2022年人教版中考英语总复习 第一部分教材知识梳理 八年级(上)Units 1-3.docx

八年级（上）Units 1-3教材词汇分层训练争重点单词背记.anywhere 在任何地方1 .most adj.,adv.&最多;大多数.myself pro机我自己;我本人2 .hen .母鸡.pig机猪3 .seem卜好像;似乎;看来.activity 儿活动7 .try v.&九尝试;设法;努力.bird .鸟8 .bicycle n.自行车;脚踏车.trader .商人9 .top九顶部;外表4的.（位置、级别等）最高的.umbrella九伞;雨伞10 .wet画.湿的;潮湿的;下雨的.below prep.& ad比在下面;到下面11 .enough adj.& 八足够的（地）;充足的（地）;充分的（地）.as ad以像一样;如同 conj.当时;如同12 .hiH .小山;山丘.duck 儿鸭13 .housework机家务劳动;家务事.hardly a/艮几乎不;几乎没有14 .ever 源在任何时候;从来曾经C.try them on D.look after them【解析】考查动词短语。根据后者说的“恐怕这个尺寸对您来说有点小”可知，后者建议前者试穿一下牛 仔裤,以防止尺寸不合适。try on意为“试穿”，符合语境。【答案】C考点4enough的用法【教材原句】My father didn't bring enough money,so we only had one bowl of rice and some fish.我爸爸没有带足够的钱，所以我们只吃了 一碗米饭和一些鱼。(P5)修饰形容词或副词，且必须置于其后常见 句式：adj./adv.+enough+(for sb.) to do sth.“(对某人来说,)足够做某事” 一二修饰名词,置于名词前后均可。常用句式：enough J 作形谷词J enough+n.+(for sb.) to do sth.“(某人)有足够的做某事”作件.在句中作主语、宾语，当单独作主语时,谓语 F作代词一动词常用单数形式例如：I didn't take enough clothes,我没有带足够的衣服。This house isn't big enough for us.这个房子对我们来说不够大。Enough has been said about this topic.关于这个话题说得已经够多了。妙辨异同勃辛析.enough to.,so.that.和 too.to.(1) .enough to意为”足够而能去做某事”。句型结构:形容词/副词+enough to do sth.o当主语是物时,在to前可以加for sb. osothat意为“如此以至于”。句型结构:so+形容词/副词+that从句。that后接结果状语从句,常与情态动词can连用。(3)tooto意为“太以至于不能”，表否认意义。句型结构:too+形容词/副词+to do sth.o主语是物时,可以在to的前面加for sb.o(4)通常来说,这三种句型可以相互转换:tooto二not+相应形容词/副词的反义词+enough to.=so.that+ 否认句。例如：He is too young to go to school.= He is not old enough to go to schooL=He is so young that he can't go toschool.他太小了，不能上学。活学活用Don't worry about Jane.She is to take good care of little Tom.A.carefully enoughB.careful enoughC.enough careful D.enough carefully【解析】考查enough的用法。enough修饰形容词和副词时必须放在其后，且根据空前的系动词可知，此 处应用形容词构成系表结构，故用careful enougho【答案】B考点5die的用法【教材原句】Old habits die hard.旧习难改。(P13)i蛆f融文意为啪朱灭亡也二为韭延缓隹动显后面丕能接表示二段时苴。其名词形式 为death,形容词形式有两种:dying意为“垂死的;奄奄一息的”;dead意为“死的;失去生命的工2.当与表示一段时间的时间状语连用时,用be dead表示状态。活学活用.His grandmother for six years.And he still misses her very much.A.died B.has diedC.has been dead D.has been died【解析】考查动词的时态。die是非延续性动词，不能和时间段连用，且die在此处为不及物动词，无被动 语态,故排除A、B、D项。be dead表示已死亡的状态，可与时间段连用，符合语境。【答案】C.The flowers nearly after three days without being watered.A.lived B.died C.set D.grew【解析】考查动词。句意:这些花三天没有浇水，差点枯萎了。die"死亡;凋零”，符合语境。【答案】B考点6more than的用法【教材原句】She usually watches TV for more than two hours a day她通常每天看超过两个小时的电视(P15)more than重为多于“。例如：More than half of the people agree with the plan.超过一半的人同意这个计划。到辛析 more than,no more than,大于;多于;超过;不只less than 和 no less thanShe is more than a teacher to us.她对于我们来说不只是老师。wno more than只不过;仅仅;至多There are no more than fifteen eggs in the basket.