靓丽语言体现细节魅力.docx
靓丽语言,表达细节魅力彭文国【问题导读】读后续写的根本是讲述故事。故事的讲述需要设定主题,需要有 好的情节来表达主题。而要有效地传达主旨,完美地表达情节,最终 还是要落实语言的运用。没有贴切的、富有情感的语言,就不能有效 地表达情节。从中国学生的英语学习情况来看,读懂原文并根据作者 的主题思想设置情节都没有很大的问题。我们最大的问题在于词汇量 匮乏,不能很好地表达自己的思想。那么,什么样的语言是有效的语 言呢?我们如何才能掌握有效的语言呢?【名师导学】1 .续写的用词要和原文保持一致,包括词汇的风格、色彩、语气、 结构等。因此,我们在续写时要对原文有深刻的理解和感受。高考试 题的原文大都来自外刊,但是都经过特别的改编,适用于中国的高中 生。具体来说,其用词一般都是在3, 500个单词之内。因此,我们 续写的用词都要在这个范围之内。不过分追求“高大上”的生涩单词, 以免和原文脱节。因此,在平时的学习和练习中,我们对原文要特别重视。在动手 续写之前,我们要对原文的用词有深刻的理解。最好对原文的用词进 行归纳汇总,如,心理描写、动作描写等。这样我们就会对原文有更 清晰的认识。2 .积累丰富的词汇素材。只有掌握了丰富的词汇,我们才能在写 作中游刃有余,才能充分表达原文中作者设定的思想情感和主旨。语 言是很感性的,读的文章多了,我们就自然会产生“书卷气”,就有 了表达的自信。我们也可以主动地去系统性地形成自己的词汇库。我们可以有意 识地去建立一个比拟清晰的词汇网络。如,描述心理的词汇,包括开 心、生气、激动、紧张等情绪的表达。再如,表示动作的词汇,包括 各种各样的说、各种各样的走、各种各样的看,等等。有了丰富的词 汇积累,我们在表达时就会更沉着,表达也会更贴切。3 .写作用词要恰当、顺畅、达义。不要刻意追求用词的“生冷”, 更不要根据某部词典的汉语释义而轻易地用词。我们的用词要符合语 境,符合原文用词的色彩。【案例导引】阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故 事。Acoupleofmonthsbeforelstartedhighschool,myparentsgavemethegreatestgiftanyteenageboycouldaskfor:acellphone.11ivedonthatcellphoneallsummerwithmyfaceburiedin itsscreen.Itextedeveryfriendwhowasluckyenoughtohaveacellpho ne. lignoredmyfamilyandmysurroundings. Beingconnectedwasmorei mportantthanbeingpresent.Soyoucanimaginemydispleasurewhenllearnedwhatmydadhadpl annedforourfami1yvacationthatyear. "Thisyear , “ mydadsaid , uwellbedoingsomethingspecial. Weregoingcamping ! ” Hisexcit ementmetwithadisappointedsigh. Itwasntmydreamvacation,andlremainedunbotheredthroughoutthepackingandplanning. Mymin dwasonmycelIphone. Iwassoburiedinthescreen , infact , thatthefirsttimelcouldremembertrulylookingupwaswhenwedrovea crossabridgeonthewaytoourcampsite.Istaredoutthewindowandsawredwoodstoweringaboveus,theirbranchesthreateningtopierce (刺 破) thebluesky. Isawaroaringriver,withsliversofsilkyblackwaterappearingbetweencrashingwhitera pids. Theairblowingintothecarfromtheopenwindowswashotandsmel l?edofpine. Butnoneofthatmatteredtome. Thereasonwhylhadlooked upwasforsomethingfarmoreserious:mycellphonenolongerhadservice.Thelasthourofthedrivewasincreasinglytense. Mydadannounc edthathehadchosenacampsitethathadnocellphoneservice , andthatmycellphonewouldbeuselessuntilwereturnedhome. Iwould betrappedintheforestforfourdayswithnowaytocontacttheoutsid eworld!Iwentthroughthefullcycleofteenageemotionsduringthefirstdayo fthetrip. Iraged (发怒). Ibargained. Ibegged. Iflip?flopped (转 变)fromadepressivestatetoanger.Iwenttobedangrilythatnight. Butwhenlawokeinthemorning , somethinghadchanged.注意:1 .所续写短文的词数应为150左右;.续写局部分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph1:InsteadofburyingmyselfinmycellphoneIfocusedonsomethingelse: mysurroundings.Paragraph2:Thefollowingdayspassedinaflashwithmanyfunactivities.