Unit3 语法-原级比较as...as... 八年级英语上册.docx

八年级第一学期英语 . Unit3 A day outGrammar & Usage1、 as.as.结构详解基本用法（可以用来表示一种另类的原级、比较级、最高级表示法）该结构的基本意思是“与一样”，其中接形容词或副词的原级，在否定句中，第一个 as 也可换成 so，当然也可以不换。如：She doesnt play as well as her sister.她演奏得不如她姐姐。I havent known him as long as you.我认识他的时间没有你长。He doesnt earn as much as me.他挣的钱比我少。He doesnt earn as much as I do.他挣的钱不如我多。Its not as hard as I thought.这没有我想象的那么困难。I dont think he was ever as fit as he should have been.我认为他本该更健康的。Its not so easy as youd think.不像你想的那么容易。二、asas结构的用法要点Youve made as many mistakes as I have. 你犯的错误和我犯的一样多。Youre as tall as your father.你和你父亲一样高。（表示原级）He doesnt study as so hard as his brother.他学习不如他弟弟努力。（表示比较级）I never went through a final exam that was as difficult as that one.我从来没有碰到过像那次那么难的期末考试。（表示最高级）三、涉及数量、程度或倍数的用法若涉及数量或程度，可用“as much+不可数名词+as”和“as many+可数名词复数+as”。如：He piled as much food as he could onto his plate.他把食物猛往自己盘子里堆。He doesnt pay as much tax as we do / as us. 他没我们交的税款多。I havent got as much money as I thought. 我不像原来想像的有那么多钱。Take as much time as you like.你想花多少时间就花多少时间。Cats sleep twice as much as people.猫睡觉的时间比人长一倍。Temperatures can fluctuate by as much as 10 degrees.温差可达10度之多。Some old machines go for as much as 35,000 pounds.一些旧机器卖到了35,000英镑的高价。请特别注意，在表示时间、金钱、度数等时，及时后面跟可数名词，也是用as much as，如上面三例。There were as many as 200 people at the lecture.听讲的有200人之多。She gets as many as eight thousand letters a month.她一个月里收到的信件多达8,000封。小结：A+be +倍数+比较级形容词+than +BA+be +倍数+as +原级形容词+as +B四、有关词序的一点说明其间，接形容词时，有时该形容词还可修饰另一名词，但这个名词应带有不定冠词，请注意词序有变化：as+adj.+ 不定冠词+名词。如：I have as good a voice as you. 我的声音和你一样好。I have a voice as good as you. 我的声音和你一样好。She is as good a teacher as her mother. 她和她妈妈一样是位好老师。She is a teacher as good as her mother. 她和她妈妈一样是位好老师。但不说。如：She is as a good teacher as her mother. / They are as good teachers as us.五、 asas结构的修饰语根据情况可用(not) nearly, almost, just, nothing like, exactly, not quite, half, one-ten, twice, three times, 30 per cent等修饰，并且这些修饰语必须置于第一个as之前，而不能置于其后。如：Experts reveal only as much as they care to.专家们只透露了他们想透露的那些。Poor old Henry, and not half as clever as hed thought.可怜的老亨利，以为自己多聪明。This room is twice as large as that one.这个房间是那个房间的两个大。Youre not half as clever as you think you are. 你远不是自己想像的那么聪明。It took three times as long as I had expected. 这件事比我预料的多花了两倍的时间。六、在非正式场合(尤其是美国英语中)，有时可以省略第一个as。如：When over forty, he married a woman poor as himself. 他在40多岁时娶了一个像他本人一样穷的女人。七、.as.as的常见句型(1) as.as possible/sb can尽可能的 Please answer my question as soon as possible.请尽快回答我的问题。 The detective is searching the man as carefully as he can. 那个侦探正在尽可能仔细地搜查那个男子的身体。(2) as.as usual/before像以前一样 She looks as pretty as before.她看起来和以前一样漂亮 Though they failed，they still worked as hard as usual. 尽管他们失败了，但他们仍像以前一样努力工作。(3) as long as只要，引导条件状语从句 I will stay with you as long as there is a room free.要是你有一间空余的房子，我就住在你这里。 You may borrow this book as long as you promise to give it back 只要你答应归还，你就可以把这书借走。(4) as soon as的用法一就;一经;不久后，一会儿。既可以引导时间状语从句，表过去，又可以表示将来。as soon as引导时间状语从句当主句用一般过去时时，从句中用一般过去时或过去完成时。