上直到十一点才上床睡觉。7.since和for在表示时间时的区别两者常用在现在完成时态中。since+具体时间起点，意为“自开始”；for+ 一段时间，意为“已有时间如：I have studied English since 2002.我从 2002 年开始学习英语。I have studied English for more than 10 years.我学习英语十多年了。8.1 n和at在表示地点时的区别in表示在某物里面，也可表示在一个很大的空间内。in后接较大的地点和 场所。如：There are some pens in the box.盒子里有一些钢笔。He lives in Beijing.他住在北京。(1) at表示在某物旁边、周围，不强调某物的空间。at后可接较小的地点和场所。如：Who's sitting there at the door ?谁坐在门 口 ?They arrived at the station early in the morning.他们早上很早就到了车站。同步练习一、选择正确的介词填空。1. He will visit his grandpa (in,on) summer.2. My birthday is (on,in) October 6th.3. Well have a party (on, in) Saturday evening.4. We usually go to school (at, on) half past seven.5. Peter often goes swimming (in,at) seven (on, in) the evening.6. What do you do (at,in)weekends?7. My father will come back (after,in)two weeks.8. Spring comes (before,after) winter.二、选择合适的介词完成句子，每词只能用一次。during for on to after before past in at till since ago1. the night, I heard someone scream.2. We go to bed half past nine.3. A lot of foreigners will come to visit our school Monday.4. We must finish the work Friday.1.1 have been studying English last year.6. The film will begin at half eleven.7. He will stay in Japan July.8. Boys like to play football school.1.1 t*s time supper. Go and wash your hands.10 .That happened ten years .11 .The boy watched TV from six ten yesterday.11.1 ts cold in Shanghai winter.三、选择正确的答案，并把序号填在括号里。()l.Mary will visit her grandma summer.A 上yB.inC.on()2.My birthday is May 1st.A 上yB.inC.on()3.What doyou do the weekend?A.byB.inC.on()4.1 go to school half past six.A.atB.inC.on第二节表示空间的介词1.1 n, to, on在表示位置上的区别(1) in表示事物在某一区域范围内。如：China is in the east of Asia.中国在亚洲东部。(2) to表示事物在某一区域范围之外的某一位置。如：Japan is to the east of China.日本在中国的东面。(3) on表示事物与另一区域范围属于相接邻的关系。如： Guangdong Province is on the southeast of Guangxi.广东省在广西的东南边。2 .across, through在表示位置上的区别(1) across指“穿过”这一动作在某个物体的外表进行。如：She went across the street carefully to do some shopping.他小心地穿过马路去购物。(2) through指“穿过”这一动作在某个物体的空间内进行。如：The sun goes through the window.阳光透过窗户。3 .above,over,below,under在表示位置上的区别above表示两个物体一个在另一个的上方，但不一定是在正上方，且两个 物体之间没有接触。如：The plane flew above the clouds.飞机在云层上面飞行。(1) over表示垂直在上的正上方，两个物体外表没有接触。如： When it rains, you carry all umbrella over your head.下雨时，你在头顶上打一把伞。(2) below意为“在的下面“，不一定表示正下方。如：From the top of the hill, we could see the forest belowo 在山顶上，我们可以看见山下的树木。(3) under表示一物在另一物垂直在下的正下方。如：I found my ring under the table.我在桌子下面找到了戒指。4 .among, between 的区别(1) among用于三者或三者以上的“在中间”。如：She sat among the children.她坐在孩子们中间。(2) between主要表示两者之间。如： There was a fight between the two boys.这两个男孩间发生了一场打斗。5 . near,by,around和beyond在表示地点时的区别(1) near表示“在附近”。如：There is a theatre near his home,他家附近有一家剧院。(2) by表示“在近旁”。如：There is a chair by the table.桌子边上有一把椅子。(3) around表示“在周围如：They were sitting around the table.他们围坐在桌子周围。(4) beyond表示“在以外”。如：The fruit is beyond my reach.那个果子我够不着。6.1 n front of和behind在表示方位时的区别(1) in front of 表示“在前面如： There are some big trees in front of our classroom.我们教室前面有几棵大树。(2) behind表示“在后面”。如：The broom is behind the door. 管帚在门后。7. in和into在表示动作方向时的区别(1) in侧重表示动词的结果。如：Come in,please. 请进。(2) into主要强调动词的过程。这两词常可通用。如：I was reading the newspaper when Robin came into the room.罗宾走进房间时我正在看报纸。8. along和down在表示动作方向时的区别两词都有“沿着”之意。down常有“往南”"往市中心”之意；down作响下“讲时，其反义词是up。 如:I go along the road.我沿着大街走。We 11 go down town this afternoon.今天下午我们将进城。同步练习一、选择正确的介词填空。1. We spent the whole afternoon (on, over) the lake.2. Please sign your name (below,under)the line.3. It's cold. Please come and sit (near,by) the fire.4. Balloons are flying (on,over)the town.5. Balloons are flying (in,on) the sky.6. He walked (through,across)the street to McDonald's.7. Miss Green is sitting (among, between) the students of Class 1.8. Look!Some birds are flying (over,above) the clouds.9. Its a fine day,Let's walk (along,to) the street.10. Don*t look (out,out of) the window. We are having a lesson. 二、选择填空。( )l.She spent all his money books.A. in B. withC. on( )2.He speaks Japanese best the boy students.A. between B. with C. among()3.Shanghai is the east of China.A. inB. onC. to)4.A plane is flying the city.A. onB. over C.above)5.There is a small river the two townsA. in B. between C. among)6.You are free to speak the meeting.A. atB. inC. on)7.Reading the sun isn't good youA. under for B. in for C. in to)8.They will leave London next month.A. toB. from C. for)9.Li Lei sometimes falls asleep the lesson.A. for B. through C. during)10. Jack has studied Chinese in this school the year of 2000.A. sinceB. inC. on)11 .There are many apples the tree. A bird the tree is picking an apple.A. in onB. on inC. in at)12. Hong Kong is the south of China, and Macao is thewest of Hong Kong.A.in;to B.to;toC.to;in第三节表示方法及其他的介词l.with表示伴随状态或条件时的用法with表示"和一起”“具有” “伴随”等。如：I will go to Beijing with my mother.我将和妈妈一起去北京。 a house with a garden 带花园 的房子The shadow moves with the sun.影子随着太阳而动。2.表示关联对象的介词的用法(1) about表示“关于"。如：Speak about yourself, not about your friend .说你自己，而不是关于你的朋友。(2) of表示“对于”。如：What do you think of this movie ?你认为这部电影怎么样？(3) to表示“对于”。如： Have you found the answer to the question ?你找到问题的答案了吗？(4) with的用法with表示“对于如： The teacher is very strict with his students.这位老师对他的学生很严格。with表示“用工具、手段(也可表示具体的材料)如:I cut the apple with a sharp knife .我用一把锋利的刀削苹果。Tom drew the picture with a pencil.汤姆用铅笔画画。(5) besides表示“除之外(表示另外还有,包括在内)”。如： All the students go to park, besides John.除了约翰以外，所有的学生都去公园了。(约翰也去了)(6) except表示“除以外(表示除了以外,别的都)”。如： We go to school every day ,except Sunday.除周日外，我们每天上学。(星期日不上学)(7) in表示“用语言(说话方式)如： He is writing a letter to his father in Chinese.他正用中文给父亲写信。Can you retell the text in your own words?你能用自己的话复述课文吗？(8) over表示“通过的通信途径”。如：She told me over the telephone about it.她在 里把这事告诉了我。(9) through表示“通过.的途径”，还可表示方法、手段，意为“经由