一、原文故事的基本要素_ 基 本 要 素who myfather,Iwhendur i ngacampvacat i onwhatIwasaddictedtomycellpho neandignoredmyfamilyandsurroundings.二、原文故事的情节开展L MyparentsboughtmeacelIphonejustbeforemyhighschool. _ 2. Iquicklygotaddictedtothecellphoneandforgoteverythingaroun dme. 3. Myfatherannouncedthatourfamilywouldgooutcampingduri ngthevacation. 4. IwasreallydisappointedattheplanbecauseIju stwantedtostaywiththecellphone. 5. DuringthejourneyIjustfoe usedonmycellphoneexcepttheshortmomentwhenmycellphonewasouto fservice. 6. Iwasevenangrywhenlknewwewouldstayinacampsiteth athadnocellphoneservice.情开展三、原文故事中的巧妙用词1. Ilivedonthatcellphoneallsummerwithmyfaceburiedinitss creen.此处用了动词词组 livedon 和介词词组 withmyfaceburiedinitsscreeno文章在此处主要是为了表达“我” 对手机的沉迷。而livedon和buriedin非常贴切地表现了 “我”沉 迷于手机的情景。2. Beingconnectedwasmoreimportantthanbeingpresent. 此 句 意为“(在手机上的)联系远比在场(的人或环境)重要得多“。这 里用动名词作主语和介词宾语,形象地表现了当时作者沉迷于手机的 状况。3. Hi sexci tementmetwithadisappointedsigh.本句用 了 两个名 词,比照了 “我”和父亲的两种态度:父亲是excitement,而“我” 是 disappointedsigho4. Butnoneofthatmatteredtome.此句意为"但是这一切都与我 无关”。本句用了 matter,非常形象地表现了作者当时对窗外景色 的漠视,仍然沉迷于手机的状态。四、续写故事的设计与语言运用续 写 第一段 的 段 首 句 是 aInsteadofburyingmyselfinmycelIphone,Ifocusedonsomethingelse:mysurroundings. "。根据段首句的提示, 本段要重点描述“我”看到的周围环境的情况。对我们而言,理解故 事情节不是很难,最重要的是要用合适的、精巧的语言描写环境。选 择的词汇要既能展示环境的优美,又能表现“我”发现了周围环境的 美之后的心境变化。此处可以有对自然环境和声音的描述,可以有对 动植物的描述,同时要表达“我”的心情的变化。在自然环境方我们可以用 thesweetair、thepuresky、thecharmingvalley、themurmur i ngofrunn i ngwat er、thebeautifulsoundofthewilderness、thebirdsandbugscreatingamagicworld bothloudandpeaceful 等。这些词看上去很常见,但是充分表现了自然之美,可以很好地展示自 然的力量,为“我”的心情的转变做好铺垫。而在心情的变化上,我 们也要注意用词的递进,确切地表达“我”的心情的变化,如anger、 peace、 interest、 enjoy、 excitement、 fullsatisfaction.续 写 第 二 段 的 段 首 句 是Thefollowingdayspassedinaflashwithmanyfunactivities. ”续写第一段主要是对静态的自然之美的描述。而根据续写第二段的段 首句可知,本段主要描述的是人物的动态活动。我们可以在续写第一 段对静态美的描述的基础上,在“我”的心态发生了变化的前提下, 进行动态的描述。动作用词可以有hike、swim、fish等。同时可以 有对具体的细节活动的描述,如climbthemountainwithalightheart watchthebirdswithapeacefulmind 、startafire、cookdeliciousandspecialmeals、laughhappily、sharestories、 watchstars observef lower sandbutt erf lies 等。 这一切都 为 最后 成功地表达“我”深深地感受到了这次野营的美好做好了准备。【范文欣赏】Paragraph1:InsteadofburyingmyselfinmycelIphone,Ifocusedonsomethingelse:mysurroundings. Iheardthebeautifulsoundofthewilderness. Ihear dthebirdsandbugscreatingamagicworldthatwasbothloudandpeacef ulatthesametime. Myangergraduallyturnedtopeace,thenlittleinterestand,finally,excitement. Standingonthehighcampsite,Ifelttheweightofstressmeltfrommyshouldersaslviewedthevastla ndthatunfoldedbelowme. Thebeautifulandtouchingsightthatmetmy startledeyesnearlytookmybreathaway. Forthefirsttime,Ithoughtcampinginaplacethathadnocellphoneservicemightnotbes