as soon as 的用法一般是两种情况：I、指未发生的动作,规律是：主句一般将来时,从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时 如：I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back. 注：有时,为了特意表达刚刚完成某事就如何如何,需要用现在完成时. 如：I will go with you as soon as I have washed my face.II、指紧接着发生的两个短动作,主从句都用一般过去时 如: He took out his English books as soon as he sat down 不过,我也见过从句和主句都用一般现在时的情况.如：As soon as he finishes his classwork,he runs out of the class.他一做完课堂作业,就跑出了教室. soon as前后的动词用主将从现 主句用一般将来时 从句用一般现在时。as soon as的用法例句I. As soon as he got inside, the dog shook himself. 他一进来，狗就开始摇头摆尾。II. They stopped you as soon as you deviated from the script. 一旦你偏离了剧本的内容，他们就会喊停。III. As soon as the two chicks hatch, they leave the nest burrow. 两只小鸟一出壳就离开了巢穴。V. As soon as we were inside, the rain began to bucket down. 我们刚进屋，大雨便倾盆而下。IV. As soon as relations improve they will be allowed to go. 一旦关系有所改善，他们就可以获准离开。VI. Would you call me as soon as you find out? 你一弄清楚了就给我打电话好吗?(5) as well as用法 作为习语用作介词时，as well as的涵义是“还有”、“不但而且”。值得注意的是，在A as well as B的结构里，语意的重点在 A，不在 B。因此，“He can speak Spanish as well as English.”的译文应该是：“他不但会说英语，而且会讲西班牙语”，决不能译作：“他不但会说西班牙语，而且会讲英语”。如果这样翻译，就是本末倒置了。as well as和 not only but also同义，但前者的语意重点和后者的语意重点恰好颠倒。 如果 as well as用作连词引出比较从句，其义为“和一样好”。因此，“He speaks Spanish as well as English.”应译作：“他说西班牙语像说英语一样好”。语意的重点依旧在前部，不在后半部。请注意 as well as以下的用法：She called on you as well as I. 但我来看你，她也拜访了你。She called on you as well as me.她不但拜访了我，也拜访了你。在下列句中，as well as表示“像一样”的涵义：She as well as you is an English teacher.她像你一样也是英文教师。这里的谓语动词用is，不用are，因为句中的主语是she，不是she和you。As well是副词短语，其义为“也”，相当于too，它一般放在句末，有时和连词and或but搭配使用。例：He is a worker，and a poet as well.他是工人，但也是诗人。China possesses enormous quantities of coal and is rich in other minerals as well.中国拥有大量煤炭，其他的矿藏也很丰富。Mr.Liu can speak English，but he can speak Cantonese as well.刘先生会说英语，但他也能讲广东话。as well as 可连接并列的单词或短语如果as well as 前面是动词不定式，那么其后的动词也是不定式，但to要省略应保持一致。由as well as 连接的复合主语并不影响谓语动词的数as well as 连接的人称代词既可以是主格也可以是宾格，但句意不同。as well as 用于肯定结构和否定结构中，其意义不同强调连续性和反复性，and连接相同的两个词，可以是动词、名词、形容词或副词祈使句+and+简单句”结构，表示条件关系，祈使句相当于if引导的条件从句。在口语中，and可用在come, go run, hurry up, stay, stop等动词后代替表示目的的动词不定式，这些词也可以接带to的不定式and位于句首时常用来承上启下，有“那么;于是;因此”之意and用来连接数词(=plus)时，表示“加”。and all that = and so on = and so forth = and what not，意为“诸如此类;等等”。and yet表示“但是;然而”。as well as连接两个动词时，有三种情况：1)前后两个动词的时态要一致。即：若第一个动词是一般现在时，第二个动词也应是一般现在时;若第一个动词是一般过去时，第二个动词也应是一般过去时。例如：He publishes(published)as well as prints(printed)his own books.他的书是自己印刷并出版的。2)如果第一个动词是复合时态，或由can，may， must等加动词构成时，as well as后面可省去助动词或情态动词，此时，as well as意为“既又”。例如：We are repairing the roof as well as painting the walls.我们在粉刷墙壁，同时也在修理屋顶。She can /could sing as well as dance.她既会跳舞也会唱歌。3)如果第一个动词是不定式，as well as后面的动词也要用不定式，但要去掉to。例如：You cant expect her to do the housework as well as look after the children.你不可能叫她既照管孩子又做家务。注意as well as的另外两层涵义：1)as well as还有“除之外”之意。例如：As well as knowing some Russian，she speaks English very well.除了懂得一点俄语之外，她的英语讲得很好。2)as well as还可视为as.as结构，用于副词的同等比较。可解作“和一样好”。例如：He can speak English as well as you can.7