监 子里取多有 15 个鸡蛋。ra less than小于;少于The baby slept for less than two hours.这个婴儿没睡到两个小时。囹不亚于；不少于;不低于All in all,no less than nine of the students agree with us.总而言之,至少有 9 名学生同意 我们的观点。活学活用根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词.我校有3 000多名学生。There are more than 3,000 students in our school.【解析】此处表示在数量上超过之意，故用more than0.你最多能拿走十颗糖。You can take away no more than ten candies.【解析】no more than意为“至多”，符合语境。重占八、句型考点 7How often do you go to the movies?你多久去看一次电影?(Pl 1)hoyLQften一意为“多么”，用来对频度副词或表示在某段时间内某种动作重复的次数的状语提问。例如：一How often do you play basketball?你多久打一次篮球?一N ev er.我从不打篮球。一How often do you watch TV?你多久看一次电视？一Twice a week.每周两次。拓展延伸其他含有how的疑问词组(l)how soon"多久:对"in+时间段”提问，通常用于将来时态。(2)how long“多久;多长“，可以对"or+时间段”提问，通常用于完成时态，也可对物体长度提问。(3)how far“多远”，对距离或事情的进展提问。(4)how many"多少”，对可数名词的数量提问。(5)how much“多少”，对价格或不可数名词的数量提问，也可对程度提问。(6)how old"多大''，对年龄提问o活学活用(2021 福建改编)一 do you play sports,Ella?一Every day.It's necessary for us to play sports an hour a day at school.A.How much B.How oftenC.How long D.How soon【解析】考查特殊疑问词。句意:艾拉,你多久做一次运动?每天。在学校我们每天必须运动一 小时。根据答语中的“Every day.”可知，前者提问频率。how often“多久一次”，符合语境。【答案】B考点 8一Is Julie as tall as you?朱莉和你一样高吗?一No,she isn't.She's taller thanme.不，她不是。她比我高。(P19)1 .形容词和副词原级的句型：(1)“A+谓语+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B”意为“A和B 一样”。例如: Tara works as hard as Tina.塔拉工作和蒂娜一样努力。“A+谓语+not as/so+形容词/副词原级+as+B”意为“A不如B例如：My computer is not as/so expensive as yours.我的电脑没有你的贵。2 .形容词和副词比拟级的句型：（1）缪土谓适土形容词/副创戚级±蜘坦度空A此旦更二:12。例如：He is better at English than Peter.他比彼得更擅长英语。（2）“Which/What/Whotj髓+爰容诩副词比拟级,AorB?B为?A利B中朋B一个史?”。例如： Who got to school earlier today,Alice or Anna?今天谁到学校早点，爱丽丝还是安娜？3 .常用asas结构的短语:asas possible”尽可能（地）”;as long as"只要"as soon as" 就”。活学活用.（2021 四川成都改编）we continue to pull together,we'H keep winning the game.A.As long as B.Even thoughC.As soon as D.In order that【解析】考查连词。句意:只要我们继续齐心协力，我们会一直赢得比赛的。as long as"只要”，符合语境。 【答案】A.（2021 广西贵港）一Is your father strict with you?一Yes.He takes my grades as as my teachers do.A.seriousB.more seriousC.seriously D.more seriously【解析】考查as.as结构。句意:你的爸爸对你很严格吗?是的。他和我的老师一样重视我的成 绩。“as+形容词/副词原级+as”表示“和 一样 "take sth.seriously为固定搭配，意为“认真对待某事”。 C项符合语境。【答案】c.（2021 ；胡匕黄冈）一Who is the girl dancing on the stage?Oh,she's my friend Maria.She dances than before.A.well B.much betterC.best D.the best【解析】考查副词比拟级。句意:舞台上跳舞的女孩是谁?噢，她是我的朋友玛丽亚。她跳得比 以前好多了。根据空后的“than”可知，此处应用比拟级,much修饰比拟级，表示程度。【答案】B安徽中考真题精选I .单项填空.（2021 安徽第 23 题）一The Chinese language is more and more popular.Exactly!It9s becoming a language skill in the international community.