obadbutareal1yenjoyableexperience.Paragraph2:Thefollowingdayspassedinaflashwithmanyfunactivities. lentirelyforgotaboutthecellphone,totallyoccupiedmyseifwithhiking , swimmingandfishing , allthewonderfulthingsthatIhadneverthoughtofbefore. Mydadandl learnedhowtostartafiretogetherafterseveralfalsestarts. Wecoo kedtogetherandlatethesweetestmarshmallowsIhadevertasted. Dad toldmestoriesofhislife,storieslhadneverheardorperhapslhadntbeenlisterling. Whenthewe ekendcametoanend,Irealizedlhadntthoughtofmycellphoneonce. Ihadntfelttheneedto beconnectedtoanywhereelse. Itdawnedonmethatwhatmatteredmostw asthetimelwassharingwithjustmyfatherandnature.【模擦导练】阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故 事。everybody. Itsthattimeofyear, “ saidmyscienceteacher, MrBeal. ThisFridaywellhavetheannualEggDropChallenge. Bringy ourbestcontainerstoelass. Youcanworkaloneorworktogether. ”MrBealsfifth?gradeEggDropChal1engewasaninstitutionatmys chool. ThegoaloftheChallengewassimple一youhadtobuildaprotect ivecontainertokeepaneggfrombreakingwhendroppingontothestadi umground.Mybestfriend,Cassie,andlgrinnedateachother. Wealwaysworkedonpro?jectstogether. Sh esbrainy;Imcreative. Weretheperfectcombination,1ikepeanutbutterandmarshmallowcream, whichhappenstobemyfavoritekindofsandwiches.ImademyfavoritesandwichthatafternoonwhilewaitingforCass ietocomeoverandworkonthecontainer. Spreadingthefluffymarshma llowcreamgavemeanidea.aIhaveabri11iantdesignforoureggcontainer ! ” Isaidwhen Cassiearrived. Shelookedatmeeagerly. Wecancushionitwithsome marshmallowcream. Youknow,toabsorbtheshockoftheimpact, “ lexplained. Youvegottobekid ding,Laura, “ Cassieexclaimed. Youhaveabetteridea? ” Isaid. Cass iepointedtoasketchinhernotebook. "Actually,Ido. Weputtheegginabasketwithaparachuteattached. Itwillsimply floattosafety. ”Itstooeasyforsomethingtogowrong. Itwillneverwork!” Isaid. Cassierolledhereyes,uTheparachuteisbetterthanthatstupididea. ”Icouldntbelieveit. Ofcourse,wedhadourlittlefightsinthepast,butthiswasdifferent. Shednevercalledanyofmyideas “stupid” b efore. aThenl1IbuiIdmineandyoubuiIdyours,andwelljustseewhoseisbetter. ” "Fine! ” Cassiethrewhernoteb ookintoherbackpackandstor?medout. Andjustlikethat,ourfriendshipwasbroken. Likeaneggdroppedfromthetopofastadium withoutmarshmallowcreamt©protectit. 注意: 1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右;2.续写局部分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好。ParagraphicWhenFridayfinallycameIhadtoadmitthatCassiesEggForceOnelookedprettygood.Paragraph2:Bythefourthround, onlyCassieandlwereleft.【押价导思】.请归纳总结本文中使用的有关心理描写的词汇。1 .文章中使用了哪些动作描写的精彩词汇?2 .比照你的文章和范文,你有哪些词汇方面的收获?