高考英语语法：定语从句复习课教学设计.docx

高考英语语法定语从句复习课教学设计一 教案背景及教材分析：本节课是针对高三学生一节的复习课。定语从句是英语重要的语法之一，它既是重点也是难点，是学生平时最常接触的，它在各个题型中无所不在。因此，掌握好定语从句是十分必要的。在平时练习中发现不少学生对该语的一些语法点及其特殊用法较为模糊，有的甚至不清楚什么是定语。针对学生存在的问题，进行吧教学设计。 二 学习目标 结合本课的内容和其在英语教学中的地位，我把本节课的教学目标特定如下： 1. 进一步明确定语,定语从句，先行词，关系词的概念.2 .熟练掌握不同的关系代词和关系副词的用法。3熟悉几种常考察的定语从句。三 教学重点和难点 重点:进一步明确定语从句的概念，熟练掌握定语从句中的先行词和关系词的作用 难点:1.准确运用关系代词和关系副词。2几种常用的定语从句的类型。四、教学方法教学方法 为达成上述教学目标，本人运用任务型教学途径，围绕教学内容，精心编制导学案，开展自主性学习的课堂活动，强调合作探究与独立思考的相结合。 五、学习方法 1、自主学习法，学案导学让每一个学生都主动参与学习。2、合作学习法，为了提高学生分析问题和解决问题的能力，通过分组讨论、学生互动来完成。 3、探究式学习法，促进学生实践能力和创新思维的发展。为此，在重点的把握上，采用同学之间合作探讨的方法。板书设计：1. 学习目标；2. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系代词：who, whom(作宾语成分）, whose, that, which 关系副词：when（时间）, where（地点）,why（原因） 关系词的作用：1、引导作用 2、替代作用 3、句子成分作用课堂小结：引导学生回顾本节课的内容，重点。作业布置：完成巩固练习. 六、教学过程Step1.Lead-in Looking for attributivesTask: 划出短文中的定语。One sunny spring weekend, in a park full of all kinds of flowers and trees，a young man holding a phone was busy in taking pictures of a girl in a red skirt, who was giving different poses excitedly on the lawn. All of a sudden, an innocent voice came, ”Excuse me, but I have some words to tell you.”Step2.Key knowledge points一定语从句的概念：修饰限制名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。定语从句相当于一个形容词，跟在名词或代词后修饰该名词或代词。定语从句的二要素：1. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。2. 关系词： 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系代词：who, whom(作宾语成分）, whose, that, which 关系副词：when（时间）, where（地点）,why（原因） 关系词的作用：1、引导作用 2、替代作用 3、句子成分作用（在从句中充当一个成分）e.g.: 1.Those who want to go please should be ready.2. Bill, who was my student , asked me questions.关系代词引导定语从句时，在定语从句中充主语、宾语、表语和定语（whose），除宾语均不可省略。关系副词引导定语从句时，在定语从句中充当状语。（不能省略）注：关系词引导定语从句，同时指代先行词在 定语从句中充当的成分 ，所以先行词在定语从句中不再出现,也不用其他词代替.如果关系代词在从句中作主语，人称和数要与先行词保持一致，注意主谓一致问题。e.g.：Bill is a boy whom I teach.(不能再跟him)That is a beautiful coastal city, where I spent my childhood . (不能再跟there) Those who break the law are punished. Anyone who breaks the law is punished.关系副词可转化为介词+关系代词结构。1、When指时间，在定语从句中充当时间状语。 He told me the date when(on which) he joined the Party.2、Where指地点，在定语从句中充当地点状语。 This is the place where(in which) we lived ten years ago.3、Why指原因，在定语从句中充当原因状语。 I know the reason why(for which) she was so angry.二关于that和which以下情况，引导词用that，不用which 1. 先行词为不定代词或被不定代词所修饰everything，little，much，all，anything，nothing ,etc. e.g. Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen.2. 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用that。 e.g. This is the best book (that) Ive ever read以下情况常用which而不用that1.关系代词作介词宾语时 2.引导非限制性定语从句时合并起来也就是说介词后面和逗号后面不用that3.先行词是指物的that ,those 时。三. Who和 that .在anyone, those, he ,that ,you ,they 作先行词时, 用”who” 不用 “that”.e.g.1.Anyone who breaks the law is punished.2.Those who break the law are punished.3.He who has not been to the Great Wall is not a true man.Exercises:用正确的关系词填空。1. Is this the factory _ you visited the other day?2. He lives in a hotel, _ is only five minutes walk from here. 3. Winter is the time of year _ the days are short and nights are long. 4. Were talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last night. 5. The girl _is singing an English song in the next room is Toms sister. 6. Those _learn not only from books but also through practice will succeed. 7.I like the second football match _ was held last week.8. He has lost the key to the drawer _ the papers are kept. 9. May the fourth is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget.10. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, _ live my grandparents and some relatives. Step3 Break through the confusing points如何正确选择关系副词when, where和关系代词that, which？同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用where，有时使用that/which；同样是修饰一个时间，有时使用when， 有时使用that/which。怎样准确判断？这主要看两点：一：先行词在从句中所作成分；二：是定语从句中的谓语动词是否是一个及物动词。解题策略:做这种题时，要通过还原先行词,看先行词在定语从句中所充当的成分.Exercises: 1）She wont forget the days _ she spent on the island. She wont forget the days _ when they stayed. 2） This is the factory _ I visited last year. This is the factory _ I worked last year. This is the factory _ produces all kinds of TV sets. Step4. Whose引起的定语从句Whose在从句中做定语，（其明显特征是后面紧跟一名词）。可转换为“ of +关系代词”型，即 the+ n + of +which/whom 如：e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south.They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south.They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south. Exercises:单项选择1. I have seen trees, _ open at sunrise and close at sunset. A. which the leaves B. of which leaves C. whose leaves D. its leaves2 . That tree, _ branches are almost bare, is very old. A. that B. which C. when D. whose3.At that time ,I was in Texas and I had a friend , _ family business was running hotels. A. that B. which C .his D. whose4. Please pass me the notebook _the cover is yellow.A .of which B. of whom C .of it D. whoseStep5数词、不定代词（some， many , most , each ,both, neither等）+ of +whomwhich 引导的定语从句.Exercise: 1. He has two sons, _ work as chemists. A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of which D. all of whom2. The foreign guests, _ were scientists, were warmly welcomed at the airport. A. most of whom B. most of them C. most of which D. most of those3. My father bought me several books, _ was interesting. A most of them B none of them C none of which D neither of whichStep 6.which/as 引导非限制性定语从句 他们都可以引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句的内容，没有明确的先行词。which意为“这一点”，只能放在主句后面。 as意为“正如 ，正像那样”，位置灵活，可放主句前，也可放主句后，有时还可插入主句之中。常见的结构有： As we all know , as everybody can see, as is known to all, 如：She married again ,as we expected.As we expected, she married again .My father was easily cheated , which surprised me.用as ,which填空.1._you know, he is a famous musician.2. He didnt pass the exam,_ is a pity . 3.Jack drove too fast and, whats more, very carelessly, _ worried her very much.Step7 巩固练习 单句改错1. My dog, which temper（脾气）is very bad, often barks (吠) at my family.2.Our teacher, her wife fell ill yesterday, cannot come to work today.3. Ill never forget the days when we spent together .4. Is there anything which I can do for you ?5. There was nobody to who I could turn for help .6. Thats all what I want to say .7. Mr. Smith is one of the foreign experts who works in China .8 . The man I met him in the street is my boss .9. The workers , most of them are women , are out of work now .10. Egypt is a country where is famous for its pyramids.