（ C ）A.similarB.difficultC.necessary D.traditional.（2021 安徽第 29 题）一Your village is really beautiful!一Thank you.,all the villages here have taken on a new look.（ B ）A.For example B.In factC.First of all D.As a result.（2020安徽第 21 题）一Would you mind handing me a pair of serving chopsticks?-.Here you are.（ A ）A.Of course notB. Yes,I'd love toC.I don't agreeD.That's all right.（2020安徽第 28 题）Our English teacher is nice and patient she is very strict with us.（ D ） A.if B.as C.unless D.though1 .（2019安徽第 33 题）Could you stay a little longer?! have more to tell you about the plan fortomorrow. （A ）A.something B.every thingC.anythingD.nothing2 .（2019安徽第 40 题）一I wonder the students have a physical examination.一Once a year.（ D ） A.how far B.how soon C.how long D.how often 7.（2017安徽第 35 题）一What do you think of the movie?Great!I have never seen a one.（ C ）A.good B.bad C.better D.worse8 .（2017安徽第 45 题）一May I do some sports after finishing my homework?-.It is good for your health.（C ）A.I hope not B.Sorry,you can'tC.Of course D.Yes,rd love to.（2012安徽第 32 题）We lost the match because they had players.They had eleven and we had onlynine!（ D ）A.strongerB .youngerC.fewer D.moren .单词拼写1 .（2018安徽第 95 题）Please thinktwice （两次）before you hand in your paper.2 .（2016安徽第 92 题）Frank,take off yourwet （湿的）jacket so you don、catch a cold.3 .（2014安徽第 100 题）Bob has many storybooks and he often shares （提供）them with his friends.23.once adv.一次;曾经24.twice adu.两次;两倍1.1 Internet九（国际）互联网;因特网.program/programme 几节目26 .full忙的;满的;充满的.maybe adv.大概;或许;可能27 .coffee九咖啡.result机结果;后果28 .online adj.& adu在线（的）;联网（的）.television n.电视节目；电视机32 .although co可.虽然;尽管;即使.through以;凭借;穿过33 .mind .头脑;心智L介意.body比身体37.such adj.& pst.这样的;那样的;类似的3 8 .together在一起;共同39 .magazine九杂志;期刊.however 4dH 然而;不过40 .than prep.& co切.（用以引出比拟的第二局部）比.almost adv.几乎;差不多41 .none p/wi.没有一个;毫无.point .得分;点比指;指向42 .both adj.8c 厂。几两个;两个都.loudly adv.喧闹地;大声地;响亮地47 . hard -working adj.工作努力的;辛勤的.fantastic .极好的;了不起的48 .which pron.& q功,哪一个;哪一些.though。"艮不过;可是;然而co列.虽然;尽管;不过49 .kid几小孩;年轻人52,necessary,必需的;必要的53 .grade九成绩等级;评分等级.should modal艮应该;应当;可以55 .reach乜伸手;到达;抵达.hand 几手56 .heart几内心;心脏.fact .现实;事实57 .arm .手臂;上肢.share以提供;共享;共用;分摊61.primary,最初的;最早的nformation。信息;消息净重点单词拓展.anyone任何人 everyone mbo 每人:人人;所有人一 someone pron. A1 .wonderful 力.精彩的:绝妙的> wonder!想知道:琢磨几奇观;奇迹.few adj.&,不多:很少 fewer （比拟级）一> fewest （最高级）4.something pron.某事;某物nothing pron.没有什么;没有一件东西一 anything pron.任何事物;任 何东西.yourself pron.你自己;您自己r yourselves （复数形式）5 .bored砌.厌倦的;烦闷的> boring adj.令人厌烦的;乏味的.diary九日记;记事簿diaries （复数形式）6 .enjoyable 力.