2022年中考英语总复习第二部分语法专题突破 专题十 复合句.docx

专题十复合句中考导回时间状语从句/状语从句that分析近5年安徽中考真题可知，复合句为每年的必考知识点之一。对于复合句的考查主要涉及并列 复合句（多以考查并列连词的形式出现,此专题不进行讲解）和主从复合句。中考中对主从复合句的考查 主要集中在宾语从句和状语从句，少量涉及定语从句，其中状语从句主要考查附属连词（见专题六）。考点总语法导图考查点年份（频次）题号正确选项干扰选项宾语从句2021（1 次）28whetherwhy,how,where2020（1 次）29howwhy,where,when2019（1 次）40how oftenhow far,how soon,how long2018（1 次）39whywhether,how,when2017（1 次）41howwhy,when,whether条件状语从句） KX原因状语从句 z,目的状语从句） X,z让步状语从句 X/结果状语从句 VZ比拟状语从句） X/）也点状语从句）名师考点精讲考点1宾语从句1 .宾语从句的连接词连接词用法例句that本身无意义，不充 当句子成分，只起 连接作用，可省略。I think(that) it's everyone's duty to protect our earth.我认为每个人都有义务保 护我们的地球。意为“是否”，表示对if/whether从句所表达的内容 I don't know if/whether he still lives here after so many years.我不知道这么多不确定，不作句子成年后他是否还住在这儿。分,但不可省略。连 接 代 词 (what/which/who/whose/whom/whatever 等)一般表疑问，但 what,whatever 除了表疑问，也 可表陈述。它 们在从句中充 当成分，因此不 能省略。He asked me whose coat it was.他问我这是谁的外套。Do you know who broke the window?你知道是谁把窗户打破 了吗？连接副词(why/how/when/where等)在宾语从句中 作状语，不可以 省略。Do you know why he looks worried?你知道他为什么看起来那么担忧吗？拓展延伸只用whether不用if的情况(1)引导介词后的宾语从句时。例如：Fm interested in whether he likes English.我感兴趣的是他是否喜欢英语。直接与or not连用时。例如：Your habits will decide whether or not you are successful in the future.你的习惯决定 了 你将来是否能够成 功。(3)引导动词discuss后的宾语从句时。例如：We are discussing whether we should start out now.我们正在讨论是否应该立即出发。（4）宾语从句置于句首时。例如：Whether this is true or not,I'm not sure,我不确定这是不是真的。2 .宾语从句的语序在含宾语从句的复合句中，不管主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句一律用陈述句语序，即“连接词+主语+谓 语（+其他）”结构。例如：We don't know when will they arrive.（x）We don't know when they will arrive.（V）Could you tell me who is he waiting for?（x）Could you tell me who he is waiting for?（V）注意:特殊疑问词作从句主语时，如果语序本来就是“主语+谓语''结构，那么语序不再变化。例如：Can you tell me who cleaned the classroom?你能告诉我谁清扫 了教室吗？3 .宾语从句的时态时态例句主句是一般现在 时、一般将来时或 祈使句时,从句不 受主句谓语时态的 影响，可以根据实 际情况使用任何时oI hear heHl be back in a few days.我听说他过几天就要回来了。（从句为一般将来时）I hear he came back a few days ago.我听说他几天前就回来了。（从句为一般过去时）主句是过去时态 时,从句须用过去 的某种时态，以便 与主句谓语的时态 保持致。She said she was much better than before.她说她比之前好多了。（从句为一般过去时）She said she was reading a storybook at seven yesterday.她说昨天 7 点钟她正在读故事书。（从句为过去进行时）主句谓语是过去时 态,而宾语从句叙 述某种客观真理或My teacher said that the earth is round.我的老师说地球是圆的。（客观真理）事实时，宾语从句 的时态用一般现在 时。考点2状语从句类型引导词例句时间状语从句when,while, before,after, until,till, since,as soon as.He didn't get home until 9 p.m.他直到晚上9点才到家。Fil call you up as soon as I arrive in Beijing.我一到北京就给你打 。条件状语从句if,unless,as long as.You'H be kept out of the party unless you have an invitation.除非你有请柬，否贝ij你无 法参加这个聚会。原因状语从句because,since, asSince the weather is bad,let's stay at home and watch TV.既然天气不好，那我们就待 在家里看电视吧。目的状语从句in order that,so thatThey flew there in order that they might be on time to attend the opening ceremony.tl 们乘飞机去那里,以便能按时参加开幕典礼。让步状语从句though/although, even though/if, whatever, wherever, whenever.The whole library was in silence,although there were nearly 500 people reading in it.尽 管有将近500人在看书，但整座图书馆都很安静。结果状语从句so.that,such.thatThe joke is so funny that I want to listen to it again.这个笑话如此好笑，以至于我想再 听一遍。比拟状语从句than,as.as.,not as/so.as.I'm as old as Bob.我和鲍勃年龄一样大。地点状语从句where,whereverWhere there is a will,there is a way.有志者，事竟成。考点3定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行 词，通常位于定语从句之前。L关系代词的基本用法作用指代对象作主语作宾语作定语指人who/thatwho/whom/that/ 省略whose指物which/thatwhich/that/省略whose例如：Do you know the girl who/that has won the first prize in the singing competition? 你认识歌唱比赛中获得等奖的那个女孩吗？2 .关系副词的基本用法关系副词先行词充当成分when(=during/in/on/atwhich)day,year,time.时间状语where(=in/from/on/at/towhich)the place,the city.地点状语why(二for which)the reason原因状语3 .关系词只能用which,不能用that的情况引导非限定性定语从句时。例如：The tree,which is four hundred years old,is very famous here.那棵 400 年的树在这里很有名。(2)关系词前有介词时。例如：There is a room,the window of which faces the river,这里有一间房子，窗户朝着这条河。4 .关系词只能用that,不能用which的情况(1)先行词是不定代词 something,anything,everything,nothing,allJittle,few,much,none,some 等时。(2)先行词被 the only,the very,the right,the last 等修饰时。例如：He is the only one that knows how to solve the problem.他是唯个知道如何解决这个问题的人。领先行词既有人又有物时。例如：The characters and events that the author described in his book are very interesting.作者在他书里描写的那 些人和事非常有意思。(4)先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰，或先行词本身就是序数词时。(5)当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。随堂跟踪检测单项填空1 .Mike doesn't care about he can make much money.He just works for fun.( D )A.if B.how C.that D. whether2 .We have never seen her again she went to work in another city.( C )A.when B.as C.since D.till1.1 really like the photo of my family my sister took in the city park last year.( A )A.which B.who C.what D.whom4 .一The TV program Sisters Riding the Winds and Breaking the Waves is popular.一Yes.lt is the only program I watched this month.( B )A.who B.thatC.where D.when5 . decision you make,you should think about it carefully.一I know,Mom.( D )A.However B. WhereverC.Whichever D.Whatever.(2021 ,江苏扬州改编)By the way,could you tell us you heard about our company?一From the InternetC )A.why B.when C.where D.whether6 .一What did your father say to you just now?一He asked me.( C )A.that I would like to see a movie7 .where I will spend my holidayC.if I enjoyed myself at the partyD.when did I attend the graduation party8.(2021 江苏宿迁)Mary shut the window just now she could keep the insects out.( A )A.so that B.when C.tillD.after9.1n our company there are 200 workers,two thirds of are women/ D )A.whose B.which C.who D.whom10.Mom says I do my homework now,I can watch TV for an hour tonight.( A )A.if B.thoughC.until D.while