武汉大学综合教程(2版)I U3 Key to Exercises.docx

An integrated English Course (2nd Edition) Book 1Unit 3Text I Whatever Happened to Manners?Text ComprehensionDecide which of the following best states the author's purpose of writing.A.I. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.1. F (This is a false statement as it just contradicts what tile author says in Paragraph 2.)T (Refer (o Paragraph 5.)2. T (Refer to Paragraph 6.)T (Refer to Paragraph 8.)3. F (As is stated in Paragraph 10, spouses should be gracious about the routine things they expect each other to do, not serious.)III. Answer the following questions.1. Refer to Paragraph I for the four examples.2. Refer to Paragraph 4. It could not only set an excellent example for your children and grandchildren but it adds priceless panache to your image.3. Refer(o Paragraph 5. The fact that the guest had included a recipe for a dish the author had complimented her on at an earlier gathering made the author feel all the more appreciative.4. Refer to Paragraph 7. It is the simple phrase "Excuse me."Refer to Paragraph 9. It is because to use good manners with our own families counts the most, for those arc the people wc love the most.5. As good manners are infectious, she wishes that everyone would catch them so that they would spread.IV Explain in your own words the following sentences.1. A gracious manner adds the greatest splendour to your image.2.1 dare say the note my guest sent me didn't take long to write.3. The simple phrase "Excuse me" made most of your irritation disappear.4. Being punctual has always been considered a virtue, both in the past and at present; it has not become outdated.5. You shouldn't accept the other person's presence without thinking of how much it means to you.6. Good manners can be communicated from one person to another.Structural analysis of the textParagraph 1: .I feel that much of the world has somehow gotten away from that.Paragraph 3: In fact, I think of good manners as a sort of hidden beauty secret.Paragraph 5: .saying "Thank you'' does wonders for the person on the receiving end too.Paragraph 7: Just as powerful as a thank-you note is the simple phrase “Excuse me.”Paragraph 9: .we shouldn't forget to use good manners with our own families.Vocabulary1. Explain the underlined part(s) in each sentence in your own words.1. become different from what it should be likedisplaying gratitude by waving a hand or nodding the head; move out onto the main road2. be of great significancewho receives the thank-you remark3. produce a far-rcaching effectpractice good mannersII. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word or phrase taken from the box in its appropriate form.1. Punctuality2. routine3. infectious4. bet5. terrific6. board7. valued8. count9. cherishes10. irritationsChoose a word or phrase that best completes each of the following sentences.l.D 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. AFill in each blank with one of the two words from each pair in its appropriate form and note the difference of meaning between them.1. To praise someone or something is to express approval for their achievements or qualities; compliment often applies to praise given insincerely as all empty formality or as a self-interested gesture, as well as to a genuine admiration, and this word often appears in the structure "compliment somebody on something."a. praisedb. compliment c. praised. complimentedEnjoy is to find pleasure and satisfaction in doing something, and often appears in (he structure of "enjoy oneself," meaning "take pleasure in a situation one is in." Appreciate means “be thankful or grateful for something," as well as "like or value something for its good qualities."a. appreciated b. enjoyedc. enjoyingd. appreciatedThe differences between these two words can be very subtle. Willie precious emphasizes the fact that something is valuable, rare and important, and should not be wasted, lost or used badly, priceless refers to something that is worth a lot of money, or that cannot be calculated in monetary terms.a. pricelessb. pricelessc. preciousd. preciousNotice suggests the taking in, almost by chance, of a small detail that may yet be important to some larger pattern. It can also be used in the imperative as a call to attend to some small detail that might otherwise be overlooked. See is a general word to suggest an accidental or deliberate viewing of all occurrence and it carries few connotations beyond those the context may give it.a. seeb. Noticec. seed. noticedV. Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.1. Synonym: thanks (recognition)Antonym: activeness (liveliness, briskness, eagerness)2. Synonym: fashionable (graceful, elegant)Antonym: selfish (mean, ungenerous)3. Synonym: nice (courteous, polite, friendly)Antonym: leisurely (relaxed, idle, unoccupied, lazy)4. Synonym: annoyance (vexation, displeasure, dissatisfaction)Antonym: promptness (timekeeping, reliability)VI. Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate form of the given capitalized wordin the bracket.1. unfriendly2. boyhood5. disappearance6.decisionin the bracket.1. unfriendly2. boyhood5. disappearance6.decision3.understanding4. reception7. differing8. elevatedGrammarI. Notice the construction following the words and phrases in italics.(In the first five sentences, the comparative construction "more.(than)" follows the words and phrases in italics. The comparative forms of adjectives and adverbs indicate difference in degree. In the last sentence, the "as.as" construction follows the word in italics. The "as.as" construction is used to show similarity or sameness.)Complete the sentences using the “asas" construction or the comparatives of the adjectives given.(You can make your judgment according to tile premodifers. Premodifiers such as a good deal, far, much, a lot, a great deal are used before the "more . than" construction, and those such as almost, just, not nearly, not quite are used before the "as . as" construction.)1. older than2. older than3. more interested5. more exciting than 6. as complicated9. more selective10. nicer3. as crowded as7. easier than11. as unlucky as4. as pale as8. as expensive as12. more difficultComplete the sentences using a comparative form.I. stronger2. more noisy3. more expensive4. more difficult5. happier6. younger7. more often8. further9. more exciting10. louderIV. Use superlatives or comparatives of the adjectives given to complete the sentences.1. more comfortable (The comparative form is used because the two chairs are being compared.)the funniest (When a noun is postmodified by a relative clause or a prepositional phrase, a superlative is used to premodify it.)2. the worst (When the superlative of an adjective is used, don't forget to use the definite article before it.)more serious 5. the most popular 6. quieter 7. the most beautiful8. healthier (Note the comparative form of “heallhy” is “healthier”.)the least honorable (Here comparison to a minimum degree is used.)9. less challenging, least challengingV. Correct the errors, where found, in the following sentences.1. elder - older ("Elder” cannot be used as a complement but "older" can. Than him” is also grammatically permissible.)eldest - oldest ("Eldest" cannot be used to premodify nonpersonal objects.)2. Y (Both "older" and "elder" can be used to talk about a person.)N ("Further" can be used to refer to distance, just as "farther*'.)3. farther - further ("Furiher” can also mean "more" or "additional,1' but "farther" refers to distance only.)more an - a more (Pay attention to the word order here.)4. best - better (Only two reports are being compared, so the comparative should be used.)Y ("A/an + singular noun" can be used after the adjective in the "as . as" construction.)VI. Make sentences of your own after the sentence given below, using the inverted pattern SCVS (subject complement + verb + subject).e.g. But even worse was the fact that the headmaster had found out the boysr secret plan.TranslationTranslate the following sentences into Chinese.1 .譬如，我在纽约就看到这样的差别，与我20多年前刚搬来时大不相同了：人们蜂拥走进 电梯，却没有电梯里面的人先出来；别人为他们开门时，从来不说“谢谢”；需要同事给他 们递东西时，从来不说“请飞当其他开车人为他们让道时，也从不挥手或点头表示谢意。2 .难道你没有注意到那些最和蔼、最慷慨的人似乎越来越漂亮吗？3 .那封短信已经够可爱的了,然而更加可爱的是这位客人还在信中附上了一道小菜的制作 方，那是在前一次聚会时我对她大加赞赏的一道菜。4 .准时赴约和他人共进午餐是向对方表示：我们珍惜自己的时间，也同样珍惜他/她的时间。 II. Translate each of the following sentences into English, using the words and phrases given in brackets.5 .1 am sorry I am late; I was at a meeting and couldn't get away.1. At the concert whenever a singer finished singing a beautiful song, the audience would burst into loud cheers to show their appreciation.2. She is always wearing stylish clothes, but she seldom cares about what she eats or drinks.3. The nurse told me that the doctors had done wonders for your heart disease.4. When awarding the prize, the chairman complimented the winner on his great contribution to mankind.5. This problem has bothered the experts for many years.6. The crowd of demonstrators melted away when the police arrived.7. Since punctuality is a good habit, we should pay close attention to it and make great efforts to cultivate it.8. The old man cherishes that girl, as if she were his own daughter.9. It is just a routine physical checkup, nothing to get worried about.Exercises for Integrated SkillsDictationMother's Day is celebrated / on the second Sunday in May. / On this occasion, / Mother usually receives greeting cards and gifts / from her husband and children. / For most mothers, / the rarest and best gift / is a day of rest. / Often, / families honor Mother / by taking her out for dinner. / In some households / the husband and children / take over meal preparations / so that Mom can spend a whole day / away from the kitchen. / Serving her breakfast in bed / is another family ritual. / Later in the day, / parents may take their children / to visit their grandparents. / Flowers are an important part of the day. / Mothers are often given corsages / for (he occasion, / particularly if they are elderly.I. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate.1. difficult 2. If 3. invitation 4. By5. avoid6. enables 7. turn 8. easy9. But10. likelyWriting: Coordinating ConjunctionsFill in the blanks with appropriate coordinating conjunctions.or2. and 3. but 4. nor 5. yet/but, and6. but 7. or8. so 9. but 10. for, andListeningTranscriptGreetings Around the WorldThere are many ways to greet people.Number 1: A bowMan: Around the world, there arc many different ways to greet people. Bowing is the traditional way of greeting in Northeast Asian countries like Korea and Japan. In Japan, when you bow, you don't look directly at the other persons eyes. But in Korea it's important to see the other person's face when you bow. In both countries, people bow to show respect. Traditionally, Japanese bows where the left hand covers the right hand are more polite than when the right hand covers the left. This is because, in the days when people used swords, the right hand was used for fighting. The left hand covering the right symbolizes ones stopping one's own stronger hand. Some companies such as airlines still teach their employees to bow in this way.Number 2: A hugWoman: When good friends meet in Russia, they often hug each other. This is true fbr both women and men. Russia isn't the only place where friends hug. In Brazil, fbr example, friends also hug each other in greeting. In Brazil, the hug is called an abraco.Number 3: The salaamMan: The salaam is a greeting from the Middle East. It is used 'in Jordan, Saudi Arabia, and some other Arab countries. It is most popular with older, more traditional people. To give a salaam, first touch your heart, then your forehead. Then your hand moves up, away from your head. When people use this greeting, they say, “Peace be with you.”Number 4: The namastc or wai.Woman: People in India and in Thailand use a different kind of greeting. Il is called namaste in India. In Thailand, it is called wai. The hands arc put high on the chest, and v on bow slightly. This hand gesture looks similar (o the gesture many cultures use fbr prayer. Il grows out of a cultural tradition of acknowledging the goodness in the person one is greeting. Though it is a way of greeting, it also means "Thank you" and "I'm sorry."Number 5: A strong, short handshakeMan: You all know how to shake hands. This is common in many countries. But it isn't always done the same way. in the United States and Canada, fbr example, people usually give a strong, short handshake. It's short but rather firm.Number 6: A softer, longer handshakeWoman: In many other countries, people also shake hands. But they do it differently from in theU.S. and Canada. In Mexico and in Egypt, fbr example, many people - especially men -shake hands. Mexican and Egyptian handshakes usually last a little longer. The handshake is softer - not as strong.Key to listening exercises1. e, g 2. a, i 3. f,j 4. d, k 5. b, 16. c, hA. I. show respect, look directly at the other person's eyes, see the other person's face2. good friends, men or women3. older and more traditional, touch your heart, your forehead, moves up. Peace be with you4. high on the chest, bow slightly. Thank you. I'm sorry5. strong and short, last a little longer, they arc softerText II An Educator 9s Moral ResponsibilityKey to Questions for discussionHe worries about the negative effects of violent crime, the ravages of inhumanity, cruelty and intolerance, etc. on our children.1. Parents and teachers must contend often with disturbing levels of adolescent aggression, profanity, and disrespect.2. Some parents think they are solely responsible for the moral education of their own children, and they do not want any outside interference. But educators, with the author as a representative, think teachers and school administrators should never become ethical bystanders.3. They should all be polite and tolerant of individual differences.4. Yes. For instance, a student's parent told the author that the words his/her child had used did not hurt anybody and that the author was too fussy about the child's vocabulary.5. The author thinks that students should be (aught common values of courtesy, mutual respect, persistence, responsibility, and self-reliance.6. An educator can be considered successful only when his students graduated not only as successful learners but also as well-behaved citizens.7. (Open to discussion.)