有乐趣的:令人愉快的一» enjoy艮享受的乐趣;喜爱.decide以决定:选定 decision 几决定:抉择7 .wait乜等待;等候 waiter".男服务员;侍者 waitress儿女服务员;侍者.hungry 力饥饿的> hunger几.饥饿8 .die u消失;灭亡;死亡-died （过去式/过去分词）一 dying （现在分词）death n.死亡一 dead 力.死的:失去生命的dying 力.濒临消亡的:垂死的.win以获胜:赢:赢得 won （过去式/过去分词） winner九获胜者9 .care u在意;担忧;关心> caring adj.体贴人的;关心他人的一 careful adj.小心的一 carefully adv.谨慎地 careless adj.不小心的一 carelessly adv.粗心地;不在意地15.laugh乜笑;发笑j笑声laughter 九笑:笑声16.serious adj严肃的;稳重的seriously ad比严重地;严肃地;认真地17.touch比感动:触摸-touched 4力.受感动的18.break艮（使）破;裂;碎;损坏几（课间）休息- broke （过去式） broken （过去分词）broken adj.破损的;残缺的19.similar adj.相像的;类似的> similarly adv.相像地;类似地> similarity 一相似性;类似处净重点短语积累l.stay at home待在家里2 .quite a few相当多;不少.of course当然;自然4 .keep a diary i己 日 t己.decide to do sth.决定做某事5 .feel like给的感觉;感受到.wait for 等待6 .because of因为，由于.hardly ever几乎从不7 .three times a week 一周三次.at least至少;不少于;起码8 .such as例如;像这样13.more than多于;超过1.1 less than少于;不到.care about 关心;在意15 .as long as只要;既然.be different from 与不同;与有差异16 .bring out使显现;使表现出.the same as 和相同;与致17 .reach for伸手去拿in fact确切地说;事实上;实际上22 .be similar to与相像的、类似的.primary school 小学争核心词汇语境练根据首字母及汉语提示补全单词Lit is useful for us to learn English by keeping a diary （日 t己）in English.2 .Tom didn't have breakfast this morning,so he feels hungry （切L饿的）now.3 .Yesterday I bought some fruit from a trader （商人）on my way home.4 .The hotel is full （满的）up tonight,so we have to go to another one.5 .Samshared （提供）his chocolate with other kids yesterday.6 .Please follow the rules.Don'ttouch （触碰）the photos in the museum.7 .He has got very highpoints （得分）in the final exam.8 .Do you know the result （结果）of the high jump competition?熟词生义l.full熟义/ .忙的;满的;充满的生义:想/,吃饱了的;完整的;详尽的;圆的（1 ）1 am full enough to eat nothing.（C ）（2）Then we eat mooncakes and enjoy the full moon.（译林牛津七上 Unit 5）（D ）A.忙的B.详尽的C吃饱了的D.圆的2.result熟义:.结果;后果;成果生义:也（因而）产生;发生机成绩;得分（1）1 like math and I dream of achieving good research results like the top scientists.（2020湖南郴州X A ）（2）How can the boy know his test results?（D ）A.成果B.后果C.产生D.得分. through熟义:.以;凭借;穿过生义:p-ep.自始至终;从头到尾口/上( )接通(l)On sunny days,you can enjoy the sunshine through the window.(2020四川凉山)(B )(2)What,s more,it's a great way to spend our free time by looking through those funny videos.(2020黑龙江龙东XC )A.凭借B.穿过C.从头到尾D.接通.mind熟义:儿头脑;心智也介意;对(某事)烦恼生义:也留神;留意;关心，照看(人或物)(l)Would you mind handing me a pair of serving chopsticks?(2020安徽X B )(2)Could you mind my bags for a moment?( D )A.头脑B.介意C.留神D.照看3 . grade熟义:九成绩等级;评分等级;(美国学制)年级生义:儿等级;品级也划分等级;给评分(l)Playing computer games may influence our grades/ A )(2)Don,t grade people through their income.( C )A.成绩等级B.年级C划分等级4 .hand熟义:儿手也递;交;给生义:儿帮助;指针(l)Jack handed the teacher his paper and went out.( B )(2)一Could you give me a hand? I can't move the box by myself.No problem.(20204匕京)(C )A.手B.递C帮助D.指针.break熟义也(使)破;裂;碎;损坏.休息;间隙生义”违反;背弃;打破(纪录)(l)And more laws and rules about dealing with waste have been made.Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.(2020重庆 B 卷XC ) (2)Fm used to taking a break at noon.( B )(3)In 2004,he won the first Olympic gold medal for China in the 110m hurdles race,and at the same time broke the Olympic Games record.(外研九上 Module 8)(D )A.损坏B.休息C.违反D.打破(纪录)5 .point熟义:几得分;点;要点u指;指向;指出生义:观点;特点;目的(l)He pointed to a gate.( C )(2)She shared several interesting points in the article.(B )A.得分B.观点C指向名师考点精讲考点1复合不定代词或副词的用法【教材原句】Oh,really?Did you go w汕anyone?哦，真的吗？你和别人一起去的吗？(P2)some any no everyone/body thing wheresomesomeone/somebodysomethingsomewhereanyanyone/anybodyanythinganywherenono one/nobodynothingnowhereeveryeveryone/everybodyeverythingeverywhere注意:形容词修饰复合不定代词时，总是位于复合不定代词之后。2.用法:复合不定代词在句中通常只能作主语、宾语和表语。作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。复合不定副词在句中可作表语，也可作状语，修饰动词或其他副词。例如：I did nothing! just stayed there.我什么也没做，就只是待在那里。（宾语）Is everybody here?大家都到了吗?（主语）He looked for his bicycle everywhere,but he could* find it.他到处找他的自行车，但没有找到。（状语）Your bike must be somewhere in the school.你的自行车一定在学校的某个地方。（表语）活学活用.（2021 贵州安Jll页改编）一Did you do fun on your vacation,Tara?一Yes,I did.I went to Sanya.A.everything B.any thingC.nothingD.something【解析】考查不定代词。句意:你假期做了什么有趣的事吗，塔拉?是的。我去了三亚。根据语 境可知，前者是问后者假期做了什么有趣的事情。在疑问句中表示“一些事情”,应用anythingo【答案】B.（2021 江苏盐城）一Why are you laughing,Daniel?There is funny in the newspaper.Come and see.A.anythingB.somethingC.everything D.nothing【解析】考查不定代词。句意:丹尼尔，你为什么笑?报纸上有些有趣的事情。快来看看。根据 语境可知，因为报纸上有一些有趣的事情,所以丹尼尔才会笑。在肯定句中表示“一些事情”，应用 something。【答案】B考点2decide的用法【教材原句】It was sunny and hot,so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel.天气晴朗又炎热，所以我们决定去旅馆附近的海滩。（P5）活学活用1 .After a few weeks' sadness,!to cheer up and have a wonderful life.A.decidedB.continuedC.forgot D.caught【解析】考查动词。句意:难过了几周之后，我决定振作起来，过上美好的生活。decide意为“决定”，符合语 境。【答案】A.Finally,she decided studying in Yucai Middle School.A.to B.onC.for D.with【解析】考查介词。句意:最终，她决定在育才中学上学。固定搭配decide on doing sth.意为“决定做某事”, 符合语境。【答案】B考点3try的用法【教材原句】My sister and I tried paragliding.我和妹妹尝试了 滑翔伞飞行。(P5)/try to do sth.努力做某事（付出一定的努力）（try doing sth.尝试做某事（不一定付出努力） 乍动司）g try one's best to do sth.尽某人最大努力做某事 而:（try on试穿；试戴' try out 试验T作名词have a try试一试活学活用The jeans are very nice.ril take them.一You'd better first.Fm afraid the size is a bit small for you.A.pay for them B.take them off